Repro Bio Quizzes: Male & Female Physiology

Fifth week quizzes Biochemistry of Male reproduction In the biosynthesis of testosterone the rate limiting step is conversion of Select one: a. Pregnenolone to progesterone b. Cholesterol to pregnenolone c. 17 α-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneHydroxy progesterone to androstenedione d. Progesterone to 17 α-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionehydroxy progesterone The correct answer is: Cholesterol to pregnenolone The precursor of testosterone is Select one: a. Estrone b. Methyl testosterone c. Pregnenolone d. Aldosterone The correct answer is: Pregnenolone In males, luteinizing hormone acts on Select one: a. All of these b. Prostate gland c. Leydig cells d. Sertoli cells The correct answer is: Leydig cells Which one of the following hormones binds to the pituitary and stimulates the release of (LH) and FSH? Select one: a. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) b. Thyrotrophic stimulating hormone (TSH) c. Corticotrophic releasing hormone (CTRH) d. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) The correct answer is: Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) Cells of leyding occur in: Select one: a. Spleen b. Liver c. Testis d. Ovary The correct answer is: Testis These cells of testis secrete testosterone Select one: a. Cells of Germinal epithelium b. Cells of leyding or interstitial cells c. Sertoli cells d. Secondary spermatocytes The correct answer is: Cells of leyding or interstitial cells The hormone which controls sperm production is? Select one: a. FSH b. testosterone c. LH d. Progesterone The correct answer is: FSH Sperm are produced by? Select one: a. Prostate b. Epididymis c. Seminiferous tubules d. Penis The correct answer is: Seminiferous tubules Which of the following is a primary sex organ? Select one: a. penis b. Testis c. Scrotum d. Prostate gland The correct answer is: Testis Male reproductive pathology II Germ cell tumors do NOT include: Select one: a. Sertoli cell tumor b. Yolk sac tumour c. Seminoma d. Teratoma The correct answer is: Sertoli cell tumor Seminoma is characterized by all EXCEPT Select one: a. It is radioresistant b. It may be of spermatocytic type c. It is the commonest malignant tumor of the testis d. The stroma often shows lymphocytic infiltrate The correct answer is: It is radioresistant One of the cause of male azospermia Select one: a. benign prostatic hyperplasia b. Varicocele c. prostatitis d. Sertoli only syndrome The correct answer is: Sertoli only syndrome Which of the following is true as regarding prostatic carcinoma? Select one: a. Most cases are hormonal dependent (estrogen) b. HCG is a useful marker for diagnosis & follow up c. Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is common in middle-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneaged men d. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) may predispose to prostatic carcinoma The correct answer is: Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) may predispose to prostatic carcinoma Serum markers of prostatic cancer include Select one: a. Androgen. b. AFP c. HCG d. PSA The correct answer is: PSA Dilatation, elongation & tortuosity of the pampiniform plexus of veins of the spermatic cord is called Select one: a. Hydrocele b. pyocele c. Varicocele d. Haematocele The correct answer is: Varicocele Malignant potential is common in: Select one: a. Post-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionePubertal Teratoma b. Monodermal teratoma (carcinoid) c. Dermoid cyst d. Pre Pubertal Teratoma The correct answer is: Post-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionePubertal Teratoma Seminoma characterized microscopically by which of the following Select one: a. Large nuclei and prominent nucleoli b. Small cells with indistinct cell borders c. Esinophilic cytoplasm d. Polymorph infiltrate of the stoma The correct answer is: Large nuclei and prominent nucleoli Which of the following neoplasms is derived from all three germ layers? Select one: a. Seminoma b. Carcinoma c. Sarcoma d. Teratoma The correct answer is: Teratoma Pharmacology of Male sex hormones Flutamide mechanism of action is Select one: a. none of the above. b. inhibits 5 alpha reductase c. androgen receptor antagonist. d. GnRh analog The correct answer is: inhibits 5 alpha reductase Androgen uses include all of the following except: Select one: a. Increase lean body mass in athletes b. Chronic wasting in AIDS patient c. Male hypogonadism d. Children with documented short stature. The correct answer is: Children with documented short stature. All of the following concerning finasteride is correct except Select one: a. competitive antagonis at androgen receptors b. used for treatment of male pattern baldness c. inhibit 5α-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionereductase d. used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia The correct answer is: competitive antagonis at androgen receptors Flutamide is indicated in Select one: a. male hypogonadism b. prostate cancer c. chronic wasting d. Children with documented short stature The correct answer is: prostate cancer A 70-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneyear-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneold man is diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and his physician is considering drug treatment of the condition. It was decided that the drug finasteride will be used. The effects of finasteride will result in a decrease in the synthesis of what substance? Select one: a. Epinephrine b. Dihydrotestosterone c. GnRH d. Testosterone The correct