CSCS Practice Exam Guide

CSCS Practice Exam Each muscle fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue called? Endomysium What is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the myofibril, causing tension development in a muscle? Calcium ions that bind to troponin What type of muscular contraction occurs in the pectoralis major during the slow, controlled, downward phase of a bench press? Eccentric What is the thick structural protein inside the sarcomere? Myosin A muscle fiber that is small in diameter has a slow contraction speed, and a high capillary density would be classified as? Type I Through which of the following valves does blood flow after contraction of the right atrium? Tricupsid During a typical electrocardiogram, atrial depolarization is represented by? P-wave While reading an ECG, electrical potential that depolarizes the ventricles is represented by? QRS complex What blood vessel functions to exchange oxygen, fluid, nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, and other substances between the blood and the interstitial fluid in the various tissues of the body? Capillaries Where are normal rhythmic electrical impulses initiated in the heart? Sinoatrial (SA) node When performing a biceps curl, tension in the biceps brachii muscle increases. Which of the following structures detects and responds to the tension by reflexively reducing muscle activation? Golgi tendon organ An athlete training for a marathon would benefit from having a high concentration of which muscle fiber type? Type I A college football player decides to add 30 minutes of intense stationary cycling every other day to his current resistance training program. Which of the following best describes the effect the stationary cycling will have on his performance? Strength gains compromised Which of the following represents the correct transmission of the heart's electrical impulse? SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers Which of the following represents a muscle of expiration? Internal Intercostal Identify the correct path in which inhaled air is distributed to the lungs. Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli Heavy resistance exercise has what effect on cardiac output? No change What is the value of a metabolic equivalent (MET) 3.5 ml of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute The phosphagen energy system would primarily supply ATP for which of the following activities? 100-m dash Which of the following pathways/systems has the highest capacity for energy production? Oxidation of fats and proteins A male athlete fatigues during the running of a marathon and must pull out of the race, which is the most probable factor that limited his performance in the race. Depleted muscle glycogen Which of the following is the primary energy system at work when the body is at rest? Oxidative ATP used during the 400-m dash would be primarily supplied from what energy system? Fast glycolysis Which of the following has the greatest influence on the energy system used for a given exercise? Intensity Which energy system results in the formation of the organic end product lactic acid? Fast glycolysis 1 / 11 A female weightlifter is only able to complete 8 repetitions of a 10 RM set of power cleans. Which of the following factors is the least likely to have contributed to her missed repetitions? Fat Stores You decide to use interval training to stress the phosphagen energy system, which of the following would be an appropriate work to rest period ratio? 1:15 Aerobic training added to the training of anaerobic athletes (Combination Training) can lead to all of the following EXCEPT? Increased speed All of the following are physiological roles of growth hormone EXCEPT Increase glycogen synthesis Which of the following exercises would promote the highest increase in serum testosterone concentrations? 3 sets of deadlifts at 90% of one-repetition maximum Growth hormone stimulates what organ to secrete Insulin-Like Growth Factors? Liver Which of the following variables would promote the greatest increased serum testosterone levels? Short rest intervals (30 sec to 1 min) Growth hormone is secreted by which of the following? Anterior Pituitary Which of the following locations produce testosterone in women? Ovaries and Adrenal Gland All of the following are important signal mechanisms for IGF release EXCEPT? Testosterone Catecholamines act as all of the following EXCEPT? Vasoconstrictors For women still having a menstrual cycle, which of the following hormones is higher than men at rest? Growth Hormone The skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum are referred to as the? Axial Skeleton The sutures of the skull are an example of what type of joint? Fibrous When passing a basketball which muscles act as the agonist and antagonist? Agonist: Triceps, Antagonist: Biceps A lever in which the muscle force and resistive force act on opposite sides of the fulcrum is referred to as? First class A volleyball player is performing standing plantar flexion against resistance. Which of the following types of levers occurs at the ball of the foot during this exercise? Second class Punting a football requires flexion of the hip that occurs in which plane of action? Sagittal Which of the following shoulder movements and planes of action are associated with a tennis backhand? Abduction/transverse During freestyle swimming, which of the following muscles acts as a synergist to the deltoid with regards to upper arm movement? Infraspinatus Which of the following represents the equation for Power? Work / Time How much work is required to lift a 100 kg barbell 2 m for 5 repetitions? 