Module 4 Computer Concepts Exam

Module 4: Review Questions: 1. True or False; An operating system is a program that manages the complete operation of a computer or mobile device and lets you interact with it. a. True 2. GUI stands for _____ user interface. a. Graphical b. Google c. Government d. General 3. A data file contains the instructions your computer needs to run programs and apps. a. False 4. The operating system manages interactions between hardware and software. a. True 5. Which of the following is NOT true about RAM? a. Every program and app requires RAM. b. RAM stores open apps and documents data while a computer or device is on. c. Ram is nonvolatile memory.’The system can assign virtual memory to function as RAM. 6. The kernel is the core of an operating system. a. True 7. ____ is any data and instructions entered into the memory. a. Objection b. Output c. Input d. Information 8. A shortcut icon puts the actual file, folder, or app on the desktop, removing it from the location where it is saved on your computer or device. a. False 9. CAPS LOCK is a sticky key. a. False 10. The _____ window is the window you are currently using, which appears in front of any other open windows. a. Default b. Active c. Native d. Forward 11. When you move a file to the Recycle Bin or Trash, it is permanently deleted. a. False 12. Which of the following units measure millions of bytes of data? a. Gigabytes b. Kilobytes c. Terabytes d. Megabytes 13. When you work on a file using a web app, changes are saved as you make them. a. True 14. File properties are the same no matter what type of file. a. False 15. What is the temporary Windows storage area that holds items you copy or cut called? a. The Clipboard b. The Buffer c. The Library d. The Cloud 16. Moving or copying a folder affects all of the contents of the folder. a. True 17. When you open the file manager you have access to frequently or recently opened files and folders, favorite files and folders, and the main folders on your computer or device. a. True Key Terms: Active Window - Window that is currently being used. Administrator Account - Full access to the computer (additional responsibilities associated include installing programs/apps, adjusting security settings, and managing network access). Android - Operating system developed by Google based on Linux, and designed to be run on many types of smartphones/tablets. Boot Process - Triggers a series of steps and checks as the computer loads the operating system. Bootstrap Program - Built-in startup program that executes a series of tests to check components, including RAM, keyboard, and storage. Also identifies connected devices, and checks their settings. Buffer - Area of memory that stores data and information waiting to be sent to an input or output device. Button - Icons that are clicked to execute commands needed to work with an office app. Cache - Holding area where the browser keeps a copy of each webpage that was viewed. This temporary storage area helps speed up processing time. Chrome OS - Operating system based on Linux that uses the Google Chrome browser as its user interface, and primarily runs web apps. Clipboard - Temporary Windows storage area that holds the selections copied or cut so that they can be used later. Close Button - In a Windows title bar, the rightmost button closes the open window, app, or document. Closed Source - Programs that keep all or some of the code hidden, enabling them to control and profit from the program they create Cloud - Storage area located on a server that is accessed through the Internet or a network. Control Panel - Collection of utility programs that determines how Windows appears and performs on a computer. Data File - In Computer Concepts, a file that contains words, numbers, and pictures that you can manipulate. A spreadsheet, a database, a presentation, and a word processing document all are data files. Default Settings - Standard settings that control how the screen is set up and how a document looks when you first start typing. Desktop - An operating system screen that contains icons for programs and files, as well as toolbars, taskbars, menus, and buttons you can use to start programs and apps Desktop Operating System - An operating system installed on a single computer Dialog Boxes - A window with controls that allows one to tell Windows how it is wanted to complete an application program’s command. Disk Cleanup Utility - Program that finds and removes unnecessary files, (such as temporary Internet files or files in the Recycle Bin), and frees up disk space by reorganizing data Executable File - Contains the instructions your computer or device needs to run programs and apps File - A collection of information stored on your computer, such as a text document, spreadsheet, photo, and song. File Extension - A three- or four-letter sequence, preceded by a period, at the end of a filename that identifies the file as a particular type of document, such as .docx or .xlsx. File Format - The organization and layout of data in a file Flash Memory - A type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten Folder - Named location on a storage medium that usually contains related documents. Folder Window - File Explorer window that displays the contents of a folder, drive, or device. Gigabytes (GB) - Approximately 1 billion bytes of data. Graphical User Interface (GUI) - Collective term for all the ways to interact with a device. GUI controls how to interact with menus, programs and apps, and visual images such as icons by touching, pointing, tapping, or clicking buttons and other objects to issue commands Icon - Small picture that represents a program, file, or hardware device Input - Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a device. IOS - Mobile device operating system that runs only on Apple devices, including the iPhone, iPad, and iPod; derived from macOS Kernel - The core of an operating system; memory, runs programs, and assigns resources. Keyboard - Input device that contains not only characters such as letters, numbers, and punctuation, but also keys that can issue commands. Kilobytes (KB) - Thousands of bytes of data Library - In Windows, a special folder that catalogs specific files and folders in a central location, regardless of where the items are actually stored on a device. Linux - UNIX-based operating system for desktop computers, laptops, and some tablets; distributed under the terms of a General Public License (GPL), which allows one to copy the OS for their own use, to give to others, or to sell. MacOS - The operating system for Apple desktop and laptop computers; includes the Siri virtual assistant, coordination with Apple mobile devices, and cloud file storage. MacOS Server - Server operating system that supports all sizes of networks and servers; lets authorized users access servers using their iPhones or other Apple devices. Maximize Button - On the right side of a window’s title bar, the center button of three buttons; used to expand a window so that it fills the entire screen. Megabytes (MB) - Millions of bytes of data. Memory - Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data into information Menu - List of related items, including folders, applications, and commands. Mobile Operating System - Has features similar to those of a desktop operating system, but is focused on the needs of a mobile user and the capabilities of the device Nonvolatile Memory - Permanent memory whose contents remain on the computer or device even when it is turned off Open Source - Programs and apps (including operating systems) that have no restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification and redistribution; users can add functionality and sell or give away their versions to others Operating System (OS) - Program that manages the complete operation of the computer or mobile device and allows one to interact with it. Output - Information processed into a useful form such as text, graphics, audio, video, or any combination of these Personal Computer (PC) Operating System - Computers designed for personal use, as opposed to commercial or industrial use. Platform - The software, or operating system, a device uses. Pointing Device - Hardware device that lets you interact with your computer by controlling the movement of the mouse pointer on your computer screen; (examples include a mouse, trackball, touchpad, pointing stick, onscreen touch pointer, a tablet, or for touch-enabled devices) ones hand or finger. Program Window - On a desktop or laptop computer, displays a running program RAM (random access memory) - The storage location that is part of every computer and that temporarily stores open apps and document data while a computer is on. Resources - On a computer system, the components required to perform work, such as the processor, RAM, storage space, and connected devices Restore Down Button - On the right side of a maximized window’s title bar, the center of three buttons that reduces a window to its last non-maximized size; in a restored window, this button changes to the Maximize button. ROM (read-only memory) - Permanently installed memory on your computer attached to the motherboard. The ROM chip contains the BIOS, which tells your computer how to start. Server OS - Server OS Settings App - Windows 10 app containing nine touch-friendly categories of the most commonly used Windows settings; more advanced settings are found in the Control Panel desktop app. Shortcut - Link to a file, folder, or app that appears on the desktop Shortcut Menu - List of frequently used commands that relate to an object, typically displayed by right-clicking; the commands on a shortcut menu are related to the item you right-clicked Software as a Service (SaaS) - Software that is distributed online for a monthly subscription or an annual fee. Spooling - Placing data into a buffer System Software - The software that runs a computer, including the operating system. Title - PowerPoint, a button on a Power View navigation strip that is used to group data. UNIX - Multitasking operating system with many versions, as the code is licensed to different developers User Accounts - Identifies to Windows the resources (such as apps and storage locations, a user can access when working with the computer). Utility - Apps or programs that enable one to perform maintenance-type tasks related to managing the computer or device Virtual Machine - Enables a computer or device to run another operating system in addition to the one installed Virtual Memory - The amount of information temporarily stored in a paging file. Virtualization - The practice of sharing computing resources (such as servers or storage devices, among computers and devices on a network) Volatile Memory - Memory that is temporary, and loses its contents when the power is turned off. Web App - An app stored on an Internet server that can be run entirely in a web browser. Web Server - Internet computer that stores web pages. Window - Rectangular-shaped work area that displays an app or a collection of files, folders, and Windows tools. Windows - The operating systems for Microsoft machines; supports the Cortana virtual assistant, touchscreen input, HoloLens headsets, and built-in apps such as the Microsoft Edge browser Windows Server - Microsoft server operating system that includes advanced security tools and a set of programs called Internet Information Services that manage web apps and services.