Chapter 01 Understanding Sociology Answers 1

Chapter 01 Understanding Sociology 1) The awareness that allows people to comprehend the link between their immediate, personal social settings and the remote, impersonal social world is called A) the sociological imagination. B) anthropology. C) a theory. D) verstehen. Answer: A Topic: Sociological imagination Learning Objective: Explain the sociological imagination and the characteristics of sociology as a discipline. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Definition 2) Trying to understand why your roommate prefers a certain genre of music, over others, is an example of using one's A) cultural capital. B) conflict perspective. C) double consciousness. D) sociological imagination. Answer: D Topic: Sociological imagination Learning Objective: Explain the sociological imagination and the characteristics of sociology as a discipline. Bloom's: Apply Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Application-Concept 3) A key element in the sociological imagination is the ability to view one's own society A) from the perspective of personal experience. B) from the perspective of cultural biases. C) as an outsider. D) as an insider. Answer: C Topic: Sociological imagination Learning Objective: Explain the sociological imagination and the characteristics of sociology as a discipline. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 1 4) C. Wright Mills advocated the use of the sociological imagination to view divorce in the United States because divorce A) is a serious personal problem for numerous men and women. B) is not just an individual's personal problem but a societal concern. C) may create emotional scars for divorcees. D) has been a serious problem throughout history. Answer: B Topic: Sociological imagination Learning Objective: Explain the sociological imagination and the characteristics of sociology as a discipline. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 5) The scientific study of social behavior and human groups is known as A) psychology. B) political science. C) anthropology. D) sociology. Answer: D Topic: Sociology Learning Objective: Differentiate the natural sciences, social sciences, and sociology. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Definition 6) The body of knowledge obtained using methods based upon systematic observation is called a(n) A) theory. B) verstehen. C) science. D) ideal type. Answer: C Topic: Social sciences Learning Objective: Differentiate the natural sciences, social sciences, and sociology. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Definition 2 7) Sociology is considered a science because sociologists A) teach at respected universities. B) engage in organized and systematic study of phenomena to enhance understanding. C) receive government funding for research projects. D) construct middle-range theories to explain social behavior. Answer: B Topic: Sociology Learning Objective: Differentiate the natural sciences, social sciences, and sociology. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 8) Sociology, anthropology, economics, and history are fields within the A) natural sciences. B) social sciences. C) medical sciences. D) humanities. Answer: B Topic: Social sciences Learning Objective: Differentiate the natural sciences, social sciences, and sociology. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 9) Which of the following academic disciplines emphasizes the influence that society has on people's attitudes and behavior and the ways in which people shape society? A) Anthropology B) Economics C) Sociology D) Physics Answer: C Topic: Sociology Learning Objective: Differentiate the natural sciences, social sciences, and sociology. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Definition 3 10) Which social science would be interested in studying individual cases of emotional stress among workers, investors, and business owners? A) History B) Economics C) Sociology D) Psychology Answer: D Topic: Social sciences Learning Objective: Differentiate the natural sciences, social sciences, and sociology. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 11) A social scientist would be likely to study the A) composition of a meteorite discovered in a remote area of Siberia. B) reasons for the decreasing divorce rate in the U.S. C) newest procedure in heart transplant surgery. D) possibility of life on Mars. Answer: B Topic: Social sciences Learning Objective: Differentiate the natural sciences, social sciences, and sociology. Bloom's: Apply Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Application-Concept 12) Sociologists argue that, unlike scientific knowledge, common sense conclusions are not A) published. B) reliable. C) politically correct. D) easily disseminated. Answer: B Topic: Common sense Learning Objective: Distinguish sociology from common sense knowledge about society. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 4 13) An attempt to explain problems, actions, or behavior in a comprehensive manner is called a(n) A) science. B) typology. C) theory. D) ideal type. Answer: C Topic: Sociological theory Learning Objective: Explain the characteristics of sociological theory. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Definition 14) In Émile Durkheim's study of suicide, he related suicide rates to A) personal depression. B) personal stress. C) the extent to which people were integrated into the group life of a society. D) climatic conditions such as oppressive heat, heavy rain, and cold winters. Answer: C Topic: Sociological theory Learning Objective: Explain the characteristics of sociological theory. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 15) Émile Durkheim's explanation of suicide was scientific because he A) developed conclusions based on a systematic examination of data. B) carefully studied the personalities of hundreds of suicide victims. C) worked in a university setting. D) divided suicide into four distinctive categories. Answer: A Topic: Sociological theory Learning Objective: Explain the characteristics of sociological theory. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 5 16) Émile Durkheim is known for his classic sociological study of A) suicide. B) abortion. C) soccer. D) crowd control. Answer: A Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Sociologists 17) The discipline of sociology was given its name by the French theorist A) Émile Durkheim. B) Auguste Comte. C) Harriet Martineau. D) Marcel Marceau. Answer: B Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Sociologists 18) Which sociologist translated the works of Auguste Comte into English and emphasized the impact the economy, laws, trade, and population could have on contemporary social problems? A) Émile Durkheim B) Jane Addams C) Harriet Martineau D) Talcott Parsons Answer: C Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Sociologists 6 19) Which early sociologist applied the concept of evolution to societies in order to explain how they change or evolve over time? A) Émile Durkheim B) Charles Darwin C) Harriet Martineau D) Herbert Spencer Answer: D Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Sociologists 20) Anomie refers to a A) model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. B) loss of direction that is felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective. C) classification scheme containing two or more categories. D) type of suicide that is based on depression. Answer: B Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Definition 21) The concept of anomie was introduced into sociology by A) Auguste Comte. B) Émile Durkheim. C) Max Weber. D) C. Wright Mills. Answer: B Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 7 22) The word(s) that Max Weber used to stress the need for sociologists to take into account people's emotions, thoughts, beliefs, understandings, and attitudes was A) verstehen. B) cultural capital. C) anomie. D) social capital. Answer: A Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Definition 23) A sociologist interviews high-salaried corporate chief executive officers (CEOs) to discover whether they feel stress in their everyday lives as a result of the pressure to produce at an unrealistic level. This sociologist is employing A) alienation. B) anomie. C) verstehen. D) globalization techniques. Answer: C Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Apply Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Application-Concept 24) An ideal type is a(n) A) body of knowledge obtained by methods based on systematic observation. B) construct or model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. C) detailed plan or method for obtaining data scientifically. D) initiator of people's attitudes or behavior. Answer: B Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Definition 8 25) A sociology instructor asks students to make lists of the characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors. These lists, which would be used to evaluate all instructors, would form an example of a(n) A) typology. B) ideal type. C) verstehen. D) hypothesis. Answer: B Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Apply Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Application-Concept 26) In The Communist Manifesto, Marx argued that the working class must A) ally with capitalists to build a better world. B) try to work toward a return to feudalism. C) overthrow the existing class system of capitalist societies. D) ignore all aspects of class divisions. Answer: C Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 27) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels said, "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles…. The ________ have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!" A) bourgeoisie B) proletarians C) Vulcans D) middle classes Answer: B Topic: Sociologists Learning Objective: Summarize the contributions of the major figures in the history of sociology from Auguste Comte onward. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Question Category: Information 9