9,800 J If it takes 30 seconds to lift a 100 kg barbell 2 m for 6 repetitions, what is the power output? 392 W Which type of muscle arrangement is NOT matched with the correct muscle example? Biceps Brachii: Longitudinal All of the following are advantages of weight stack machines EXCEPT? Simulation of real life activities An athlete is utilizing a cycle ergometer and in order to increase the intensity she turns the knob which controls the brake pad, this type of resistance is referred to as? Friction 2 / 11 The normal lumbar spine has what kind of curvature? Lordotic Of the following back postures during lifting, which has been found to be the best at avoiding injury? Slightly Arched Which of the following occurs as result of heavy resistance training? Decreased Mitochondrial Density Which of the following would result in increased motor cortex activity? When an athlete learns a new sprinting technique A 13 year old boy is just beginning a resistance training program, at this stage which type of adaptations will predominate? Neural With regards to muscular hypertrophy, which fiber type shows the greatest increases in size? Type II All of the following are principles of training to increase bone strength EXCEPT? Type of load Which of the following cells are responsible for new bone formation? Osteoblasts Acute cardiovascular responses to anaerobic exercise result in all of the following EXCEPT? Increased blood flow to resting muscles Which of the following is one of the most commonly measured adaptations to aerobic endurance training? Maximum oxygen uptake Adaptations to aerobic endurance training include all of the following EXCEPT? Increased blood lactate concentrations The pressure against the arterial walls when no blood is being forcefully ejected by the heart is referred to as? Diastolic During aerobic exercise, blood flow to the active muscles is? Increased by dilation of arterioles All of the following physiological changes occur with aerobic endurance training EXCEPT? Increased muscle strength A male cross country runner is suspected of suffering from overtraining, all of the following are markers of Aerobic overtraining EXCEPT? Increased percentage of body fat Which of the following adjustments occur during prolonged altitude exposure? Increased blood viscosity Following detraining, a marathon runner will first notice a decline in maximal? Oxygen consumption Which factor is primarily responsible for the significant improvements in strength of preadolescent boys and girls from resistance training? Neurological Youth resistance training guidelines include all of the following EXCEPT? 3 consecutive training sessions per week are recommended When comparing absolute strength between men and women, which of the following statements is true? In terms of absolute strength women are generally weaker than men An area of special emphasis when designing a resistance training program for women is? Development of the upper body As a strength and conditioning professional you should be aware that female basketball players are six times more likely than males to injure what body part? ACL In order to help prevent injuries in female athletes it is important to stress which of the following? Optimize dietary intake A 67 year old female was found to have a bone mineral density -1.5 standard deviations below the young adult mean and would like to begin a resistance training program. Based on her bone mineral density she would be classified as having? Osteopenia Bodyfat 3 / 11 All of the following show decreases with the normal aging process EXCEPT? A 10 year old boy is beginning a resistance training program, all of the following are likely benefits EXCEPT? Increased muscle hypertrophy You are designing a training program for a 70 year old female golfer, which of the following should be evaluated first? Medical history The ideal performance state includes all of the following EXCEPT? A wide focus of attention basketball player at the free throw line during a close game experiences tense muscles, an elevated heart rate, and the butterflies, which type of anxiety do these physical Somatic anxiety During a field goal attempt, the kicker blocks out the crowd noise and the opposing players to focus specifically on the task at hand, this is referred to as? Selectiveattention The ability to effective manage many environmental stimuli simultaneously refers to which dispositional style? Broad external attentional focus The women's soccer coach felt the team hustled especially hard at today's practice and announced that no wind sprints would be required at the end of practice. Which type of motivational phenomena does this relate to? Negative reinforcement All of the following factors affect optimal arousal and subsequent performance EXCEPT? Sex A college basketball player steps to the free throw line