Which Statement Correctly Describes the Actual Yield and the Theoretical Yield of a Reaction

Chapter 5 Mcgraw Hill 1. ● ● ● 2. ● ● ● ● ● 3. 4. 5. A physical change may involve _____ (Check all that apply.) a change in volume. a change in phase. a change in shape. Which of the following are included in a complete balanced chemical equation? (Select all that apply.) coefficients reactants phases products reaction arrow Which of the following should you do when balancing a chemical equation? (Select all that apply.) ● Balance the equation with coefficients one element at a time. ● Check your solution to verify that the same number of each type of atom is present on both sides of the reaction. Which statements about decomposition reactions are correct? Select all that apply. ● The reactant in a decomposition reaction is always a compound. ● A decomposition reaction begins with a single reactant. In a ______ reaction, two reactants exchange components to form two new products. double replacement 6. The boiling of water is an example of a _____ change. physical 7. Reduction is ______ the gain of electrons by an atom. 8. Which of the following should you do when balancing a chemical equation? (Select all that apply.) ● Check your solution to verify that the same number of each type of atom is present on both sides of the reaction. ● Balance the equation with coefficients one element at a time. 9. Identify the species that are oxidized and reduced in the reaction below. 10. CH4O + O2 → CO2 + H2O CH4O is oxidized and O2 is reduced. 11. Match the following terms used in a chemical equation with their definitions. 12. In balancing the following chemical equation, what coefficient should be placed in front of H2O? H3PO4 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca3(PO4)2 + H2O 6 13. Which statements about single replacement reactions are correct? Select all that apply. ● An element is always a reactant in a single replacement reaction. ● In a single replacement reaction, one element in the reactant is replaced by another in the product. 14. Select all that apply 15. Which of the following statements about oxidation and reduction are correct? Select all that apply. ● Reduction is the gain of electrons. ● Oxidation is the loss of electrons. ● Oxidation and reduction are opposite processes. 16. Which of the following are redox reactions? (Select all of the redox reactions.) ● Fe2+ + Mg → Fe + Mg2+ ● charcoal burning ● iron rusting 17. A pacemaker is powered by a lithium battery, which generates an electrical current using the oxidation-reduction reaction shown. Match the terms to correctly describe the fates of the two reactants in the battery. 2 Li + I2 →2 LiI 18. In a ______ reaction, two reactants exchange components to form two new products. double replacement 19. A mole is defined as ______ the number of atoms contained in exactly 12 g of the carbon-12 isotope. 20. Which of the following is a redox reaction? 2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 SO3 (g) 21. Which of the following correctly describes the formula weight of a compound? The sum of the atomic masses of all the elements in one formula unit compound 22. Which of the following statements correctly describe various examples of oxidation and reduction? Select all that apply. ● Oxidation is the loss of electrons from an atom. ● Reduction may result in the loss of oxygen atoms. ● Oxidation may result in the loss of hydrogen atoms. 23. Select all statements that correctly describe the operation of a pacemaker. ● In a lithium-iodine battery, I2 is reduced. ● Most pacemakers used today contain a lithium-iodine battery. ● When a pacemaker detects that the heart is beating too slowly, it sends an electrical signal to the heart. 24. Identify the species that are oxidized and reduced in the reaction below. CH4O + O2 → CO2 + H2O CH4O is oxidized and O2 is reduced. 25. A pacemaker is powered by a lithium battery, which generates an electrical current using the oxidation-reduction reaction shown. Match the terms to correctly describe the fates of the two reactants in the battery. 2 Li + I2 →2 LiI Li is oxidized in the reaction. I2 is reduced in the reaction. 26. Which one of the following options gives the correct procedure to calculate the number of moles of a substance, given the mass? mass/mole 27. When converting from grams to number of molecules, the magnitude of the answer increases 28. Which of the following is a redox reaction? 2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 SO3 (g) 29. Which of the following compounds has the largest molar mass? H2SO4 30. 31. Which of the following steps would be required to convert between the masses of any two substances involved in the same chemical reaction? Select all that apply. ● Write a conversion factor using the coefficients from the balanced equation, and convert to moles of the second substance. ● Convert from the given mass to moles of the same substance. ● Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. 32. Which one of the following options gives the correct procedure to calculate the mass of a substance, given the number of moles? moles x molar mass 33. Which conversion factor correctly describes a mass/mole/molecule relationship for HCl? 34. In performing mass calculations in chemical equations, which of the following is/are needed? (Select all items that are needed.) ● a balanced chemical equation ● molar mass of reactant and/or product from the chemical equation 35. Which statement is correct about the ratio of reactants to products in a chemical equation? A balanced chemical equation tells us the ratio of the moles of reactants used and products formed. 36. Which of the following statements correctly describe theoretical yield in a chemical reaction? Select all that apply. ● The theoretical yield is the amount of product expected from a given amount of reactant based on the balanced chemical equation. ● The theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be formed. 37. Correctly order the steps necessary to solve for the mass of a product, or second reactant required, given the mass of one of the reactants in a chemical process. Start with the first step at the top of the list. 38. Which of the following statements correctly describe the percent yield in a chemical reaction? Select all that apply. ● % yield = actual yield/theoretical yield× 100 ● The actual yield is almost always less than the theoretical yield. 39. In order to convert the grams of a reactant to the grams of a product, which of the following conversions are required? (Select all of the required conversion factors.) 40. The actual yield is usually less than the theoretical yield 41. Which of the following steps would be required to convert between the masses of any two substances involved in the same chemical reaction? Select all that apply. 42. 43. The synthesis of ibuprofen, an anti-inflammatory drug, requires three steps. What is the overall percent yield if the percent yield of the individual synthetic steps are 75%, 90%, and 96%, respectively? 65% 44. 45. A reaction vessel contains reactants A and B in a mole ratio of 1:1. If A and B react according to the balanced equation below, which reactant is in excess? 2 A + 3 B → A2B3 A is the excess reactant. 46. What is the percent yield when 34.5 g of methanol, CH4O, reacts with oxygen to form 35.3 g water? 2 CH4O(l) + 3 O2(g) → 2 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) 91.0% 47. 6.25 g of hydrogen (H2) reacts with 10.6 g of oxygen (O2) to form water (H2O). The balanced chemical equation is 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (l).Which of the two reactants is the limiting reagent? O2 is the limiting reactant because the given amount can produce less product. 48. The amount of product generated in a chemical reaction is determined by the number of moles of the limiting reactant. 49. limiting reactant:The reactant that is completely consumed in a reaction excess reactant: The reactant that is left over when the reaction is complete 50. The amount of product that is formed from a reactant mixture is determined by the number of moles of the limiting reactant (s) Chapter 6 Mcgraw Hill 1. A nut falls from a tree limb. As the nut falls, its potential energy, associated with the nut's original position, is converted to kinetic energy, which is the energy associated with its motion. 2.