A Person Treating the U.S. Flag Contemptuously is

A person treating the U.S. flag contemptuously is - protected by the right to exercise free speech. Benjamin Gitlow's case was significant because it resulted in the Supreme Court's declaring that - freedom of speech and freedom of the press were "fundamental." Conflicts in civil liberties often arise because - the Bill of Rights lists several competing rights FISA stands for the - Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act If you, as a private individual, are grievously harmed by the statements of someone who can also prove that the statements are true, you - cannot collect damages from that person If you, as a public figure, are grievously harmed by the written statements of someone who cannot prove that they are true, you - can collect damages if you demonstrate malice In 1803, this U.S. president wrote a letter to the then governor of Pennsylvania requesting that he prosecute newspaper publishers for speaking out against the government. - Thomas Jefferson In a 1947 decision, the Supreme Court allowed a New Jersey town to fund busing to a parochial school because - busing was religiously neutral In an important recent decision, the Supreme Court upheld a voucher program for students attending religious and other private schools in Cleveland, Ohio, because - the aid was not given to particular schools but to the families who chose the schools. In Palko v. Connecticut (1937) the Supreme Court broadly ruled that certain provisions of the national Bill of Rights apply to the states because of - the notions of ordered liberty and fundamental rights In passing the Sedition Act of 1798, the Federalist were fearful that Thomas Jefferson and his party would - In recent years, the Supreme Court has ruled that two Kentucky counties could no longer display the Ten Commandments in - courthouses In the __________ case, the Supreme Court ruled that the part of the McCain-Feingold law that denied corporations and labor unions the right to run ads violated their rights to free speech under the Constitution. - Citizen United V. federal election commissions In this Supreme Court decision, the Court held that the federal guarantees of free speech and free press also applied to the states. - Gitlow case Justice Potter Stewart's oft-quoted dictum on hard-core as opposed to soft-core pornography was - "I know it when I see it." Military draft laws exempted "conscientious objectors" from military service. The Supreme Court ruled that conscientious objectives are individuals that - individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion. Senator Joseph McCarthy became a powerful policy entrepreneur by claiming that - communists had infiltrated the government Since 1992, having a member of the clergy offer a prayer or an invocation at a public school graduation ceremony is - unconstitutional Slander differs from libel in that it refers to - oral statements The "clear and present danger" test emerged in the Supreme Court's decision in the case of Schenck V. United States The Bill of Rights has come to apply to the states through the interpretation of - the Fourteenth Amendment The Bill of Rights was created to affect what - governmental power. The Bush administration held that those who were captured in Afghanistan and detained in military bases at Guantánamo are - unlawful combatants The clear-and-present danger test balanced what two ideas? - Free Speech and the Governments interest The earliest immigrant group to arrive in large numbers and thus alter the scope of civil rights issues consisted of - Irish Catholics The earliest incorporations of portions of the Bill of Rights relied on - The due process and equal protection clauses The First Amendment does not address - the right to bear arms The First Amendment states that Congress shall make no law prohibiting the "free exercise" of religion. It may, however, - make laws that impose a special burden on religion The historical reference to a "wall of separation" between religion and the state can be found in writings of Thomas Jefferson The immigrant group usually associated with the drive for bilingual education is composed of Hispanics The main provisions of the USA Patriot Act cover all of the following EXCEPT - voice mail. The Sedition Act of 1798 was, in part, the result of strained relations between the United States and - France The Supreme Court denied the Hazelwood High School student newspaper the right to print certain stories, using the argument that - the exercise of free expression by students cannot impede the educational mission of the school. The Supreme Court justice who compared some political speech to falsely shouting "Fire!" in a theater was - Oliver Wendell Holmes The Supreme Court's current definition of obscenity denies free-speech protection to materials or activities that - lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value. The USA Patriot Act modifies the law for grand jury hearings by - allowing investigators to exchange information obtained in such proceedings What act declared the Communist Party was conspiring to overthrow the government? Communist Control Act of 1954 What case determined that the federal government could not ban the private possession of firearms? - District of Colombia v. Heller What is symbolic speech? - legal term in United States law used to describe actions that purposefully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it When Clarence Brandenburg vacated the street at a Ku Klux Klan cross-burning rally as ordered but threatened to reoccupy it later, the Supreme Court overturned his conviction by arguing that government can only restrict speech when it - incites an imminent lawless action When the Supreme Court rules that Amish people cannot be forced to send their children to school, it - protects the free exercise of religion but opens itself to criticisms regarding establishment. When the USA Patriot Act was renewed in 2006, - only a few charges almost all provisions were made permanent When U.S. Nazis sought to parade in Skokie, Illinois, where many Jews lived, the courts upheld their right to parade peacefully Which of the following is NOT considered a civil liberty? - Which of the following was NOT made criminal by the passage of the Espionage and Sedition Acts (1917-1918)? - two laws, enacted in 1917 and 1918, that imposed harsh penalties on anyone interfering with or speaking against U.S. participation in WWI Which term best describes the manner in which the Supreme Court has applied the Bill of Rights to the states? - Selective incorporation Who can conduct warrantless searches in an attempt to gain foreign intelligence? - The President Why has the Supreme Court upheld the government's banning the burning of draft cards but declared unconstitutional a law banning the burning of the American flag? - The government has a right to run a military draft and so can protect draft cards, even if this restricts speech. Writing for the Supreme Court, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes proclaimed that Congress could punish dangerous speech when that speech - "clear and present danger" Written defamation of character is known as - libel