Physiology - Multiple Choice Questions (with Answers)

1 , - PART А: Multiple choicequestions. Answer these оп the sheet provtded. Homeostasis 1. Which is the following is the best description of homeostasis? А. maintena псе of body function В. maintenance of body function at the optimum level at all times С. multiple systems working cooperatively to maintaln Ьоdу function at ап optimum level D. keeping the Ьоdу in balance multiple systems working cooperatively to maintain body function within normal limits (9 2. Which of the following is true? А. the regulation of body temperature Ьу sweating involves positive feedback childblrth is а way of maintaining homeostasis С. uncontrolled Ыeeding is ап example of homeostasis D. а fever in response to infection is NOT а way of maintaining homeostasis Е. the nervous system controls all homeostasis ® Cells and transport 3. Organelles that аЬsогЬ and neutralize drugs and toxins аге А. Lysosomes Peroxisomes С. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. Nuclei Е. Endocytic vesicles 4. The following is а list of the steps involved in the process of secretion Ьу the Golgi apparatus. 1. Material moves from cisterna to cisterna Ьу means of transfer vesicles. 2. Exocytosis. 3. Products from RER are packaged into tга nsport vesicles. 4. Secretory vesicles are formed at the maturing face. S. Vesicles arrive at the forming face. б. Enzymes modify arriving proteins and glycoproteins The correct order is А. 5, б, 1, 4, 2, 3 В. 2, 3, 5, б, 1, 4 С. 4, 3, 1, 6, s, 2 @ 3, S, 6, 1, 4, 2 Е. 1, 3, 6, 4, 2, 5 S. Generally, cells with а vегу brief interphase and lacking а Go phase аге stem cells В. do not exhiblt cytokinesis С. have brief life spans D. are reproductive cells Е. lack the enzyme DNA polymerase @ 6. The components of ribosomes are formed within А. The endoplasmic reticulum В. Golgi complexes С. Lysosomes D. Mitochondria @ Nucleoli 7. As each codon arrives at the active site of а riЬosome, it attracts another molecule containing the anticodon. The molecule is called А. mRNA В. DNA С. rRNA tRNA Е. RNA 8. AII of the following transpor1 mechanisms are passive processes except А. Diffusion В. Facilitated diffusion С. Osmosls Vesicular transpor1 Е. AII of the above 9. Hemolysis may occur when а Ыооd cell Is placed in а А. Homatonic solution В. lsotonic solution @ Hypotonic solution D. Salt solution Е. Hyper1onic solution 10. Compared to the extracellular fluid, cytosol contains А higher concentration of potassium ions В. А lower concentration af dissolved protelns С. almost по glycogen D. An increased concentratlon of amino acids Е. Almost по lipids @ Tissues and Membranes 11. Тhе following are functions af connective tissues А. storing energy В. providing а framewark for the body С. protection from the environment (Е! AandB Е. AII of the а bove 12. Perichondrium and periosteum А. consist of adipose and mesenchymal cells в. contain on ly а matrlx of proteins С. are lrregular connective tissues around car1ilage and Ьоnе D. are connective tissues around Ьоnе Е. consist of collagen cells 13. Which of the followlng is true? А. tendons are made from loose areolar connectlve tissue В. ligaments are made from loose areolar connective tissue с. all connective tissues are made from collagen D. all connective tissues are made from keratin Vdense connective tissues are stronger than loose ones 14. Where would you expect to find stratified squamous epithelia? А. in the testes in the kidney tubules С in the vagina D. in the small intestine Е. А & С are true Nervous system 15. Which nervous system controis skeletai muscle А. Sympathetic В. Parasympathetic С. Afferent Somatic Е. Autonomic @ 16. Which of the following interactions between electrical and chemical gradients does not lead to the estaЬlishment of а neuron's resting potentlal? А. Chemicai and electrical forces both favor sodium ions enterlng the celi 8.:..,1Electrical forces push sodium ions out of the cell С. Chemical forces tend to drlve potassium ions aut of the cell D. Potassium ions are attracted to the negat ive charges inside the cell Е. Potassium ions are repulsed Ьу posit ive charges outside the cell I , r 17. Which ofthe following statements about the action potential is false 7 The rapid depolarization phase is caused Ьу the entry of potassium ions В. During the repolarization phase, sodium channels close and potassium channels open С. During the depolarization phase, membrane potential becomes positive D. ln the after-hyperpolarization phase, membrane potential approaches the potassium equilibrium potential Е. None of these statements is false-all are true 18. The absolute refractory period refers to А. The period during which membrane potentlal almost normal and а very large stimulus сап initiate an action potentlal В. The perlod durlng whlch the membrane is being depolarised to the threshold. С. Тhе process where effects of all graded potentials are integrated at г- one region of plasma membrane. 