Electricity and Magnetism Notes Answer Key

Unit Topic: Electricity and Magnetism Essential Question: How do electricity and magnets exert forces and interact with each other? Concept 1: Charge Concept 2: Current Concept 3: Circuits! Concept 4: Magnets! Objectives: Objectives: Objectives: Objectives: Understand the structure of an atom in relation to how electricity works. Describe the motion of electrons in a current. Interpret circuit drawings and diagrams. Explain why magnetic poles cannot be isolated. Describe how charges are able to act at a distance. Perform calculations using Ohm’s Law given a scenario or labeled picture. Vocabulary: Relate the properties of magnets to Earth’s magnetic field. Vocabulary: Vocabulary: Static electricity Electric field Electroscope Conductor Insulator Static discharge Grounding Current Voltage difference Resistance Ohm’s Law Practice: 7. Practice: 1. List the 3 subatomic particles, their charges, and where they are located in an atom. 2. Describe the 3 “rules” of charge. 3. Provide examples of materials that make good conductors vs. insulators. 4. Explain the three ways charge can be transferred. 5. Draw a picture and use it to explain how charge can be induced on an object. 6. Explain how lightning works. Differentiate between the effects of an open vs. closed circuit. 8. Explain how a battery works. 9. Describe the four factors that affect resistance. 10. Explain the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit. 11. Calculate the current flowing through the circuit of a toy car that has a resistance of 20 ohms and is powered by a 3 volt battery. 12. Calculate the voltage difference in a circuit with a resistance of 25 ohms if the current is 0.5 amps. Circuit Ammeter Voltmeter Fuse Circuit breaker Practice: 13. Use a diagram to compare and contrast series and parallel circuits. Include realworld examples of each. 14. Draw a series circuit with one battery, a 2 ohm resistor, a light bulb, and a switch to turn the whole circuit off. 15. Draw a parallel circuit with two batteries, 3 light bulbs, switches to turn each light off, and a switch to turn the whole circuit off. Vocabulary: Magnetism Magnet Magnetic field Ferromagnetism Electromagnet Electric motor Generator Practice: 16. Describe the force that exists between magnetic objects. Include where it is the strongest, and how this force acts similarly to other forces we’ve learned about (such as electrical force and gravitational force.) 17. Explain the relationship between magnetic fields and magnetic force. 18. Differentiate between the magnetic domains of magnetic elements vs. nonmagnetic elements. You may include a picture if that helps. 19. Explain the relationship between electricity and magnetism. 20. List the two ways to increase the strength of an electromagnet. Lab Stations: Exploring Electricity Answer the questions from each station in the boxes below. You do not have to go in order, you just need to make sure you get to every station! Take the time to explore at each one! Station 1 Station 2 Puzzling Paper Soda silliness Station 3 Station 4 Match Magic Paper Plate phenomenon Station 5 Station 6 Water wonders Hilarious hair Concept 1 Notes: Charge Questions/Vocabulary Matter Atom Static Electricity Charge “Rules” Electric Field Detecting Charge Materials Conductors Transfer of Charge 1. Conduction 2. Friction 3. Induction Insulators Static Discharge Removing Charge Summary Concept 1 What is electric charge and what are the different ways it can be transferred? Practice: Electric Charge Answer the following questions. You may need a separate sheet of paper. 1. Protons have electric charge. Electrons have electric charge. Most atoms are electrically electric charge. Neutrons have because the number of protons equals the number of electrons. Atoms with an electric charge become charged by gaining or losing . When this charge becomes built up on an object, we call that build up 2. There are three basic rules of electric charge. Opposite charges . , like charges , and the law of conservation of charge. What does it state? 3. All charged objects exert a force that can cause other charges to move. What is the force that charged objects give off called? What else can it do? 4. Some materials are good at transferring electric charge. They are called . Other materials are not good at transferring electric charge. They are called . Metals are good at transferring electric charge. Based on what you know about charge (think about what you wrote in #1 about the structure of an atom) what do you think it is about metals structurally that allows them to transfer charge easily? 5. There are three main ways to transfer electric charge. List and describe each below, in your words. Then include a picture or a real-world example of each. Concept 2 Notes: Current Questions/Vocabulary Electric Current Voltage Difference Circuit Battery Resistance Affected by 4 factors: 1. 2. 3. 4. Ohm’s Law Example #1: What is the voltage difference that flows through a copper wire if a current of 0.75 amps is flowing through it? The resistance of the wire is 10 ohms. Practice Time Summary Concept 2 Describe the relationship between current, voltage difference, and resistance in a circuit. Practice: Ohm’s Law Answer the following questions. Make sure to show all work to receive credit. You may need a separate sheet of paper. 1. What voltage produces a current of 100 amps with a resistance of 50 ohms? 2. A 12 V battery produces a current of 6 amps. What is the resistance? 3. Silver has a resistance of 0.0198 ohms. What voltage would produce a current of 250 amps? 4. What is the current produced by a potential difference of 120 volts through a resistance of 0.8 ohms? 5. What resistance would produce a current of 120 amps from a 6 V battery? 6. A current of 310 amps is flowing through a copper wire with a resistance of 30 ohms. What is the voltage? 7. A 9 V battery produces a current of 18 amps. What is the resistance? 8. What resistance would produce a current of 350 amps with a potential difference of 2,500 volts?