Individual Assignment For Sociology Course

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT FOR SOCIOLOGY COURSE Material: Definition of Sociology According to Experts 1. Write the definition of sociology according to experts Sociology comes from the Latin word socius which means friend and logos which means science. Sociology in general is a science that studies the relationship between friends and friends, namely the relationship between individuals and individuals, individuals and their groups or groups with other groups and the processes that arise from social relations in society. a. Definition of sociology according to experts • Roucek and Warren, Sociology is a science that studies social relations in society between individuals and their groups, this means that humans are social beings who cannot live alone so they need the help of other humans. • Pitirim A. Sorokin, Sociology is a science that studies the relationship and influence of reciprocal relationships between various social phenomena such as economics and religion, and also studies social phenomena and non-social phenomena such as geographical phenomena. • A. A. Von Dorn and C.J. Lammers, Sociology is a study of knowledge that provides an explanation of social structures and life processes in living a stable social life. • Selo Soemardjan and Soelaeman Soemardi, Sociology is a science that studies the entire network of important social elements and the reciprocal influence of various aspects of life including social change. • Astrid S. Susanto, Sociology is a science that studies the symptoms in society that occur repeatedly. Soerjono Soekanto, Sociology is a knowledge that focuses on paying attention to society in general and tries to provide patterns of community life, so that social conflict does not occur. • Emile Durkheim, Sociology is a study of knowledge that studies social facts. Social facts are ways of acting, thinking and feeling outside the individual that have the power to force individuals to obey them because if they violate they will be sanctioned by society. • George Simmel, Sociology is a science that explains specific phenomena in society. • Hebert Spencer, Sociology is a study of knowledge that explains the structure, social processes in society that are considered to be structures and processes are social systems that influence human life, as a whole. • Kingsley Davis, Sociology is a general science about society. • Talcott Parson, Sociology is a study of social action as a unit formed from related parts such as goals, situations, motivations and rules that are interrelated. • Charles Horton Cooley, Sociology is a science that develops concepts about reciprocal relationships and inseparable relationships between individuals and society. 2. The Concept of Sociology According to Herbert Spencer According to Herbert Spencer, the definition of sociology itself is a science that will investigate various existing structures and also the process of social life with various forms of the whole or in a system. Sociology is a form of science that will discuss various forms of aspects that exist in society and various forms of influence that exist in human life. The term use of sociology was first uttered by Auguste Comte which would be expanded to become a form of scientific discipline against Emile Durkheim. The development of sociology itself would become a form of science that would be divided into four stages, namely the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the period of sociology to become a science of society, and the period of sociology to become an independent scientific method. 3. Sociology Concept According to George Simmel George Simmel has an assumption where sociology is a form of science that must be owned as a goal that will describe, classify, analyze and also conduct various forms of investigation into the existence of social relations in society. Sociology in this case is a form of science that will discuss various forms of aspects that exist in society and have a great influence on human life. In this case, the term sociology itself was first uttered by Auguste Come which eventually became a scientific discipline carried out by Emile Durkheim. Then the development of sociology is divided into four stages starting from the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the period when sociology became a science about society using methods from other sciences and the period when sociology used methods that it had itself. 4. Sociological Concept According to Selo Sumardjan Based on the existing discussion, Selo Sumardjan and Soelaeman Soemardi have an opinion where Sociology is a social science that will study social structures and also various forms of social processes with various forms of social change that exist. In essence, sociology has the following meanings: • Sociology is a social science, not included in natural sciences or exact sciences because it will study various symptoms in society. • Sociology will be included in a scientific discipline category not included in the field of normative scientific disciplines because sociology discusses itself from what happens and not what should happen. • Sociology will be included in pure science and during its development will become an applied science. • Sociology is a form of science that is empirical and also rational and in this case will concern the methods that will be used. 5. Definition of Sociology According to Emile Durkheim According to Emile Durkheim, sociology is a science that studies various forms of social facts, namely facts that are formed from ways of acting, thinking, and feeling certain things. In this case, David Emile Durkheim is someone who is considered to be a pioneer of modern sociology. In this case, he created the first faculty of sociology at a European University in 1895 and he also published the first journal to discuss social sciences, L'Annee Sociologique in 1896. His concern for humans is basically on how a society can defend all kinds of integrity and coherence in modern times, in this case the background of religion or ethnicity which together no longer exists. To study this science, Durkheim created scientific knowledge of social phenomena in society. 6. Definition of Sociology According to Charles Horton Coley In this case, Charles Horton Coley's understanding of sociology is a form of science that will develop concepts in imposing reciprocal relationships or relationships that will not be separated between individuals and society in an area. In this case, the essence of sociology is basically: It is a form of social science which is not a science or a definite science because it will study all forms of social phenomena. It is a form of scientific discipline in terms of categories, not a form of normative scientific discipline because sociology has to limit itself from what will happen, not what should happen. It is a form of pure science in the development of sociology to become an applied science. It is a form of empirical and rational science which will concern a method that will be used. 7. Definition of Sociology According to Talcott Parsons Based on the discussion, it can be found that according to Talcott Parsons, sociology is a social action that will be given an influence on the existence of goals, situations, motivations to rules that bind. There are several types of nature in the use of sociology, in this case are: • It is a form of social science and not a natural science or exact science because it will learn from various forms of social phenomena. • It is a form of scientific field of category which is not a form of normative science because sociology will limit itself from what happens and not what should happen. • It is a form of pure science where in the development of this science itself it will become an applied science. • It is a form of empirical or rational science which will be included in the method that will be used. 8. Sociology According to Kingsley Davis Sociology According to Kingsley Davis is a general science of society. Then, basically sociology has the following basic nature, namely: • Sociology is a science that comes from social science and not from natural science or exact science because it will learn from various kinds of social phenomena. • Sociology is a form of science that learns scientific discipline categories and is not included in the field of normative scientific discipline because sociology limits itself to what will happen and not what should happen. • Sociology will be included in pure science and in its development a sociology will become an applied science. • Sociology becomes an abstract science and is not a concrete science in this case the concern is a form and also a pattern of events that exist in society as a whole and not a particular event. • Sociology is a form of empirical and rational science which will concern an existing method.