Muscle and Bone: Structure and Disorders

1/carpus bones forms..............part of hand's ones A)distal B)proximal C)intermediate 2/humerus articulates with scapula at……… A)acromion B)coracoid process C)supraspinous fossa D)glenoid fossa 3/humerus articulate with ulna at........while with radius at………. A)trachlea/capitulum B)capitulum/trachlea C)radial tuberosity/capitulum D)none of the above 4/radius articulate with ........./........... of carpal bones A)scaphoid /lunate B)scaphoid/triquetral C)pisiform/triquetral D)lunate/pisiform 5/radius is often fractured by a fall on an outstretched arm "colles fracture" A)true B)False 6/the most medial carpal bone in proximal row……….. A)scaphoid B)pisiform C)lunate D)triquetral 7/pectoralis minor shares in ...........&............of shoulder joint movement A)protraction&depression B)protraction&retraction C)depression&elevation D)rotation&protraction 8/the nerve that supplies the muscle that share in rotation of shoulder girdle is………… A)medial pectoral nerve B)spinal accessory nerve C)long thoracic nerve D)dorsal scapular nerve 9/glenohumeral joint stability is provided by………… A)rotator cuff muscles B)long head of biceps brachii C)extracapsular ligament D)all of the above 10/muscles share in internal rotation of glenohumeral joint is……… A)pectoralis minor B)teres minor C)posterior fibers of deltoid muscle D)all of the above E)none of the above 11/axillary nerve supplies……….. A)teres minor B)deltoid C)triceps D)a&b E)none of the above 12/fall on outstretched hand may lead to…………. A)colles fraction B)dislocation of superior radio-ulnar joint C)fraction of clavicle D)a&b E)b&c 13/muscles share in flexion & extension of elbow joint are mainly supplied by radial nerve A)True B)False 14/elbow joint is..............while glenohumeral joint is………….. A)hinge & ball and socket joint B)ball and socket & hinge joint C)plane & ball and socket joint D)hinge & ellipsoid 15/muscles that share in dorsiflexion of radiocarpal joint are mainly innervated by……….. radial nerve A)radial & median nerves B)radial & ulnar nerves C)none of the above 16/all of the following is hinge joint except……… A)elbow joint B)interphalangeal joints C)glenohumeral joint D)b&c 17/thumb joint is A)saddle joint B)the first carpo-metacarpal joint C)articulation between trapezoid and first metacarpal bone D)a&b E)all of the above 18/Pectoralis major A)powerful abductor and latral rotator of the humerus B)inserts into the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus C)can act as an accessory muscle of inspiration D)It assists the serratus anterior muscle in drawing the scapula forwards round the chest wall 19/Pectoralis minor A)inserts into the lateral tip of the intertubecular groove of the humerus B)is supplied by the subclavian nerve C)Origin from the upper eight ribs D)insert in coracoid process of the scapula 20/Which of the following is INCORRECT about Pectoralis minor A)arises from the 3rd, 4th and 5th ribs B)inserts into the coracoid process of the scapula C)is innervated by medial pectoral nerves D)Lateral rotation and adduction of the humerus 21/Which of the following is INCORRECT about Pectoralis major A)medially rotates and adducts humerus B)can act as an accessory muscle of inspiration C)The clavicular portion flex the humerus to the chest wall D)innervated by lateral pectoral nerve only 22/The nerve supply of pectoralis minor is from the A)medial pectoral nerves B)lateral pectoral nerves C)long thoracic nerve D)axillary nerve 23/Protraction of shoulder girdle is done by A)Teres minor B)Rhomboideus minor C)Petoralis minor D)Levator scapula 24/Deltoid muscle is supplied by which nerve A)Radial nerve B)Ulnar nerve C)Axillary nerve D)Median nerve 25/Rotator cuff muscles are the followings except A)Teres major B)Teres minor C)Supraspinatus D)Subscapularis 