University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
CHEM 100 | Principles of Chemistry
Academic year:

2023
Views:

356

Pages:

1
Author:

Janice G.

LIPIDS The word fat comes from the Greek word lipos. Meanwhile, in english it means lipid. Its an organic compound that can insoluble in water but can be extracted with non-polar solvents such as chloroform, ether and benzene. The compounds of fat don't have the same structural form and also have a vary of chemical and biological properties. Lipid is include fats, waxes, sterols, fat- soluble vitamins monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others. Storing energy, signaling and as building block of cell membranes is the main biological functions of lipis. In cosmetic and food industries, lipid use as well as in nanotechonology. Its defined as small hydrophobic or amphiphilic molecules which as a nature of some lipids that allows to form such as vesicles, multilamellar/unimellar liposomes, or membranes in aquatic environments. Building -blocks or biochemical subunits found in biological lipid which are derived, namely : ketoacyl and isoprene. Generally, this lipids can devided into eight categories such as fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, saccharolipids, and polyketides (derived from condensation of ketoacyl subunits); and sterol lipids and prenol lipids (derived from the condensation of isoprene subunits). Lipids also include molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri-, di-, monoglycerides, and phospholipids), as well as other sterol- containing metabolites . like cholesterol. Some essential lipids can't be made by biosynthetic and must be obtained from food. One group of organic compounds found in plants, animals or humans and which are very useful for human life are lipids. The experts Biochemistry agrees that fats and organic compounds that have physical properties such as fats are included in a group called lipids. The physical properties in question are: 1. not soluble in water, but soluble in one or more than one organic solvent, for example ether, acetone, chloroform, benzene which are often also called "fat solvents"; 2. there is a relationship with fatty acids and their esters; 3. has the possibility of being used by living creatures. There are several known ways of classifying, Bloor divides lipids into three groups, namely ; 1. Simple Lipids, namely esters of fatty acids with various alcohols, for example fats or glycerides and waxes; 2. Combined lipids, namely fatty acid esters that have additional groups, for example phospholipids and cerebrosides; 3. lipid derivatives, namely compounds produced from the hydrolysis of lipids, for example fatty acids, glycerol and sterols.

Exploring the Diversity and Functions of Lipids

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