Module 36 thinking and Language 34-1: Structural components of a language language-spoken, written, figned words and now we combine them to communicate meaning 3 building blocks of a spoken language 1. Phonemes-smallest distinctive sound units ina language "english uses about 40 2. Morphemes the smallest unirs that carry meaning -Phonemes can be morphemes personal pronoun Lousually 2' Phonemes 3. grammar- rules that enable usio communicate w/ each other *40 phonemes100,000 morphemes 014.500 words -00 sentences -language development "you learn about 3500 words a year Loar 5 ylo you could talk better in English than a college student learning it for the first time youcan speak 3 words a second 30-2-Milestones in language development *receptive language Gat 4 months babies can recognize difperences in speeen sounds Productive language 1↳ ability to produce words babbling stage-at around 4 monins, baby makes various sounds unrelared to the household language BU-2- мнельнег in tanguage development (το ππηνες) Productive language L'as 10 monins siart to hear nousehold language Lyone word staat -communicare meaning two word srage -Two word Icentences ar 2 wort - relegraphic speech-mostly using nount and verbs Thy clementary, children understand complex sentences &numor 30- How do we aquire languagει Noan Chomiky vmytreat grammar an anquages inart some basic nements nouns, verbs, and adjectives paid we numans as vorm with a burit in premeposition to nature tarn grammar rules training nardiy noips. not born wlBuilt in Skinners 10100M and taperience work tommyr nurture specific language Statistical stärning wnen adults ten 10 an unfamiliar language, rullabies fun together unitza nasions uneye ranay shuns untanis doni nave inis problem-ability to learn statistical aspects of human spezin discern word breaks, analyze which syllabis commonly go together 7 menin elds canlearn simple sentence structures (ABB, ABA) chnical periods rimt period for mastering coriain aspects of language betore the languaet-learning window CLUIRS people who isarn a second language as adults usually speay it with the accent of meir native language & nave diffiCULTY mallering the new grammar the language warning window closes gradually in early childhood By age 7 those who have not been exposed to a spoken or signed language hart to lose their ability to matter any language taining to Jiên as tsens or adults = immigrant warning english 50-9 the brain language aphatia-impairment of language Laused by litt hemisphere damage to brocas aren (speaking) or to Wernicke's arza (understanding) different orain areas serve different language functions. Pavi Broca-Broca's Area-1805 Les Frontal lope controls language expression directs muscle movements involved in гресси Cars Wernicke Wernicke's area-1874 LT LEFI Temporal love-lanevage reception comprehensions expression