26/Muscle supplied by musculo-cutaneous nerve and supinates the palm is……….. A)Deltoid B)Pectoralis major C)Biceps D)Triceps 27/all of the following are actions of deltoid except A)medial rotation of the arm B)lateral rotation of the arm C)adduction of the humerus D)none of the above 28/all muscles that form rotate cuff,Lateral rotation and adduction of the humerus aren't considered from it's action except A)Supraspinatus B)Infraspinatus C)Teres minor D)b&c 29/muscle that has dual nerve supply is A)coracobrachialis B)biceps C)triceps D)brachialis 30/the process that it's posterior part of it's upper surface that is considered as an insertion for triceps, prevents over-extension of elbow joint A)true B)False 31/All of the following is one of superficial muscle of the front of the forearm except a) the palmaris longus b) pronator teres c) flexor carpi ulnaris d) extensor carpi ulnaris 32/All of the following muscles are innervated by median nerve except a) flexor carpi ulnaris b) palmaris longus c) pronator quadratis d) pronator teres 33/When flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and extensor carpi ulnaris muscle work together the final action is a) abduction b) flexion c) extension d) adduction 34/Muscle that is supplied by both median and ulnar nerve acts on a) mainly elbow joint B) interphalengeal joint of thump C) proximal interphalengeal joints of medial 4 fingers D) distal interphalengeal jointsof medial 4 fingers E) C&D 35/Muscle that flexes interphalangeal joint of thump is A) flexor digitorum superficialis B) flexor digitorum profundus C) flexor policis longus D) A&B 36/All of these muscles are supplied by radial nerve, except A) Brachiocardialis B) flexor carpi ulnaris C) extensor carpi radialis brevis D) extensor carpi radialis longus 37/Extensor indicis has action on ……. Digit A) First B) Second C) Third D) Fourth 38/Extensor carpi radialis brevis has actionon ……. Metacarpal A) First B) Second C) Third D) Fourth 39/The action of extensor carpi radialis brevis is …… of the wrist A) Adduction B) Abduction 40/All of the following are muscles of the thenar eminence except a) abductor pollicis brevis b) adductor pollicis c) opponens pollicis d) flexor pollicis brevis 41/All of the following are supplied by the median nerve except A) abductor pollicis longus B) abductor pollicis brevis C) flexor pollicis longus D) flexor pollicis brevis 42/Interossei muscles in the hand A) flex the interphalangeal joints B) assist in the extention of metacarpophalangeal joints C) cannot laterally deviate the middle finger D) are usually supplied by the ulnar nerve 43/The palmar interossei A) abduct the fingers B) are usually supplied by a branch of the ulnar nerve C) arise from the medial side of the metacarpal bone of the index, ring and little fingers D) all of the above 44/A child has gashed the palmar aspect of her wrist on some glass. Which of the following would be evidence of damage to her median nerve? A) inability to flex the distal interphalangeal joint of the index finger B) inability to flex the interphalangeal joint of the thumb C) inability to oppose the thumb and little finger D) inability to abduct the index finger 45/mid2020) the extensor expansion of the ring finger receives tendons from all of the following EXCEPT a) dorsal interosseus b) extensor carpi ulnaris c) extensor digitorum d) lumbrical e) palmar interosseus 46/mid2020) the ulnar nerve a) gives branches to the flexor compartment muscles in the arm b) runs in the spiral groove of the humerus c) supplies the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle d) passes through the carpal tunnel e) supplies all the interosseous muscles of the hand 47/final2020) if the median nerve were severed in an industrial ( accident at the wrist, which of the following muscles would still retain