and imagines setting up, shooting, sinking the free throw, and what the crowd reaction will be before actually taking the shot. What is this athlete engaging in? Mental imagery Any high school wrestler who achieves 100 wins in his career has his name and picture placed on the wall of the gym. This is an example of? Positive reinforcement A gymnast has a desire to perform to the best of her potential. This is an example of? Intrinsic motivation Which of the following factors appear to b responsible for the strength benefits from anabolic steroids? Increased protein synthesis During medical screening by a physician all of the following might suggest anabolic steroid use EXCEPT? HDL Cholesterol level >50 mg/dl All of the following are functions of Human Growth Hormone EXCEPT? Decreased uptake of amino acids Which of the following is a protein primarily produced in the kidney that stimulates new red blood cells? Erythropoietin An athlete who is blood doping would likely experience a substantial increase in what lab values? Hematocrit and Hemoglobin Which of the following have affects such as lipolysis and thermogenesis and have been found to increase lean mass and decrease stored fat? Beta-Adrenergic Agonists Muscle uptake of creatine can be enhanced by pairing it with which of the following? Carbohydrates Caffeine improves athletic performance by all of the following EXCEPT? Decreased urine output All of the following are true regarding dietary supplements EXCEPT? They may be advertised as food replacements The BEST way to assess the amount of fluid an athlete lost during a single workout is the Change in the athlete's weight observed on a balance scale Which of the following is a macronutrient? Protein 4 / 11 Which of the following will a female soccer player utilize the MOST during a game? Carbohydrate Which of the following is the MOST important for tissue repair in the strength and power athlete? Protein What is the primary source of fuel for a 120 min low intensity workout on a rowing ergometer? Fat What portion of total fat calorie intake should consist of saturated fats? 10% or less What is the recommended HDL level in order to protect against heart disease? Greater than or equal to 60 Which of the following should you recommend if an athlete's goal is to rapidly replenish glucose and glycogen after a workout? High-GI food Which of the following MET levels has the highest caloric cost of exercise? 10.0 Which mode of exercise requires the greatest amount of protein intake? Heavy resistance training What is the BEST recommendation for how far from a competition should an athlete begin carbohydrate loading? 3 days A freshman wrestler has to drop a weight category and increase lean muscle mass before the season begins. Which is the MOST appropriate action for you to take? Refer to the school's nutritionist A 220 lb athlete has lost 2 lbs during practice. How much water does the athlete need drink to replace the lost weight? 2 pints Which of the following refers to the degree to which a test or test item measures what it is supposed to measure? Validity Which of the following refers to the degree of consistency or repeatability of a test? Reliability When selecting a test for use all of the following should be taken into account EXCEPT? Height of Athlete You are about to perform a sequence of tests on a male basketball player. The tests are vertical jump, skinfold measurements, 1 RM Skinfold measurements, Vertical jump, T-Test, 1 RM back squat back squat, and T-Test. What should be the proper sequence of these tests? All of the following tests would have good predictive validity for a potential soccer player EXCEPT? Muscular strength of the arms Which of the following would be the most valid test for measuring a volleyball player's muscular power? Vertical Jump A test that reflects low-speed muscular strength and utilizes relatively low movement speeds would be which of the following? Maximum Muscular Strength All of the following are examples of Anaerobic Power/Maximum Muscular Power (High Speed Strength) tests EXCEPT? 1 RM Bench Press An athlete performs a vertical jump height test followed by 1RM test of his back squat. What is the primary energy source utilized during these tests? ATP All of the following would represent tests of local muscular endurance EXCEPT? Maximum number of chin-ups in 1 minute with 5 seconds rest every 10 seconds You would like to test a freshmen soccer player's aerobic capacity, which of the following activities would be the best measure? 1600 meter dash Which of the following tests would be the best to measure a basketball player's ability to start, stop, and change direction of her body rapidly? T-test 200 m 5 / 11 You want to provide a measure of a running back's speed, tests of speed are usually not conducted over distances greater than which of the following? Anthropometry is the science of measurement applied to the human body, and measurements generally include all of the following EXCEPT? Flexibility Which of the following represents a correct procedure during the application of the Sit-and-Reach-Test? The tester may hold the athlete's kneed down if necessary When taking skinfolds of an athlete the midaxilla measurement is represented by which of the following? Vertical fold on the midaxillary line at the level of the xiphoid process All of the following affect flexibility EXCEPT? Race and Height A punter is utilizing static stretches to increase his hamstring length, how long should this type of stretching be held at the point of minor discomfort? 