12; ,,. The perlod durlng whlch Na• channels are open or inactivated and по action potential is possiЫe. Е. lf а stimulus reaches threshold, then an action potential always triggered 19. ln chemical synapses А. There is direct physical contact between cells. В. lons flow directly from one cell to another through gap junctions С. The synapse is held in position Ьу connexons. (о. ) Signals are propagated from а presynaptic to postsynaptic cell via neurotransmitters. Е. Аге located in CNS and PNS but are very rare. Muscles and the muscuiar system 20. Calcium ions trigger the start of muscle contraction Ьу А. providing the energy required � releasing АТР for energy use (V Ыnding to troponin to reveal Ыnding sites in actin filaments D. Ыnding to myosin to reveal blnding sites Е. emptylng the sarcoplasmic reticulum 21. Smooth muscle А. is under voluntary and involuntary Г'- control 1.,_В) сап Ье found in the еуе, uterus and Ыооd vessels С. сап Ье found in the еуе and heart D. is known for its rapid contraction Е. is striated 22. Са rdiac muscle sha res what property with skeletal muscle? А. Ьoth under somatic control В. Ьoth multinucleate (syncytiaJ} С. Ьoth have spindie-shaped cells 1 Ьoth are striated Е. neither has true sarcomeres @,, 23. The triceps brachii muscle gets its name from ... А. lts fu nction В. lts triangular shape С. The two heads it possesses D. The three heads it possesses and its location оп the upper leg The three heads it possesses and its location оп the аrm G:' 24. What kind of muscle tissue is directly involved in the regulation of Ыооd pressure? ! ycardiac and smooth muscle В. smooth muscle only С. cardiac muscle only D. all muscle kinds Е. skeletal muscle only .. . 26. Epiphyseal lines would Ье found А. in the centre of the diaphysis В. in osteons С. in long Ьones of adults D in long Ьones of children Е. in yellow marrow of children 30. Which statement Ьest descrlbes the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANSI in the regulation of heart rate: А. the cardioaccelatory centre controls the activity of parasympathetlc neurons to increases heart rate. В. innervation of the heart Ьу the sympathetlc nervous system can increase heart rate and contractility of the heart. С. the cardioinhiЬitory centre controls the activity of sympathetic neurons to decrease heart rate. D. acetylcholine, released Ьу neurons that аге part of the par.isympathetlc nervous system, decreases heart rate. options Ь and d together 27. During appositional growth А. bone is replaced Ьу cartilage. В. osteoЬlasts are overwhelmed Ьу osteocytes. {§; bones grow wider D. the epiphysis fuses with the diaphysis. Е. bones grow longer. 31. The maln control of periplteral resistance occurs in the (д) arteriole artery. С. venule. D. capillary. Е. vein. Bone & the skeletal system 25. Wh ich of the following is а function of the skeletal system? А. secretion and absorptlon В. contraction storage of minerals D. А, В and С аЬоvе Е. communicatlon 28. The shaft of а long Ьоnе is called the А. tamella. В. epiphyseal plate. С. epiphysis. (g , diaphysis Е. metaphysis. Blood and Cardiovascular system 29. Which of the following is not а phase of erythropoiesis? А. production of riЬosomes В. synthesis of hemogloЫn С. ejection of the erythrocyte nucleus ,�! production of vacuoles Е. none of the above O '-в. 32.. People with type АВ Ыооd are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because А. their Ыооd cells lack А and В antigens. В. their Ыооd lacks А or В agglutinins. С. they are usually Rh negative. D. they usually have very strong immune systems. Е. their Ыооd is plentiful in А а nd В agglutinins. 33. The normal pacemaker of the heart is located in the {1.!) sinoatrial node. Purkinje fiЬers. С. atrioventricu la r node. D. wall of the left ventricle. Е. both the left and right ventricles. У. ''