answer is: Dihydrotestosterone Concerning oxandrolone the following is incorrect Select one: a. Produced by Alkylation of the 17α position of testosterone b. Can be used to treat chronic wasting c. Has 1:1 androgenic-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneto-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneanabolic ratio. d. Hepatic adverse effects The correct answer is: Has 1:1 androgenic-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneto-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneanabolic ratio. finasteride is Select one: a. competitive inhibitor of androgen receptors b. Anabolic androgen c. GnRH analog d. 5α-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionereductase inhibitor The correct answer is: 5α-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionereductase inhibitor leuprolide is Select one: a. competitive inhibitor of androgen receptors b. GnRH analog c. Anabolic androgen d. 5α-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionereductase inhibitor The correct answer is: GnRH analog All of following concerning Flutamide is correct except… Select one: a. It is hepatotoxic b. used for treatment of hirsutism c. ineffective orally d. used for treatment of prostate cancer. The correct answer is: ineffective orally Concerning leuprolide implantable formulations provide convenient continuous delivery of the drugs indicated in… Select one: a. androgen receptor–positive prostate cancer b. acromegaly c. male hypogonadism d. Children with documented short stature e. hyperthyroidism The correct answer is: androgen receptor–positive prostate cancer Biochemistry of Female reproduction The defect in adrenal cortex responsible for lack of glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids is Androstenedione deficiency Select one: a. C-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione21 hydroxylase deficiency b. Testosterone deficiency c. Androstenedione deficiency d. 17 α -Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneOH progesterone deficiency The correct answer is: C-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione21 hydroxylase deficiency Conversion of testosterone to estradiol requires the enzyme Select one: a. Aromatase b. Dehydrogenase c. Lyase d. Isomerase The correct answer is: Aromatase A common intermediate in the synthesis of estrogens is Select one: a. Cortisol b. 11-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneDeoxycorticosterone c. Corticosterone d. Andostenedione The correct answer is: Andostenedione Formation of corpus luteum takes place under the influence of? Select one: a. progesterone b. FSH c. Estrogen d. LH The correct answer is: LH Corpus luteum secret hormone? Select one: a. FSH b. Progestrone c. DLH d. Estrogen The correct answer is: Progestrone Correct sequence of hormone secretion from beginning of mensturation is Select one: a. Estrogen, progesterone,FSH b. FSH, progesterone, estrogen c. FSH, estrogen, progesterone d. estrogen,FSH, Progesterone The correct answer is: FSH, progesterone, estrogen Female reproductive Physiology -I Function is only production of mature ova Select one: a. Contain ova only at the time of puberty b. Are not influenced by any of the placental hormones c. Are essential for cyclic uterine activity d. Discharge 5-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione10 ova during each menstrual cycle e. Function is only production of mature ova The correct answer is: Are essential for cyclic uterine activity A 20-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneyear-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneold woman is not having menstrual cycles. Her plasma progesterone concentration is found to be minimal. What is the explanation for the low level of progesterone? Select one: a. High inhibin concentration in the plasma has suppressed progesterone synthesis. b. LH secretion rate is suppressed. c. LH secretion rate is elevated d. FSH secretion rate is suppressed. e. No corpus luteum is present. The correct answer is: No corpus luteum is present. Seven days after ovulation, pituitary secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) decreases rapidly. What is the cause of this decrease in secretion? Select one: a. Secretion of estrogen and progesterone by the corpus luteum suppresses hypothalamic secretion of GnRH and pituitary secretion of LH b. None of the above. c. he anterior pituitary gland becomes unresponsive to the stimulatory effect of gonadotropin-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionereleasing hormone (GnRH). d. Estrogen from the developing follicles exerts a feedback inhibition on the hypothalamus e. The rise in body temperature inhibits hypothalamic release of GnRH The correct answer is: Secretion of estrogen and progesterone by the corpus luteum suppresses hypothalamic secretion of GnRH and pituitary secretion of LH Where specifically is the source of estrogen during days 15-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione24 of the menstrual cycle? Select one: a. Ovarian gland b. Uterine endometrium c. Corpus luteum d. Growing ovarian follicle e. Oviduct glands The correct answer is: Corpus luteum What is the role of LH during the menstrual cycle? Select one: a. inhibits the development of another follicle by inhibiting FSH b. causes ovulation and the ruptured follicle to develop into corpus luteum c. stimulates the development of follicles, which in turn leads to estrogen secretion, which in turn inhibits FSH d. stimulates the growth of endometrium lining e. inhibits the production of estrogen and progesterone by the follicle The correct answer is: causes ovulation and the ruptured follicle to develop into corpus luteum In postovulatory phase Select one: a. The granulosa cells of follicle are converted to lutein cells b. