OSHA 10 Exam Answers Guide

OSHA 10 Test Answers The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. Electric shock occurs when: Your body becomes part of the circuit -- Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor Workers need to take which of the following common-sense steps -- Guard or securely cover all holes created or uncovered before to protect themselves from falls through skylights and roof and leaving a work area floor openings? -- Always use a PFAS when working over an unguarded or uncovered opening more than six feet above a lower level The two steps for avoiding hazards that are always taken before the need for PPE is considered are: Workplace and engineering controls The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: suspended scaffolds -- Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a -- Move the personnel platform slowly and cautiously and have serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks rotation-resistant rope with a safety factor of 10 that hoist personnel must: -- Have all brakes and locking devices set when the occupied personnel platform is in stationary position If the use of a power tool can result in flying sparks, metal shavings, wood chips, splashes, or other debris, workers should: Protect themselves by wearing proper PPE OSHA defines an excavation as: Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earth's surface formed by earth removal A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: -- Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, muscles, and joints of the trunk -- The use of safe lifting postures and timing Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: wrecking balls and jackhammers OSHA's electrical standards are based on: the NEC What are the four main types of electrical injuries? Electrocution, electric shock, burns, indirect (e.g., a fall from a ladder) A shock's severity depends on: -- Length of exposure to electricity -- The amount of current and its frequency -- The current's path Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current Hot wires, ungrounded wires that can cause a shock if you touch them, are usually: black or red More than 50 percent of electrocutions are caused by a worker coming in direct contact with: energized power lines The OSHA standard requires flexible cords to be rated for: Hard or extra hard usage What is the most frequent violation of OSHA electrical standards? improper grounding of circuitry and equipment The three elements of a basic program for electrical safety are: recognize, evaluate and control All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be: Removed and tagged "Do Not Use" If you have a three-prong plug and a two-hole receptacle, it is acceptable to: Use an adapter with an adapter wire connected to known ground All hazards involved in the use of power tools can be prevented by following five basic safety rules: Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance; examine each tool for damage before use; operate according to the manufacturer's instructions; provide and use the proper protective equipment; and: use the right tool for the job Live parts of electric equipment operating at 50 volts or more must be: guarded against electrical contact 1/7 While any employee is exposed to contact with parts of electric equipment or circuits that have been de-energized, the circuits energizing the parts shall be: Locked out or tagged out or both Low voltage does not mean low hazard. true The two best means of avoiding electrical shock or injury when working with power tools are: Insulation and grounding The majority of today's power line accidents occur because: Of failure to maintain proper work distances A ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protects workers from shock by: Matching the amount of current going into an electrical device against the amount returning from the device and shutting down power if a ground fault is detected AEGCP's are implemented on construction sites to oversee: -- All cord sets -- Cord sets and equipment connected by plug and cord -- Receptacles that are not part of a building or structure The OSHA standard mandates that any time a worker is at a height of six feet or more, the worker is at risk and needs to be protected. Most fatalities, however, happen when workers fall from: Roofs Employers must ensure that all walking and working surfaces have the structural integrity to: Support workers safely Controlled access zones serve a dual purpose - they allow specially trained individuals (such as masons) to operate without traditional fall protection within a certain area, and: They keep unauthorized individuals out A system used to arrest a worker in a fall from a working level that consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness, and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these is called a: Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS) When no other alternative fall protection has been implemented, Ensure that the safety monitor is a competent person knowledgethe employer shall implement a safety monitoring system. Emable about fall protection ployers must: At holes, guardrail systems must be set up: On all unprotected sides and edges The top edge of a guardrail must be from 39 to 45 inches above the walking/working level, and there must also be a means of protection from: Falling objects between top rail and walking surface Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them Safety nets must be strong enough to support workers who fall, and must: Have small enough mesh openings that employee doesn't fall through net itself Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: Heavy equipment such as cranes or trucks It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Vehicle has an audible reverse alarm Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: -- under scaffolds -- under cranes -- wherever overhead work is being performed To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached Forklift operators should ground the forks of the forklift, turn the forklift off, set the parking brake, and _____________prior to dismounting the machine. neutralize controls If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: are guarded 2/7 One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them is a/n ______________: competent person Providing worker training on the safe use of the equipment being operated is the responsibility of the: employer To protect against caught-in or -between hazards, a worker should Performing maintenance or adjustment on equipment/machinery not only avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry, but also a worker that hasn't been locked-out should avoid: There are a number of requirements that employers must do to protect their workers from caught-in or between hazards. Which Provide guards on power tools and other equipment with moving of these is required if the worker's body, hands or clothing may parts come into contact with moving parts? The critical first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health program is to identify physical and health hazards at a work site. This process is known as: A hazard assessment OSHA requires that many categories of PPE meet or be equivalent to standards developed by: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) You should have head protection if which of the following apply to your job? -- Objects might fall from above -- There are low-hanging pipes or beams -- There are exposed electrical hazards In general, head protection should do which of the following? -- Resist penetration by objects and absorb the shock of a blow -- Be water-resistant and slow burning -- Have clear instructions explaining proper adjustment and replacement of the suspension and headband There might be one pair of protective eyewear for your task or station, rather than individual eyewear for each employee. If this is the approach at your job site, then: You must clean and disinfect the eyewear between each use A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Ten times louder than Safety footwear has to meet minimum compression and impact performance standards, set by: ASTM F-2412-2005 Gloves that are chemically resistant are usually made from: rubber or plastic True or False: Full-body protection is sometimes made from materials such as duck, paper-like fiber, or rubberized fabrics, depending upon the hazard. True Before the start of each work shift, it is mandatory that: A competent person inspects the scaffold before the start of each work shift The first step in building a scaffold is to: Conduct a site inspection If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, regained the employer shall: When dismantling a scaffold, all work should be conducted: From the top down Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: registered professional engineer What type of scaffold - other than the tube and coupler scaffold is ideal for use around complex structures? a system scaffold 3/7 This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswain's chair for the worker to sit in. Suspension scaffold If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet, they must be protected by guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). The type of fall protection required will depend upon: The type of scaffold The four main causes of crane accidents are contact with power lines, overturns, falls and mechanical failure. Two other errors Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: No modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of a crane or derrick should ever be made without: The manufacturer's written approval, which should be kept on file Truck-mounted and rough terrain cranes are both forms of a mobile crane, and both use which of the following to increase their stability? outriggers Rated load capacities, recommended operating speeds, and spe- Conspicuously posted on the crane, where the crane operator can cial hazard warnings or instructions must be: see them while he is at his control station The four lifting principles that govern a crane's mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity Employees working in the vicinity of a crane must take care to avoid what kind of accident? "Struck by" Personnel hoisting platforms must be designed by: A qualified engineer, or another competent specialist qualified in structural design True or False: Only personnel instructed in the requirements of the standard and the task to be performed - along with their tools, equipment and materials needed for the job - are allowed on the platform. True If the hoist tower is not enclosed, the hoist platform or car must be totally enclosed on all sides for the full height between the floor and: The overhead protective covering The greatest hazards posed by hand tools result from: misuse and improper maintenance Power tools should never be carried by the cord or hose or be yanked from a receptacle by the cord or hose; and cords and hoses should be kept away from: Heat, oil, sharp edges Sharp, abrasive, pinching, or otherwise hazardous moving parts of power tools: Must have protective guard to prevent contact with workers Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and: Sound- or ring-tested to ensure that it is free from cracks or defects Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in Because there is always the chance that the wheel wasn't sound front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to and could disintegrate or explode full operating speed. Why? Pneumatic tools are powered by: Compressed air Powder-actuated tools are extremely dangerous, with a "firing" mechanism similar to that of: A loaded gun If a powder-actuated tool misfires, the employee should: Wait at least 30 seconds, then try firing again All jacks - lever and ratchet jacks, screw jacks, and hydraulic jacks - must have a device that stops them from: Jacking up too high (a stop indicator) OSHA defines a trench as: A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the width - with the width not to exceed 15 feet True or False: There is usually some form of warning before a cave-in. False OSHA requires that all excavations in which employees could potentially be exposed to cave-ins be protected by one or more of the following three methods: Sloping, benching, shoring, shielding 4/7 The formula for all simple slope excavations 20 feet (6.11 meters) or less deep states that for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back: 1 and 1/2 feet Trench boxes or shields must be designed or approved by: a registered professional engineer Shoring or shielding is most often used when: The location or the depth of the excavation makes sloping back to the maximum allowable slope impractical As mentioned in this module, in addition to cave-ins and related hazards, workers involved in excavation work also are exposed to hazards involving: Falls, falling loads and mobile equipment Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects To prevent surface water from entering an excavation and to Water removal equipment, diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitprovide adequate drainage of the adjacent area, OSHA standards able methods require the use of: In the case of materials handling, storage, use and disposal, remember that the main hazards are injuries from: -- Improper lifting and carrying -- Being struck by materials or caught