30 sec Which type of stretching has been shown to increase the risk of injuring muscles connective tissue, especially when there has been a previous injury? Ballistic A college long jumper utilizes low-intensity bounding prior to his event. This type of warm-up would be considered? Specific A track sprinter performing long walking strides that emphasize hip extension would be utilizing what type of stretching? Dynamic In order to stretch her hamstring muscle group a college soccer player asks a partner to passively move her hip into flexion, after a 10 s stretch the partner continues to move the leg further into hip flexion while the soccer player resists the movement, after 6 s she relaxes and the partner further moves her leg into hip flexion. This type of stretching is referred to as? PNF All of the following are types of basic PNF stretching EXCEPT? Hold-Relax with Antagonist Contraction A golfer would like to incorporate PNF stretching into his program to improve his flexibility, and asks you what the most effective PNF stretching technique is? Hold-Relax with Agonist Contraction Contracting the hamstrings muscle group while it is passively being stretched stimulates the Golgi Tendon Organ and allows which of the following? Relaxation of the hamstrings by contraction of the hamstrings Which of the following is the least likely to invoke the stretch reflex by avoiding stimulation of the muscle spindles? Static Stretch During a reverse curl and athlete's palms are down and her knuckles are up, this grip is referred to as? Pronated Which muscle is recruited to achieve hip extension during the snatch? Gluteus maximus A spotter is required for? Flat barbell bench During the flat bench press the spotter should? use an alternated grip You are instructing and athlete in the weight room, the correct grip for the hammer curl is? neutral Which of the following exercise does NOT require concentric activation of the brachialis? Wrist curl You are observing a group of football players performing the deadlift, which of the following is a common error? extending the knees before the hips during the upward movement Instruction for breathing during the dumbbell bench press should include? exhale through the sticking point Two spotters are utilized for the? front squat liftoff 6 / 11 You are spotting an athlete during the bench press and move the bar from the upright supports to a position in which the athlete can begin the exercise. This is called? During which of the following exercises should a spotter's hands be placed on the athlete's wrists? dumbbell incline bench press Which of the following exercises would the valsalva maneuver be most useful to athlete trying to maintain proper vertebral alignment and support? standing shoulder press You are instructing a female soccer player on the deadlift. Correct technique for lifting a bar off of the floor would include all of the following EXCEPT? Lift the bar up to your chest before standing You are assisting a freshmen football player during his workout and provide spotting during the execution of all of the following exercises EXCEPT? Power Clean While spotting a basketball player during the incline bench press you should provide assistance when? When the designated sound or signal is performed You are observing an athlete perform the Bent-over row and notice which of the following technique flaws that needs correction? Torso flexed so it is slightly below parallel to floor A softball player elects to use the vertical (machine) chest press, in order to ensure proper alignment for the exercise the handles should be at the level of what anatomical landmark? Nipples Proper spotting of the forward lunge has the spotter? Stepping forward with the same leg as the lifter's lead leg You are observing an athlete performing power cleans and notice an error during the Catch phase. Which of the following would need correction? A flexed torso An evaluation of the requirements and characteristics of the sport and an athlete assessment is known as? Needs analysis A core exercise that emphasizes loading of the spine directly or indirectly is known as? Structural exercise The barbell biceps curl would be classified as what type of exercise? Assistance exercise Which of the following exercises would be related to ball dribbling and passing for a female college basketball player? Close-grip bench press Which of the following refers to the number of training sessions completed in a given time period? Training frequency A junior high soccer player is just beginning a resistance training program, based on his beginner training status, what is the recommended number of resistance training sessions per week he should train? 2-3 A collegiate softball player trains her back and biceps one day and her chest and triceps the next day. What type of training program is she utilizing? Split routine A college football offensive lineman has entered the offseason, and will resume his resistance training program after a period of active rest. What is the recommended frequency of resistance training sessions per week during the offseason? 