their function? a) flexor pollicis brevis b) opponens pollicis c) abductor pollicis brevis d) adductor pollicis 48/It fixes the pisiform bone during adduction of the little finger A-flexor carpi ulnaris B-flexor carpi radialis C-palmars longus 49/What muscle is innervated by branches of both the median and ulnar nerves? A. Flexor carpi ulnaris B. Pronator quadratus C. Flexor pollicis longus D. Flexor digitorum superficialis E. Flexor digitorum profundus 50/The musle which action is Powerful pronation of the forearm at the superior and inferior radioulnar joints is A. Flexor carpi ulnaris B. Pronator quadratus C. Flexor pollicis longus D. Flexor digitorum superficialis E.Flexor digitorum profundus 51/Supination of the hand and forearm would be diminished by loss of radial nerve function. But one very powerful supinator would remain intact and unaffected, namely A-Brachialis B.Brachioradialis C.Biceps brachii D.Flexor carpi radialis E.Supinator Answers: 1/B 2/D 3/A 4/A 5/B 6/B 7/A 8/B 9/D 10/E 11/D 12/D 13/A 14/A 15/A 16/C 17/D 18/C 19/D 20/D 21/D 22/A 23/C 24/C 25/A 26/C 27/C 28/D 29/D 30/A 31/D 32/A 33/D 34/E 35/C 36/B 37/B 38/C 39/B 40/B 41/A 42/D 43/B 44/C 45/B 46/E 48/A 49/E 50/B 51/C 47/D 1/skeletal muscle is………… A)long,cylindrical,uni-nucleated cells with peripheral nucleus B)long,cylindrical,multi-nucleated cells with central nucleus C)long,banched,multi-nucleated cells with peripheral nucleus D)long,cylindrical,multi-nucleated cells with peripheral nucleus 2/cardiac muscles are non-striated, involuntary muscles A)True B)False 3/smooth muscle is…………. A)fusiform cells with peripheral nucleus, involuntary B)fusiform cells with central nucleus, voluntary C)fusiform cells with peripheral nucleus, voluntary D)fusiform cells with central nucleus, involuntary 4/by LM, skeletal muscle fibers look rounded or polygonal in LS A)true B)False 5/muscle fibers are surrounded by………. A)endomysium B)Perimysium C)epimysium D)none of the above 6/endomysium that surrounds entire muscle is dense irregular CT A)true B)false 7/the second most abundant type of skeletal muscles in blood vessels is………… A)red muscle fibers B)white muscle fibers C)intermediate filaments D)none of the above 8/red muscle fibers contain ..............amount of mitochondria,while white muscle fibers diameter is………… A)large,large B)less than white,large C)large,less than red D)none of the above 9/cytoplasm of skeletal muscle is called sarcolemma A)true B)False 10/myofibrils are composed of thick myosin and thin actin A)true B)False 11/bind with Ca+2 led to contraction............. A)TnC B)TnT C)TnI D)none of the above 12/during contraction, A band ............. while H band………. A)shortened,shortened B)elongated,shortened C)show no change,shortened D)shortened,show no change 13/isotropic band is………. A)composed of actin only B)composed of myosin only C)called j disc D)a&c 14/wall of the aorta is formed of………. A)smooth muscle B)skeletal muscle C)cardiac muscle D)a & maybe c 15/cardiac muscles have large,oval,central nucleus with basophilic cytoplasm A)True B)False 16/skeletal muscle has .........tubular system while cardiac muscle has………. A)triad,triad B)diad,diad C)triad,diad D)diad,triad Answers: 1/D 2/B 12/C 13/D 3/D 14/D 4/B 15/B 5/A 16/A 6/B 7/C 8/A 9/B 10/A 11/A 1/The common site of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is A)Epiphysis of long bone B)Metaphysis of long bone C)Diaphysis of long bone 2/In 90% of cases in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis the causative * organism is A)Staphylococcus albus B)Staphylococcus aureus C)Streptococcus D)Pneumococcus 3/The causes of the bacterial localization in the metaphysis are all of * the following except A)The frequent formation of a hematoma in the vascular metaphysis B)The slow blood flow in the sharply bent metaphyseal blood