Vein Blood Sampling

VEIN BLOOD SAMPLING The blood sampling technique is actually not difficult, but the dangers it causes are much greater than capillary blood sampling, if it is not done carefully and carefully. Location In general, all veins are quite large and in location superficial(surface) can be used for blood sampling. But in practice what is often used is regional veinscubital fossaespeciallymedian cubital vein.In small children or babies, if necessary, blood samples can be taken fromexternal jugular vein, femoral vein, and even from superior sagittal sinus. Tools 1)Syringe (syringe and needle) - The syringe must be clean and dry. The condition for sterility is not absolute, except for blood samples for culture. The sizesyringe depending on the amount of blood sample required. - The needles used are generally NO needles. 2 (European sizes) or Gage 18-21 (USA sizes).In small children and babies, smaller needles can be used (wing needle–winged needles) due to the small veins in these children or babies. - Nowadays it has been found a lotdisposable syringe a clean, dry and sterile one that can only be used once. Also there is a tool calledvacutainer , namely a blood sampling tool in the form of a tube with a rubber cap where the space inside the tube is vacuum. 2)Tourniquet (hedge) The tourniquet can be replaced with another tool such as a plastic hose (used for infusion), which is important for its function as a containment tool. 3)Bottle (blood sample collection place) - Requirements: the bottle must be clean, dry and have a lid. - The volume of the bottle should not be too large for the number of blood samples to be accommodated. - Bottles filled with anticoagulants or not depend on the type of examination required, but bottles containing anticoagulants and bottles do not have to be separated. Things that need to be considered - Observe carefully the place where the blood sample will be taken. Make sure the vein to be used is large enough, located on the surface, and well fixed. - In obese people the location of the veins is rather deep. Carefully palpate the location of the vein. - Small veins (looking like blue lines) are generally difficult to use. - To make it easier to take, you can block the area proximal to the vein that will be used and also ask the patient to make a fist.his hand. Containment should not be too long because hemoconcentration will occur. - If the location of the vein is not clear, never try to puncture it. Likewise, patients who are afraid must be approached first. - The syringe used before injecting the needle must ensure that the piston of the syringe is completely aligned at the front end (no air should be present), the needle is firmly positioned. Work procedures 1) A tourniquete is placed on the patient's upper arm. 2) Disinfect the area around the vein to be punctured with 70% alcohol or other disinfectant, then let it dry. 3) The vein is fixed by tensing the skin distal to the vein with the help of the left thumb. 4) With the needle hole facing upwards, the vein is inserted slowly. When the tip of the needle has entered the vein, you will feel a sudden reduction in pressure. Large veins can be used directly, while for smaller veins it is better to insert the needle first between the skin and the vein and then penetrate the vein. 5) If successful, you will immediately see blood entering the syringe and the collection is continued by slowly pulling the plunger until the desired amount of blood is obtained. 6) The tourniquete is removed. 7) A piece of sterile cotton is placed on the wound at the puncture site, then the needle is removed slowly. 8) The patient is asked to continue pressing the piece of cotton for 1 – 2 minutes while raising his arm up. 9) The needle is removed from the syringe and the blood sample is placed slowly into the bottle provided so that no foam forms. It is best if the blood flows through the walls of the bottle when pouring it. 10) If using an anticoagulant, immediately shake the collection bottle gently so that the blood mixes well with the anticoagulant.