The Progressive Era: African-Americans in the South

The Progressive Era: African-Americans in the South 1. Slavery ended in 1865, but slavery legacy endures to this day 2. What does this mean? Full/true equality has not yet been achieved 3. From 1865-1877 thousands of southern black people went to newly created HBC’s: opened businesses, went to politics and science, and did various other things with their lives during a period called Reconstruction 4. From 1877-1900, southern whites created a new form of slavery known as Jim Crow 5. What did Jim Crow do? a. It drove black people out of politics b. It segregated them in terms of schools, hospitals, restaurants, sports, etc. c. It made them second class citizens. d. It created negative stereotypes of black peopleto justify discrimination e. It even led to lynching (public killing of black people by a mob to send a message.) 6. So what did southern whites want from black people? 7. Three famous black progressives emerged during during this period to help African-Americans: a. Booker T. Washington- born a slave and founded Tuskegee Institute b. W.E.B. DuBois- helped create the NAACP (1908) and was the 1st black man to get a PhD from harvard. c. Ida Wells-Barnett: tried to stop lynching and tried to get women the right to vote 8. DuBios became angry with washington, and Ida Wells-Barnett fled to chicago to aviod lynching 9. Let's take a closer look at why some black people were lynched Progressive Movement: Women Wanted the Right to Vote! 1. Ever since the American Revolution, women have wanted more rights! 2. In 1848 they created a document just like the Dec of Independence that blamed men for their situation 3. E.C. Station; S. B. Anothony; Sojourner Truth; I. B. Wells; and Nannie Helen Burroughs all demanded the right to vote 4. Many white and black men told them: “A Woman’s place is not in politics. Your place is in the home.” 5. By 1890 some women formed an organization called NAWSA to fight for the right to vote 6. Carrie Chapman Catt led NAWSA - but a fight occurred with some of the younger women. 7. These younger women, led by Alice Paul from NJ and Lucy Stone from NYC, pushed for an amendment to the Constitution! They were super smart; tough; and aggressive. Their new organization was the National Women’s party; NWP. 8. They hated anti-female stereotypes; men were smarter; stronger; more emotionally stable; etc…. 9. They protested in front of the White House; got arrested and went on hunger strikes. 10. They were abused in prison-- but never gave up the fight. The constitution had to be changed! 11. Finally, just after WW1, women got it: the 19th Amendment; to the Constitution (1920) How do Three Progresive Presidents Change America 1. How many presidents have been murdered in all of US History? 2. TR: (Republican) - 19001 to 1908. 1st progressive president. 3. His plan was to help America was the “Square Deal” a. Protect Consumers: Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) and Meat Inspection Act (1906) b. Conserve natural resources: created national parks and Forestry Department c. Control operations: regulated and broke up some trusts (another name for monopolies). 4. Invited B.T. Washington to the White House for dinner and was sharply criticized for it! 5. Taft: (Republican)- 1908-1912. 2nd progressive president 6. Taft followed TR’s lead. He was mocked over his weight. He broke up lots of his trusts (monopolies) a. He regulated the railroads and protected the environment. 7. Woodrow Wilson: (Democrat)-1912-1920. 3rd Progressive President! Brilliant, but a racist. 8. He created America’s National Bank? The Federal Reserve (still around) 9. He broke up some trusts (monopolies). He lowered tariffs 1. 2. a. 3. a. 4. a. b. c. 5. a. 6. 7. Government: The U.S. is the oldest existing nation in the world with a “constitutional government.” We are a federal republic. People (race/ethnicity): What % of America is black, white, Asian & Latino? Blacks = 13%; Latinos = 17%; Whites = 60%; Asians = 5%; N. Americans =.9% Religions in America: Protestantism = 50%; Catholicism = 23%; Judaism = 2%; Islam = 1%; Mormonism = 1.8%; other religions = 2.5% Wealth: America is considered the richest nation. What nation is number 2? An average American earns 47K$ & an average family earns 53K$ per year. An average NJ worker earns 67K$ & an average NJ family earns 73K$. What percent of Americans live in poverty? 12-15% (estimated) Life expectancy: White male = 76; white female = 81; black male =72; black female = 78; Hispanic male = 79; Hispanic female = 84. Native Americans = 74. Size: America is the 3rd largest nation & the 3rd most populated. America has superpower status in size; population; wealth; military might.