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone c. Corpus luteum is formed d. All of the above are postovulatory phase e. If the ovum is not fertilized, corpus luteum degenerates after 12 days The correct answer is: All of the above are postovulatory phase Female reproductive Physiology -II On the 21st day of the menstrual cycle: Select one: a. The thickness of the myometrium is greater than in the proliferative phase. b. There is a marked increase in the blood progesterone level. c. The development of Graafian follicle is maximal d. The body temperature is lower than normal. e. The corpus luteum is converted into corpus albicans. The correct answer is: There is a marked increase in the blood progesterone level. Which of the following represents the correct order of events during the menstrual cycle? Select one: a. Luteal phase, menstruation, FSH rise, ovulation, follicular phase b. FSH rise, ovulation, LH surge, luteal phase, menstruation. c. Follicular phase, luteal phase, FSH rise, ovulation, menstruation d. None are correct The correct answer is: Follicular phase, luteal phase, FSH rise, ovulation, menstruation This usually occurs between days 13 and 15 of the menstrual cycle: Select one: a. The lining of the uterus builds up. b. None are correct c. Shedding of the lining of the uterus d. Ovulation. e. The lining of the uterus remains in place in preparation for the possible arrival of an early embryo. The correct answer is: Ovulation. About progesterone Select one: a. It is essential for occurrence and maintenance of pregnancy b. It stimulates endometrial proliferation. c. Its blood level increases rapidly at the end of pregnancy. d. It has anabolic effect e. It increases myometrial sensitivity to oxytocin. The correct answer is: It is essential for occurrence and maintenance of pregnancy In most women, during which days of the ovarian cycle does menstruation occur Select one: a. Days 1-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione14 b. Days 1-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione5 c. Days 5-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione14 d. None are correct e. Days 14-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione28 The correct answer is: Days 1-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione5 What is the best explanation for the sustained increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) that occurs in women after menopause? Select one: a. Hyperplasia of gonadotropes (i.e. gonadotropin-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneproducing cells) of the anterior pituitary gland b. Depletion of estrogen secreting follicles in the ovaries c. Depletion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus d. Up-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneregulation of the number of LH receptors on granulosa cells e. Decreased sensitivity of GnRH-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedioneproducing cells of the hypothalamus to estradiol The correct answer is: Depletion of estrogen secreting follicles in the ovaries Which of the following is characteristic of the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle? Select one: a. It is controlled by estrogen. b. Endocervix is sloughed off during this phase. c. It ends upon arrival of ovulation d. Uterine gland lumens are filled with secretions. e. It produces ischemia and necrosis of the endometrium The correct answer is: Uterine gland lumens are filled with secretions. In the uterine cycle, there are two separate negative feedbacks and one positive feedback, depending on the point in the cycle. In a normal 28 day cycle, on day 21, what feedback loop is active in controlling the plasma levels of luteinizing hormone? Select one: a. Progesterone-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionedependent negative feedback b. Estradiol-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionedependent negative feedback c. Progesterone-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionedependent positive feedback d. Testosterone-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionedependent negative feedback e. Estradiol-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionedependent positive feedback The correct answer is: Progesterone-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionedependent negative feedback Physiology of pregnancy Human placental lactogen is produced by which of the following? Select one: a. Placenta and the maternal pituitary gland. b. Fetoplacental unit. c. Only the placenta d. Fetal and maternal pituitary gland. e. Fetal pancreas The correct answer is: Only the placenta Which estrogen is primarily produced by the placenta? Select one: a. Aromatase. b. Estriol. c. 17α-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionehydroxylase. d. Estradiol. e. Estrone. The correct answer is: Estriol. Which of the following is produced by the trophoblast cells during the first 3 weeks of pregnancy? Select one: a. Luteinizing hormone b. Human chorionic gonadotropin c. Oxytocin d. Estrogen e. None are correct. The correct answer is: Human chorionic gonadotropin What is the function of the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)? Select one: a. It inhibits the production of estrogen and progesterone by the ovary b. It stimulates the production of FSH by the pituitary c. It increases to high levels near birth, helping initiate the birth process d. It causes the uterine lining to slough or shed to maintain