Muscles of the Face

Muscles of the Face Frontalis Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Levator labii superioris Zygomaticus (cut) Zygomaticus minor Zygomaticus major Masseter Buccinator Orbicularis oris Risorius Depressor anguli oris (also called Triangularis) Depressor labii inferioris Mentalis Platysma Muscles of Facial Expression Blood Supply: External Carotid Artery Motor Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) Sensory Innervation: Trigeminal Nerve (V) 1) Frontalis (worry muscle): a. Actions: Raises eyebrows, furrows brow b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin: from galea aponeurotica d. Insertion: to skin above the eyebrows 2) Occipitalis – not shown on diagram (in back): a. Actions: pulls scalp back (in back) b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) 2 c. Origin: from posterior back of skull d. Insertion: to anteriorly with the galea aponeurotica 1 13 13 3 3) Orbicularis oculi (sphincter muscle of the eyelid): a. Actions: squinting, closes eye, crowsfeet, eye bags b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin/Insertion: surrounds rim of orbit 4) Zygomaticus (major and minor) (smiling muscle): a. Actions: raises corners of mouth upward 14, 15 b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) (deep) c. Origin: from corners of mouth d. Insertion: to zygomatic bone 4a) Risorius: a. Actions: pulls laps laterally (helps with smiling) b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin: from fascia of masseter d. Insertion: to skin at corner of mouth 5) Orbicularis oris (kissing muscle): a. Actions: closes lips, purses and protrudes lips b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin/Insertion: surrounds mouth 6) Mentalis (pouting muscle): a. Actions: protrudes lower lip, wrinkles chin b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin: v-shaped pair from point of chin d. Insertion: to Orbicularis oris 4 4a 5 4 10 11 8 4 9 9 6 7 12 Muscles of Facial Expression (continued) 7) Buccinator: a. Actions: compresses cheeks for whistling, blowing and sucking (infants), holds food between teeth during chewing b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin: from Orbicularis oris across cheek d. Insertion: back to maxilla and mandible by molars 1 8) Platysma (grimace muscle): a. Actions: helps depress mandible b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin: from mandible d. Insertion: to skin over clavicle (in back) 2 9) Levator labii superioris: a. Actions: opens the lips and flares the nostrils b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin: from the zygomatic arch and 14, 15 infraorbital margin of the maxilla (deep) d Insertion: to the skin and muscle of the upper lip 10 ) Depressor anguli oris or Triangularis (frowning muscle): a. Actions: pulls corners of the mouth down b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin: from corners of mouth d. Insertion: to mandible 11) Depressor labii inferioris (pouting muscle): a. Actions: pulls lower lip down down b. Innervation: Facial Nerve (Vll) c. Origin: from mandible d. Insertion: to the skin and muscle of lower lip Clinical Significance: Bell’s Palsy (Facial Nerve by ear) Symptoms: • Tearing (cannot blink, so irritation) • Food collects in cheeks behind (buccinators paralyzed) • Cannot whistle (Orbicularis oris paralyzed) 13 3 9 9 4 4a 5 4 10 11 8 6 4 7 12 Muscles of Mastication (Chewing) Blood Supply: Maxillary Artery (off External Carotid Artery) Innervation: Trigeminal Nerve (V) 12) Masseter: a. Actions: closes (elevates) mandible (powerful for chewing) b. Innervation: Trigeminal Nerve (V) c. Origin: from angle of mandible (cheek) d. Insertion: to zygomatic arch (lateral jaw) 13) Temporalis: a. Actions: closes (elevates) mandible and retracts jaw b. Innervation: Trigeminal Nerve (V) c. Origin: from carotid process d. Insertion: to temporal bone 1 (in back) 2 13 13 3 9 9 14, 15 (deep) 14) Medial pterygoid (deep below zygomatic arch) – not shown on diagram: a. Actions: closes (elevates) mandible, side to side movement b. Innervation: Trigeminal Nerve (V) c. Origin: from sphenoid bone, maxilla and palatine bone d. Insertion: to medial (deep) mandible surface near angle 4 4a 5 4 10 11 8 6 15) Lateral pterygoid (deep below zygomatic arch) – not shown on diagram: a. Actions: protrudes mandible, side to side grinding, stabilizes temporal-mandibular joint b. Innervation: Trigeminal Nerve (V) c. Origin: from sphenoid bone d. Insertion: to the condyle of the mandible and the TMJ capsule 7) Buccinator: though a muscle of facial expression, it also helps with chewing. 4 7 12