University:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Course:
16.01 | Unified Engineering I, II, III, & IV
Academic year:

2019
Views:

279

Pages:

1
Author:

kundgetanufv

Lecture F1 Mud: Intro Concepts & Deﬁnitions (40 respondents) 1. Explain PRS #1 (1 student) For a ﬂuids situation to be Hydrodynamic or Aerodynamic in nature, the ﬂuid must be moving relative to an object. In the PRS question, the water does not move past the buoy. So that’s an example of Hydrostatics. 2. Why is p = lim �Fn /�A, and not just F/A ? (1 student) This is just notation convention. The deﬁnition is similar to that of a derivative, where �A becomes dA in the limit. Later in the course we will write dFn = p dA when integrating all the pressure forces on a wing. 3. If the observer frame changes, wouldn’t p(x, y, z, t) be diﬀerent functions? (6 students) Very good question. I think I was unclear on what I meant by “same” or “diﬀerent”, both on the PRS question and in the discussion. Yes, the two observers will see diﬀerent p(t) time traces at each observer’s origin (x, y, z) = (0, 0, 0), for example. But at the instant when the two origins cooincide (obesrvers are momentarily on top of each other), the two p(t) values will be numerically equal. Likewise for the two �(t) traces. But the V (t) and po (t) traces will not be numerically equal. 4. How can you tell when a scalar ﬁeld is the same for diﬀerent observers? (1 student) There’s no guaranteed litmus test. You have to look at the physical situation and decide. This is one job of a physicist. 5. If po is a “pressure quantity”, why does it depend on the observer, unlike p? (1 student) It’s partly because po is a somewhat hypothetical quantity which isn’t directly measur able at a point, unless you intentionally bring it to rest (drive V � 0). One observer’s deﬁnition of “at rest” is diﬀerent from another’s. We’ll cover this more later. 6. In which frame will po be most useful? (1 student) Great question! In most cases, po is most useful in that frame in which the ﬂow is steady. It’s useful to an observer moving with the airplane (steady ﬂow). It’s less useful to a stationary observer who sees the plane ﬂy by (unsteady ﬂow). 7. No mud (29 students)