in pinch points -- Being crushed by improperly stored materials Because the number of injuries from operating powered industrial trucks was on the rise, the OSHA standard for Powered Industrial Trucks was revised March 1, 1999. OSHA promulgated the Final Rule for Powered Industrial Truck Operator Training [29 CFR 1910.178(1)], which: -- Requires operator training and licensing as well as periodic evaluations of operator performance -- Requires operators to take and pass a written and road test (similar to a driver's education) before they can operate the forklift. Operators must complete three separate aspects of powered industrial truck training: formal training, practice training, and: Evaluation To adhere to fire safety precautions, flammable and combustible materials must be stored according to: Their fire characteristics General safety principles that can help reduce workplace accidents include: -- Work practices -- Ergonomic principles -- Training and education Material handling tasks should be designed to minimize _________ of the given activity. -- the weight -- the range of motion -- the frequency Only employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques. false Manual materials is the most common category of compensable injuries in the United States work force, with four out of five of those injuries involving: the lower back When manually moving materials, employees should always try to lift it alone if a load is so bulky it cannot be properly grasped or lifted, when they cannot see around or over it, or when a load cannot be safely handled. false Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that: an engineering survey be conducted One of the most important elements of the pre-job planning is: the location of all utility services Proper equipment for prompt transportation of an injured worker, as well as a communication system to contact any necessary ambulance service, must be available: on the work site Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: wrecking balls, jackhammers Prestressed concrete is: A structural material with tensioned steel strands embedded inside, which compress the concrete and give it extra strength Simple pretensioned beams and slabs of spans up to about 7 meters (23 feet): Can be demolished in a manner similar to ordinary reinforced concrete True or False: Electrical detonators can be inadvertently triggered by stray RF (radio frequency) signals from two-way radios true 5/7 A blaster is: A competent person who uses explosives All vehicles used for the transportation of explosives shall have tight floors, and any exposed spark-producing metal on the inside of the body shall be: Covered with wood or other non-sparking material All explosives must be accounted for at all times, and all not being used must be kept in a: locked magazine OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom) is designed to ensure that information about __________and associated protective measures is disseminated. Hazardous chemicals Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and: Safety Data Sheet Under the new HAZCOM/GHS requirements for Safety Data Sheets (SDS's) they must now have 16 total Sections. true -- At the time of their initial assignment Employers must provide employees with effective information and -- Whenever a new hazardous chemical is introduced into their training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: work area The noise exposure measurement your employer makes must include all continuous, intermittent and ______ noise within a range of 80 dB to 130 dB. Impulsive To determine whether employees need hearing protection, employers have to consider: -- The loudness of the noise, as measured in decibels -- The duration of exposure to the noise -- How many sources generate loud noises Audiometric testing monitors an employee's hearing: over time Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. extremely high Symptoms of silicosis ____________ , so workers should have a chest x-ray to see if there is lung damage. may or may not be obvious Which of the following is an element of a hearing conservation program? -- Engineering and Administrative Controls -- Noise monitoring -- Hearing protection to be used Using cranes to hoist material can have serious consequences if the process is not performed properly. Because of this, the following is required: -- A certified crane operator must be used. -- Rigging must be inspected prior to use, be in good shape and have the tag attached. -- A Qualified Rigger is responsible for connecting the crane to the material to be hoisted. True or False: Once a fall protection device has been inspected by a competent person and deemed safe for use by an employee, it is up to the employee to inspect it regularly and ensure that it still meets OSHA requirements. False True or False: Before the advent of OSHA, a cohesive system of separate rules existed that effectively governed the American workplace. These rules were combined under the umbrella of OSHA. False Which industries are employees potentially exposed to silica dust: -- Stone and glass industries -- Construction -- Mining industries Anytime an adapter is used to accommodate a two-hole receptacle, the adapter wire must: be attached to known ground If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet: They must be protected by guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems (PFAS) In noisy jobsites, these are often used to provide instructions to crane and derrick operators: Hand signals 6/7 -- Helped cut work-related fatalities nearly in half and cut excavation and trenching fatalities by more than a third --Helped reduce workplace injuries and illnesses by 40 percent (Your Answer) -- Almost eliminated brown-lung disease from the textile industry Since its implementation in 1971, OSHA has: Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) determine the condition of the structure so that measures can requires that an engineering survey of the structure be conducted be taken, if necessary, to prevent the premature collapse of any by a competent person. The purpose of this survey is: portion of the structure Two of the main differences between the hydraulic rough terrain crane and the crawler lattice boom friction crane are: boom hoist, load line controls True or False: Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards how to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them, and must also prepare a written certification that identifies the employee trained and the date of the training. true The most effective way to prevent exposure to crystalline silica is: Substitution of a product that contains silica with a product that doesn't contain silica 7/7