pregnancy. e. It signals the corpus luteum to continue producing estrogen and progesterone to maintain the pregnancy The correct answer is: It signals the corpus luteum to continue producing estrogen and progesterone to maintain the pregnancy Mary thinks she might be pregnant and purchases a pregnancy test. The pregnancy test shows a positive result. Why did the test come back positive? Select one: a. The test detected lower than normal levels of estrogen b. The test detected the presence of relaxin c. The test detected higher than normal levels of progesterone d. The test detected the presence of hCG, Human Chorionic Gonadotropin. e. The test detected the presence of hPL, Human Placental Lactogen The correct answer is: The test detected the presence of hCG, Human Chorionic Gonadotropin. Human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS)-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione Human placental lactogen (hPL) Select one: a. It prepares the placenta for delivery b. It acts as a maternal growth hormone of pregnancy. c. It ensures the lining of the uterus stays intact during the pregnancy. d. It softens and dilate the cervix during pregnancy. e. It maintains the corpus luteum during pregnancy The correct answer is: It acts as a maternal growth hormone of pregnancy. The physiological changes that occur during pregnancy include: Select one: a. Increased blood pressure b. Increased heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. c. Decreased renal plasma flow and GFR d. Increased bladder capacity and decreased urinary frequency. e. The mother’s total body water is unchanged. The correct answer is: Increased heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. Which of the following statements is correct? Select one: a. Estrogen decreases sphincter tone and reduces small intestine motility, leading to constipation b. Progesterone increases the immune response c. Pregnancy increases the lung residual volume. d. Human placental lactogen induces maternal insulin resistance e. Triglycerides (TGs), high-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione and low-Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedionedensity lipoproteins (HDLs and LDLs), and total cholesterol levels all decrease during pregnancy. The correct answer is: Human placental lactogen induces maternal insulin resistance Physiology of Parturition The factors stimulating uterine contraction during parturition including all of the following, Except: Select one: a. Local release of prostaglandins in the uterus. b. Cervical stretch by the baby’s head. c. The rising level of estrogen d. Release of oxytocin from posterior pituitary. e. Local release of oxytocin in the uterus The correct answer is: Local release of oxytocin in the uterus During which stage of labor delivery of placenta occurs? Select one: a. Stage 1 and 2 b. Stage 3 of labor c. Stage 1 of labor. d. Stage 2 of labor The correct answer is: Stage 3 of labor Uterine contractions at parturition depend on the presence of: Select one: a. none are correct b. prostaglandins. c. oxytocin. d. all are correct e. estrogen The correct answer is: all are correct The role of estrogen during parturition is to Select one: a. Induce formation of surfactant in the fetal lung b. Decrease uterine endometrial oxytocin receptors c. Both b and c. d. Decrease production of prostaglandins. e. Increase uterine myometrial gap junctions. The correct answer is: Increase uterine myometrial gap junctions. The role of cortisol during parturition is to Select one: a. Increase uterine contractions b. Decrease production of prostaglandins. c. Induce formation of surfactant in the fetal lung d. Stimulate the conversion of estradiol to progesterone in the placenta e. increase uterine myometrial gap junctions The correct answer is: Induce formation of surfactant in the fetal lung What is the appropriate medicine in the management of premature labor Select one: a. Estrogen b. Oxytocin. c. Beta blockers. d. Beta agonists e. Both b & c The correct answer is: Beta agonists Preterm labor is defined as spontaneous onset of regular uterine contractions at any time prior to: Select one: a. The 37nd week of pregnancy b. The 40th week of pregnancy c. The 30th week of pregnancy d. The 32nd week of pregnancy e. The second stage of labor The correct answer is: The 37nd week of pregnancy Physiology of Lactation Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of prolactin secretion Select one: a. Dopamine. b. Oxytocin c. LH. d. FSH. e. Estrogen The correct answer is: Dopamine. Which hormone is responsible for the release of milk in let down reflex: Select one: a. Oxytocin. b. FSH c. Estrogen d. LH. e. Dopamine The correct answer is: Oxytocin. -Hydroxy progesterone to androstenedione Lactogenesis is triggered by a rapid and drastic fall in the levels of…. ………..………….. at delivery Select one: a. Estrogen b. Prolactin releasing hormone c. LH. d. Prolactin. e. Oxytocin The correct answer is: Estrogen The major physiological stimulus to prolactin secretion is: Select one: a. Hearing the baby crying. b. TRH c. Suckling. d. Emotional stimulation e. Pain The correct answer is: Suckling. Estrogen hormone stimulates the growth of breasts’ mammary glands plus the deposition of fat in the breasts at puberty Select one: True False The correct answer is 'True'. Suckling on one breast causes milk flow not only in that breast but also in the opposite breast Select one: True False The correct answer is 'True'. The anterior pituitary secretion of prolactin is controlled mainly by thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) Select one: True False The correct answer is 'False'.