Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial Meningitis Acute Bacterial meningitis:- Pyogenic meningitis Acute purulent if edion within subala cindd space - characterized by elevated polymorphonucleus cells in CSF. Agents -ovelall-streptococcus pneumoniae (MC) (50% Meningococcus (25%) sagalactiae (151) (101) Lislesia H. In fluenza -Neonates neonatal sagaladial MC gran ve bacilli - E.coli, klebsiella, Listella - Elderly 200k Lisless al Agalactial -5. Pathogenesis:- -Bacteria that cous AM all transmitted p-p Anrough droptell of Rs secocation from cases çcarries - Close & prolonged contact -kissing sucezing or coughing with infected person facilitate the spread of the discus Route of infection - organisms may gain access to the meninges by se velal routes •Hematogenous spread - MC estes routes. where the entry into the subasadiod space gained through the choroid ple xulol through othes blood vessels of the boun Direct spread from an infected site present close to reninges-otites media, moltoideks, sinusites ele. Anatomical defect in ins occurs due to surgery, trauma, ang congenital defect, which allow orgayism forcary ascces Pre disposing factor 'Sige - Neonales nove the highest prevalence of mense dulti) their immatullinumus system. il) acquiring the colortized organisms Prom mothes Birth canal (Listerials.agaladiat iii) 7 permiability of BBB vaccination-wide spread vaccine reduce the incidence of meningitis 3) factor that promate infection at 'sle -Respiratory tract is the io pastal of entry - the factor thal Ardispose sespiratory troul infectie Ex. om, Alc, splenctomy jumunosuppresion 4) presence of CSF Shant - that directly facilitate the Pathogen entry in meninges og staphylococci, Pseudomonas 5) Breachin BBB gain access through BBB by -loss in capillary integrity by distrupting the tigel jundin ons of BD Transport within circulatory phagocyled - Crossing endothelial cells. IP-4 dey →2-10 days - imp symptoms -fever, vomiting, intense headace, alteled consiousness, photophobia, Sigus 18-1s Nuchal rigidits (staff neck) ii) kel ulg's sign -sevele stiffness of hamstrong. causes an amability to straight 1 when the hip is turn 90% Wher ⅲ) Boud za iske's sign - needs is passively fixed resul! in spontaneous flexion of the hips & Knee iv) in infoertemfont have slowed ongel neck stiffness may not preseal -Babies of event with fevel, issatabt!!! v) complical lon this disease may Parenchyma leading to meningoencephalitis-thel may releull in I coussousness, scazull, raised intra cranial pressull & stratie VI) organsusn specific fending - Purpuric rashes seen in meningococcal meningitis 1) Specimen collection & Transport CSF is most ideal specimen - CSF specimen -lombas punctusl -CSF transport - Becoz it should be Examined in medially -Blood culture - Bact / ALERT - - For suspected meningococcal meningitis - Scrapping 2) cytological & Bio chemical Analysis - Biochemical analysis & call count of CST give prelimenaly chel Acule bacterial (pyogenic) meningitos > 1000 leutbocytes/uz & predominantly Neutrophils (90-951.) Howevel in listeria meningit's these is ↑ Lymphocyte count in CSF •CSF pressure is higruly dewaled •Total profess Contat is elevated 3) (SF MICROSCOPY -Heaped smeas - calsifugation ) Direct Ag detcetion 24 - from CSF -S. Premonia, S. agalataciol s) culture S - from sinl useful for pneumococcal meningit - Enriching - Blood cibull - Bat T/Alert culture plates (Blood agate, Crocolate@gas) Sesology ELISA Molecular methods -PCR - Biofire Film Array. - - comomongued -