vessels C)The frequent formation of a hematoma in the vascular epiphysis D)None of the above 4/All of the following about the pathological features of acute * hematogenous osteomyelitis are true except A)The inflamed bone undergoes necrosis due to the bacterial toxins only B)Osteoblasts from the surrounding living bone erode the dead bone which separates forming the .sequestrum C)the sequestrum is a necrotic bone separated from the normal bone D)the involucrum is a shell of bone surround the sequestrum deposited by the periosteum and has holes called cloacae E)A&B 5/The complication of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is A)Chronis non suppurative osteomyelitis B)Primary amyloidosis C)Malignancy in necrotic bone D)Systemic pyemia which leads to multiple pyemic abscess of the different organs 6/All of the following are complications of acute hematogenous * ... osteomyelitis except A)Phlebothrombosis B)Direct spread of infection to muscles and tendons C)Pathological fractured D)Alteration in growth rate due to the affection of epiphyseal plate E)Toxemia and septicemia 7/The acute non hematogenous osteomyelitis may be occurred by all * ...of the following except A)Direct spread of infection from a septic lesion B)Spread of the infection by blood C)Direct spread of infection in compound fracture 8/The common site of acute non hematogenous osteomyelitis in long * bones and skull is A)Epiphysis B)Metaphysis C)Diaphysis 9/The pathological features of acute non hematogenous osteomyelitis * .are all of the following except:a A)Sequestrum B)Involucrum around the sequestrum C)The lesion starts as a suppurative focus D)Subperiosteal abscess * 10/appears as Brodie's abscess........ A)Acute nonheamatogenous osteomyelitis B)Acute heamatogenous osteomyelitis C)Chronic suppurtive osteomyelitis D)Non of the above 11/The commonest disorder of CSO (chronic suppurtive osteomyelitis) * .... is A)Amylodosis B)Sympathetic effusion C)Fracture D)All of the above 12/the most common sites affectd on ............are lower thoracic, upper * lumber vertebrae A)CSO B)Tuberculosis C)Pott's disease D)B,C 13/All of the following are characteristics of osteoporosis except A)It’s caused by senility B)The trabeculae are decreased in number and thickness C)The trabeculae aren’t completely calcified D)It causes deformity of vertebral column 14/Rickets is caused by A)Vit.D deficiency B)Chronic renal disease C)Ca and ph deficiency D)All of the above 15/Fibrous dysplasia A)Could be complicated to Bone deformity B)Is a metabolic disorder C)Occurs in children only D)Could be complicated to fibrosarcoma 16/In Rickets A)Cartilage cells degenerates B)The osteoid matrix is calcified C)Pelvic bone is soft (trifoliate pelvis) D)B and C 17/In Hyperparathyroidism A)Blood ca is increased B)Blood phosphate is increased C)Bone resorption is decreased D)All of the above E)True or false 18/The staphylococcus albus is the main causative organisms in the * acute hematogenous osteomyelitis A)True B)False 19/The acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is a non-suppurative * inflammation A)True B)False 20/The spread of infection in the acute hematogenous osteomyelitis * does not reach the joint A)True B)False 21/Acute non hematogenous osteomyelitis are common in the * metaphysis of long bone and skull A)True B)False 22/Pott's disease can cause arteritis A)True B)False 23/Most common complain of tuberculosis is paraplegia A)True B)False 24/Disc of vertebrae is main radiological differenc between t.b and * secondary carcinoma A)True B)False 25/Acute heamatogenous osteomyelitis is due to spread of infection * : from all except A)Tonsillitis B)Appendicitis C)Septic tooth D)Upper respiratory tract infection by E.boils 26/The commonest site of hematogenous osteomyelitis is A)Epiphysis of long bones