4-6 You are instructing an athlete on exercise order during her training session, which of the following would represent the proper sequence of exercises? Power clean, Squat, Leg extension All of the following are examples of a push and pull arrangement EXCEPT? Triceps extension, Bench press An athlete performs 10 repetitions of a standing barbell curl, then immediately switches 7 / 11 to dumbbells and performs 10 repetitions of hammer curl exercises. This represents what type of set? Compound What percentage of the 1RM allows an athlete to perform 6 repetitions of a given exercise? 85 A high school wrestler is looking to increase his overall strength. What percentage of his 1 RM should he be working with? 90 You observe an athlete performing 10 repetitions of an exercise, based on the number of repetitions performed this athlete is most likely trying to increase? Muscle hypertrophy A defensive lineman is training to increase his strength. Which of the following rest period lengths would maximize his goal? 2-5 minutes A male cross country runner is working on improving his upper body muscular endurance, which of the following number of sets of a given exercise would help maximize his goal? 3 The minimum landing surface dimensions for a plyometric box is 18 x 24 inches To assess an athlete's preparedness to participate in a plyometric training program the standing squat balance test requires the position to be held for 30 seconds Athletes weighing over 220 lbs should not perform depth jumps from heights greater than 18 inches How much weight should a 250 lb linebacker be able to bench press before beginning an upper body plyometric program? 250 lbs You are instructing a volleyball player on the proper execution of the jump and reach drill. During this lower body plyometric drill, arm action would be described as? Double The force used to return the ball to the partner during the 45degree sit-up should come primarily from the Abdominals The reflexive component of plyometric exercise is primarily initiated by? MuscleSpindle 177. For lower body plyometrics, over a 5 second period the athlete should be able to perform? 5 repetitions with 60% of body weight All of the following are components of the stretch-shortening cycle EXCEPT Isometric You are setting up a series of plyometric drills for the women's basketball team, which of the following surfaces is best suited for this type of training? Suspended Wood Floor Running speed is the interaction between? Stride length and stride frequency What stage of sprinting consists of eccentric hip flexion, concentric knee extension and concentric plantar flexion? Latesupport In order to achieve high stride frequency and optimal stride length and athlete should do all of the following EXCEPT? Maximize the vertical impulse and horizontal braking forces You would like to increase the intensity of plyometric drills for a volleyball player, changing all of the following would result in an increase in intensity EXCEPT? Decreasing jump height A high school running back approaches you and asks how he can improve his sprinting and agility. Which of the following is the primary method for improving sprinting and agility performance? Execution of sound technique Which of the following has the greatest impact on a wide receiver's maximum velocity during the 40 yard dash? Stridefrequency During the early support phase of the sprint cycle which movement helps absorb shock and control forward rotation of the tibia over the ankle? Eccentric plantar flexion 8 / 11 Cardiovascular adaptations to endurance training include all of the following EXCEPT? Increased submaximal hear rate Respiratory adaptations to endurance training include which of the following? Decreased submaximal respiratory rate Musculoskeletal adaptations to endurance training include all of the following EXCEPT? Decreased mitochondrial density For cyclists, which of the following would result in a decrease in exercise economy? Increased cycling velocity You instruct a cross country runner to perform 4 training sessions per week; this represented what aerobic endurance training variable? Frequency When deciding to use heart rate as a method of prescribing exercise intensity, you must keep in mind that age contributes what percentage to the variability of heart rate? 75% What is the age-predicted maximum heart rate of a 50 year old male who is 6 foot tall and weighs 180 lbs with a resting heart rate of 70 beats per min? 170 Using the Karvonen method, what is the target heart rate of a 65 year old male who will be working out at 50-60% of his functional capacity? He is 6 foot tall and weighs 175 lbs with a resting heart rate of 80 beats per min. 118-125 All of the following aerobic endurance training methods have the correct associated exercise intensity EXCEPT? Interval - ~40% of V02 max What represents a mode of training that can be used to maintain general conditioning in athletes during periods of reduced training due to injury or during recovery from a training cycle? Cross Training A high school wrestler injured his right shoulder and stopped his training regimen