Vanessa Frederic - 1920s DBQ. Roaring 20s vs Anxiety & Tension

1920s DBQ Question: Was the decade of the 1920s more a time of excitement and joy or was it more a time of tension and violence? Guidelines: a. The DBQ must be TWO pages long, double spaced. b. The thesis must be at the end of your introduction and must have at least two main ideas. c. You must use / CITE at least four documents. There is a “cheat sheet” to help you at the end of the DBQ. d. You must have at least four paragraphs. e. You cannot use “I” or “me” f. You will have time in class for this assignment. g. This DBQ must be in your own words. h. You must use some information not in the DBQ on the 1920s (anything we’ve learned from notes / documentaries / readings / etc) i. Worth: 100 points j. Due date: Periods 3 & 4 = December 7. Periods 5 & 7 = December 8. Document 1 Jazz to me is one of the inherent expressions of Negro life in America: the enternal tom-tom beating in the Negro soul--the tom-tom of revolt aginst weariness ina white world, a world of subway traing, and work, work, work; the tom-tom of joy and laughter, and pain swallowed in a smile. Yet the Philadelphia upper class woman...turns up her nose at jazz and all its manifestations --likewise anything else distinctly racial...She wants the artist to flatter her, to make the white world believe that all Negroes are as smug and as near white in soul as she wants to be. But, to my mind, it is the duty of the younger Negro artist...to change through the force of his art that old whispering “I want to be white,” hidden in the aspirations of his people, to “Why should I want to be white? I am Negro-- and beautiful.” (Source: Langston Hughes, “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain,” The Nation, 1926) 1. What do you know of the man who wrote this: Langston Hughes? I know that he was one of the greatest writers, poets, and speakers of the harlem renascidos. 2. What does he say the Philadelphia upper class woman wants? He says that the woman wants to seem and appear to her white. She wants black people to be white. 3. What is the “duty” of the younger Negro artist? The duty is to be proud to be black. Do not inspire to be white. He is basically saying to be yourself. 4. How can you use this document to answer the DBQ question (joy vs anxiety)? This doc shows you that in the 1920s there were black people who celebrated their race, culture, and achievements. Document 2 The white race must be supreme, not only in America but in the world. This is equally undebatable, except on the ground that the races might live together, each with full regard for the rights and interests of others, and that those rights and interests would never conflict. Such an idea, of course, is absurd; the colored races today, such as Japan, are clamoring not for equality but for their supremacy. The whole history of the world, on its broader lines, has been one of race conflicts, wars, subjugation or extinction. The world has been so made that each race must fight for its life, must conquer, accept slavery or die. The Klansman believes that the whites will not become slaves, and he does not intend to die before his time. . . . Also...Protestantism must be supreme; Rome shall not rule America. The Klansman believes this is not merely because he is a Protestant, nor even because the Colonies that are now our nation were settled for the purpose of wrestling America from the control of Rome and establishing a land free of conscience. He believes it also because Protestantism is an essential part of Americanism; without it America could never have been created and without it she cannot go forward. Roman rule would kill it. (Source: Imperial Wizard Hiram Wesley Evans, “The Klan’s Fight for Americanism,” The North American Review, March 1926) 1. Who was Hiram Wesley Evans? He is the imperial wizard and leader of the kkk. 2. Did the KKK of the 1920s have the same goals as the KKK after the Civil War? White supremacy and protestant supremacy. 3. How can you use this document to answer the DBQ question (joy vs anxiety)? We can tell that this document is anxiety because they lynched, hated foreigners, passed laws to keep immigrants out, and were biased and racist. Document 3 (Source: Editorial cartoon, 1924, E. J. Pace) 1. Who is the man in the cartoon supposed to be? The man is john scopes 2. What is he doing with those children in the background? He is leading the children away from god and using education to do it. 3. What real life situation from the 1920s does this relate to? It is related to the monkey trial in Tennessee. 4. How can you use this document / cartoon to answer the DBQ question (joy vs anxiety)? I can use it by using joy and anxiety also you can use it by teaching science and you can use it by saying that religion is threatened by education. Document 4 (Source: Duluth Herald; June 1920) 1. What happened to three black men in Duluth, Minnesota? The three black man were lynched in duluth. 2. What were they accused of? A 19 year old woman said she was robbed and raped by 6 black men. A doctor examined her and said he saw no signs of rape 3. Think about what you already know. How can you use this document / newspaper headline to answer the DBQ question? Anxiety/ violence. A black man/black town could be wiped out by anything a White person said/lie. Document 5 (Source: Photo, NYC, circa 1920s) 1. What is the term used to describe women like these from the 1920s? Flappers is the term used to describe women like these from the 1920s. 2. What are they doing? They are doing the charleston 3. How would you use this document / photograph to answer the DBQ question? I would use this document and photograph for Joy and prosperity. I can also use this for women pushing boundaries, having fun, and etc. Document 6 (Source: Jeunesse - painting by Palmer Hayden, 1927) 1. This painting is an example of artwork produced under what period? Harlem Ren. This painting is an example of the Harlem Renaissance. 2. What is happening in the painting? In the painting there is a celebration of life. 3. How can you use this document / painting to answer the DBQ question about the 1920s? I can use this document for joy, celebration of blak life, and culture. Document 7 (Source: Photograph, 1927) 1. Who is this man in the photograph and how did he become famous in the 1920s? The man in the photograph is Charles Lindbergh. He became famous because he flew nonstop from New York City to Paris. 2. How can you use this photograph / document to answer the DBQ question? I can use this photograph to talk about joy and excitement. I can also use it to show that humans are capable of great things if they work hard enough. Document 8 (Source: The Times, August, 1927) 1. Who were Sacco & Vanzetti? What were they charged with? They were two italian immigrants and anarchists with heavy accents. They were charged with robbery and murder. 2. Why is their story such a big deal within American history? Their trial was a joke. The judge, jurors misbehaved and had bad conduct. They said they were innocent but were electrocuted 7 years later. They swore they didn’t rob and murder. 3. How does this document / newspaper help answer the DBQ question about the 1920s? This document represents anxiety and violence. Anti-immigrant/anti-catholic/anti-italian beliefs How to Cite the Documents: A Cheat Sheet! (You need to cite FOUR documents) DOCUMENT 1: According to Langston Hughes, … (1) DOCUMENT 2: According to KKK leader Hiram Evans, …(2) DOCUMENT 3: According to E. J. Pace’s cartoon, …(3) DOCUMENT 4: According to the Duluth Herald, …(4) DOCUMENT 5: According to the photograph of the women dancing, …(5) DOCUMENT 6: According to Palmer Hayden’s painting, …(6) DOCUMENT 7: According to the photograph of Charles Lindbergh, …(7) DOCUMENT 8: According to The Times newspaper, …(8)