B)Metaphysis of long bones C)Flat bones D)Short bones 27/Sequestrum is A)Dead bone B)Dead soft tissue C)Newly formed bone D)Newly formed soft tissue E)Granuloma tissue 28/involucrum is A)Dead bone B)Dead soft tissue C)Newly formed bone D)Newly formed soft tissue E)Granuloma tissue 29/Brodie's abscess is not A chronic type of osteomyelitisA) B)A small intra-osseous abscess C)Located within the diaphysis D)Located within the metaphysis E)Transopaque 30/Osteoporosis means A)Defective bone formation B)Decrease in the total mass of bone without other structural abnormalities C)Decrease in the total mass of bone together with other structural abnormalities D)Deficient mineralisation of bone E)Disturbance of the architecture of bone 31/The following is NOT a cause of osteoporosis A)Old age B)Cushing's syndrome C)Malnutrition D)Chronic osteomyelitis E)Hyperthyroidism 32/Osteoporosis is a A)Congenital disease B)Metabolic disorder C)Neoplastic disorder D)Inflammatory disease E)Inherited disorder 33/Rickets is a A)Inflammatory disease B)Congenital disease C)Metabolic disorder D)Neoplastic disorder E)Inherited disorder 34/Rickets is characterised by A)Defective bone formation B)Decrease in the total mass of bone without other structural abnormalities C)Decrease in the total mass of bone together with other structural abnormalities Duodenum D)Deficient mineralisation of bone E)Disturbance of the architecture of bone 35/The cause of rickets is A)Immobilization of bones B)Endocrine disorders C)Vitamin D deficiency D)Hyperparathyroidism E)Primary biliary cirrhosis 36/Osteomalacia is not characterized by A)Occurs in adults B)Usually due to vit D deficiency C)Defective mineralisation of bones D)Widened uncalcified osteoid tissue E)Marked skeletal deformaties 37/Osteitis fibrosa cystica occurs in A)Hyperthyroidism B)Hyperparathyroidism C)Hypothyroidism D)Hypoparathyroidism E)Non of the above 38/Thin cortex of long bones with loss of cancellous bone is a :characteristic feature of A)Osteoporosis B)Osteomalacia C)Paget's disease D)Rickets E)Osteitis fibrosa cystica 39/Craniotabes is a characteristic feature of A)Osteoporosis B)Osteomalacia C)Paget's disease D)Rickets E)Osteitis fibrosa cystica 40/Weak soft bones are characteristic of A)Osteoporosis B)Osteomalacia C)Paget's disease D)Rickets E)Osteitis fibrosa cystica Answer: 1/B 2/B 3/C 4/E 5/D 6/A 7/B 8/C 9/D 10/C 11/D 12/D 13/C 14/D 15/D 16/C 17/A 18/B 19/B 20/A 21/B 22/A 23/B 24/A 25/B 26/B 27/A 28/C 29/C 30/B 31/D 32/B 33/C 34/D 35/C 36/E 37/B 38/A 39/D 40/D 1/Components of sarcoplasm of the skeletal muscle include A- sarcotubules B- uni-nucleus C- sarcolemma D- all of the above * 2/optimal resting length of sarcomere is A- 2 : 3.6 microns B-2 : 2.1 microns C- 1.6 : 2.6 microns D- all of the above : 3/the region that contain only one type of the contractile filaments is * A- A band B- I band C- H zone D- B&C * 4/Z line is the central line of A- A band B- I band C- sarcomere D-non of the above 5/the function of ...... is to stabilize thick filament and resposible for * .the elasticity of the muscle A-actin B-actinin C-titin D-non of the above * :6/The muscle fibers are grouped into A)fascicles B)myofibrils C)CT 7/are the site of Ca++ storage and release for excitation- ........... * contraction coupling A)cisternae B)t-tubule C)mitochondria D)all of the apove * 8/The thick and thin filaments are arranged longitudinally in A)sarcoplasm B)sarcomeres C)sarcolemma * 9/The line dividing the sarcomeres in half is A)m line B)z line C) non of them * ....10/Red muscles is a)For slow movements with long duration b)Contract slowly and relax slowly .c)Are aerobic .D)Contain more mitochondria than fast fibers E)all of the Above * ....11/all of the following are true about muscle contraction except A- H zone is shortened B- Z lines are approximate C- A band is shortened D- I band is shortened 12/the type of contraction which controls the rate of movement is * ....... A- isometric B- eccentric C- concentric D- none of the above * .....13/which of the following is true about isometric contraction A- it's due to PE stretching B- 20-30% of the total energy may be converted into work, the rest appears as heat C- It does not produce joint movement D- all of the above * . 