over the last 3 weeks, what has occurred? Detraining Improving weaknesses and maintaining strengths of the athlete typically occur during which sport season? In-Season An athlete is performing exercises with 50-75% of her 1RM for 3-6 sets of 10-20 repetitions. She is at a time of year when she has no competitions, what phase of her preparatory period is she likely in? Hypertrophy/Endurance Phase A sprinter is spending the next 3 weeks after his competitive season to rest physically and mentally by performing swimming and light resistance training, what period of his training is he likely in? Second transition period During which stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) does the body lose its ability to adapt to the stressor? Exhaustion For a high school soccer player, which of the following best describes the relationship between resistance exercise intensity and volume at the end of the preparatory period? High intensity, Low volume Which of the following best describes appropriate activity during the competition period for a college football wide receiver? Sprinting specific plyometric drills Which of the following is considered an open kinetic chain exercise? Leg extension Which of the following types of activity would not be recommended during the inflammatory phase of an ankle sprain? Depth jumps A soccer player sprained his left MCL 6 days ago, what stage of the tissue healing is he most likely in? Inflammation Phase A softball player is rehabilitating her shoulder and utilizing the De Lorme resistance training program. She is ready for her third and 9 / 11 final set of the standing dumbbell lateral raise exercise. Which of the following repetition and load schemes should she choose? 10 repetitions at 100% of the 10 RM During the remodeling phase of biceps tendinitis rehabilitation, what exercise repetition range is most appropriate for improving endurance of the biceps muscle? 12-20 Which does not occur during the inflammation phase of tissue healing? Increased collagen synthesis Collagen fiber production, decreased collagen fiber organization, and decreased number of inflammatory cells describe events that occur during what phase of tissue healing? Repair A female cross country runner is rehabbing her left knee and is now in the remodeling phase of tissue healing. Which of the following is not a goal or strategy during this stage of her rehabilitation? Prevent new tissue disruption Which of the following would NOT be considered an open kinetic chain exercise? Front Squat When scheduling training sessions in the strength and conditioning facility, priority is given to which teams? Those that are in-season You are scheduling a high school football team's use of the strength and conditioning facility, the staff to athlete ratio should be? 1:15 Which of the following would represent a recommended temperature range for the strength and conditioning facility? 72-78° You have been approached by administration to begin planning for a new strength and conditioning facility on the college campus and begin conducting a feasibility study, this would occur during which phase of new facility design? Predesign Even though only one athlete at a time performs an exercise in the Olympic lifting area, the space should accommodate at least? 3-4 people What is recommended minimum distance between the floor and the bottom of the mirrors on the walls in the strength and conditioning facility? 20 inches Benches should be spaced so that there is a minimum of how many inches between barbell ends? 36 inches The main goal of a strength and conditioning program is to Improve athletic performance All of the following should be required of the Strength and Conditioning Director EXCEPT? Personal workouts For the second time this week a member of the football team was observed squatting outside the rack. He was reminded of the facility rules and guidelines during the last incident. What is the strength and conditioning director's most appropriate action at this time? Dismissal from the facility for one day All of the following would be responsibilities of the Facility Supervisor EXCEPT Develop the annual budget All of the following statements about the First Aid Kit in the strength and conditioning facility should are true EXCEPT It can be opened by staff or athletes You have decided to include tire flips as part of the offseason conditioning program for the offensive lineman on the college football team. All of the following are true with regards to tire selection and exercise setup EXCEPT? The tire should not be shorter than the athlete 10 / 11 You are instructing a female volleyball player on the 2-arm kettlebell swing. At approximately what level should she forcefully swing the kettlebell to? Shoulder Stationary medicine ball throws would be sport specific and mimic body positioning during all of the following EXCEPT? Tennis Groundstroke You observe an athlete utilizing heavy rope training; she has each end of the rope in her hands and is alternating the up and down movement of each of her arms to produce motion along the rope. She maintains the flow of the motion for 30 seconds at a time then rests for 1 minute. This type of heavy rope training is commonly referred to as? Alternating Waves 11 / 11