KMT: Phases of Matter & Postulates

University:
Fresno Pacific University
Course:
CHEM 103 | General Chemistry I
Academic year:

2024
Views:

0

Pages:

2
Author:

customer-8004173

Kinetic Molecular Theory Name: Brianna Ramirez Model 1: Representation of Atoms in Different Phases The following figures show the representative particles of a given substance in various states of matter. Cool or compress Heat or reduce pressure Cool Heat Gas Liquid Crystalline solid Key Questions 1. What are the key characteristics of atoms and molecules in gases, liquids, and solids? In Table 1 below, describe the characteristics of particles for each phase of matter based on Model 1. Be specific with regard to spacing, the potential of particles movement, and whether or not the particles will fill the container. Table 1: Characteristics of the Phases of Matter SOLID LIQUID GAS SPACING AND RELATIVE DENSITY tight spacing Somewhat loose Spacing very much more spacing. MOVEMENT & RELATIVE KINETIC ENERGY Vibrates at fixecl position Flow or glide over another Vibrate & move freely at high Speed. FILLING A CONTAINER (VOLUME) Do not fill cuntainer Completely Fills container to ts volume. Expand to fill container "SHAPE" AND MASS AND MISC Has definite Shape boes not have a shape, takes the shape of Montainer. NO Shape rov volume. 2. In which phase of matter is there the least spacing between particles? Solid 3. In which phase of matter is there the most potential for movement? gas 4. Which phase of matter does not have a definite shape yet the particles will not fill the container? gas 5. In terms of spacing, what is necessary to change from a solid to a liquid? Increase in spaning What is this process called? Melting How is this process accomplished? by applying hent until melting point 6. In terms of spacing, what is necessary to change from a liquid to a gas? merensing in spacing What is this process called? boiling How is this process accomplished? applect untill melting point 7. In terms of spacing, what is necessary to change from a liquid to a solid? decreving in swing What is this process called? s this process accomplished? by ning inns fiecary How is poirs Model 2: Postulates of the Kinetic Molecular Theory POSTULATES OF THE KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY 1. Gases consist of tiny particles (atoms or molecules). 2. These particles are so small compared with the distance between them that the volume (size) of the individual particles can be assumed to be negligible (zero). 3. The particles are in constant random motion, colliding with the walls of the container. These collisions with the walls cause the pressure exerted by the gas. 4. The particles are assumed to not attract or repel each other. 5. The average kinetic energy of the gas particles is directly proportional to the Kelvin (absolute) temperature of the gas. Key Questions: 8. As the temperature of a gas decreases, what change occurs in the amount of kinetic energy? There is less movement in gos particles. 9. What property of gas particles is measured I by temperature? Kinetic energy parte of gas 10. What is the relationship between temperature and molecular motion? There is a positive relationship between temps molecular motion

KMT: Phases of Matter & Postulates

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