14/Central line of sarcomere is Z line A)T B)F * 15/bundle of muscle fibers is called fascicle A)T B)F * .16/there is no myosin head in H zone A)T B)F * 17/normal range of the length of sarcomere is 1.6 : 2:6 microns A)T B)F * 18/ATP molecules have role in muscle relaxation only A)T B)F * 19/In SMT the contraction period is longer than the latent period A)T B)F * 20/The contractions of the body muscles are usually concentric A)T B)F Answer: 1/A 2/B 3/D 4/B 5/C 6/A 7/A 8/B 9/A 10/E 11/C 12/B 13/C 14/B 15/A 16/A 17/A 18/B 19/A 20/B 1/The main protein in the bones structural components is A. collagen type-I B. collagen type-II C. collagen type-III D. none of them * .2/are derived from local mesenchymal cells A. Osteoclasts B. Osteoblasts C. Osteocytes D. A & B * 3/Bone remodeling processes require A. Ca B. Vit D C. PO4 D. All of the above * 4/Bone resorption markers include .)A. Aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP B. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase .C. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase D. B&C * 5/Rickets is impaired mineral deposition in bone when it occurs in A. Children B. Adults C. Adolescents D. A&C * 6/The role of PTH is A. Decrease phosphate excretion B. Increase Ca reabsorbtion C. Both of the above D. None of the above * 7/Biochemical markers in rickets include all the followings except A. Decrease in the serum 1, 25 (OH) 2 D3 B. Increase in the serum PTH .C. Normal serum Calcium D. Increase in the serum phosphorous 8/gout disease is due to A-genetic disorder B_hyperuricemia C-all of the above D-non of the above * 9/gout primarily result from A- overproduction of uric acid B-underexcretion of uric acid C-both of the above D-none of the above * 10/the main change in osteoarthritis is A-increase in water content of articular cartilage .B-decease in proteoglycan concentration C- loss of collagen content D- all of the above * 11/which of the following may transforme to osteosarcoma A-osteoarthritis B-osteoporosis C-Paget's disease D-all of the above E- none of the above 12/Thin filaments consist of A. Actin B. Tropomyosin C. Troponin complex D. All of the above * 13/All of the following are characteristics of LMM except A. Insoluble B. Doesn’t have intrinsic ATPase activity C. Has intrinsic ATPase activity D. Doesn’t bind to F actin * :14/HMM is digested by A. Trypsin B. Papian C. A&B D. None of the above * 15/HMM-S1 A. Consists of short fibrous tail B. Doesn’t have intrinsic ATPase activity C. Consists of tow globular domains with their light chains D. All of the above 16/competes for myosin binding sites on actin during muscle * .relaxation A. Troponin-c B. Tropomyosin C. Troponin-t D. None of the above * 17/F actin consists of A. G protein B. G protein with Mg C. G protein with ATP D. G protein with both Mg and ATP * .18/Dystrophin A. Binds to plasmalemma B. Increased in duchenne muscular dystrophy C. Deficient in dilated cardiomyopathy D. All of the above E. A&C 19/Which of the following is due to glycogen phosphorylase deficiency * ? in muscle A-Pompe disease B-Becker muscular dystrophy C. McArdle syndrome D. duchenne muscular dystrophy *20/Which of the following is mitochondrial myopathy A. Leber hereditary optic neuropathy B. Becker muscular dystrophy C. MELAS D. All of the above E. A&C Answers: 1/A 2/B 3/D 4/B 5/D 6/B 7/D 8/B 9/B 10/D 11/C 12/D 13/C 14/B 15/C 16/B 17/D 18/E 19/C 20/E