University:
San Jose State University
Course:
CHEM 145 | Inorganic Chemistry
Academic year:

2023
Views:

297

Pages:

3
Author:

Amira Hester

Chapter: 6 Chemical Nomenclature ≡ Chemical naming (Reference to: Figure 5.8 of your book.) A formula is an abbreviation used to represent a compound. Subscripts are used to show the composition of a compound. Parentheses in a formula indicate a group of atoms that behave as a unit, i.e.: Al2(SO4)3 Main group Elements: + Hydrogen Hydrogen ion H Hydrogen Hydride ion H + Lithium Lithium ion Li Magnesium Magnesium ion Mg2+ Aluminum Aluminum ion Al3+ 3phosphorus Phosphide ion P 2Sulfur Sulfide ion S Fluorine Fluoride ion F 1) Binary compounds containing a metal and a nonmetal: Hydride fluoride chloride bromide iodide lithium LiH LiF LiCl LiBr LiI sodium NaH NaF NaCl NaBr NaI potassium KH KF KCl KBr KI Oxide sodium NaO magnesium MgO calcium CaO Sulfide Na2S MgS CaS Nitride Na3N Mg3N2 Ca3N2 phosphide Na3P Mg3P2 Ca3P2 2) Binary compounds containing hydrogen and a nonmetal: (prefix, suffix) gas Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Fluoride Chloride Bromide HF HCl HBr aqueous Hydrofluoric Hydrochloric Hydrobromic acid acid acid carbide Na4C Mg2C Ca2C Hydrogen sulfide H2S Hydrosulfu acid 3) Binary compounds containing two nonmetals: The compound can be distinguished by the Greek prefixes: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 mono di tri tetra penta hexa hepta octa nona deca [CO, carbon monoxide] [CO2 , carbon dioxide] [NO2, nitrogen dioxide] [N2O5, dinitrogen pentoxide] [BCl3, Boron trichloride] [SiCl4, Silicon tetrachloride] [Si2Cl6, disilicon hexachloride] [N2O4, dinitrogen tetraoxide], [IF7, iodine heptafluoride] [SO2, sulfur dioxide] Oxidation Number [Transition Elements]: The charge on a monatomic ion is referred to oxidation number of the element. Cr: [Ar]4s1 3d5 element chromium Cr2+: [Ar] 3d4 ion Chromium (II) Cr3+: [Ar] 3d3 ion Chromium (III) Fe: [Ar]4s2 3d6 element Iron Fe2+: [Ar] Iron (II) ferrous 3d6 ion 3+ 5 Fe : [Ar] 3d ion Iron (III) ferric 2+ Hg2 ! ion Mercury (I) Hg2+ ion Mercury (II) Oxyacids (example) Acid Acid name HClO4 perchloric HClO3 chloric HClO2 chlorous HClO hypochlorous HCl hydrochloric Anion ClO4ClO3ClO2ClOCl- Anion name perchlorate chlorate chlorite hypochlorite chloride Nitric acid: HNO3 Nitrous acid: HNO2 Nitrate ion: NO3Nitrite ion: NO2- Sulfuric acid: H2SO4 Sulfurous acid: H2SO3 Hydrosulfuric acid: H2S Sulfate ion: SO42Sulfite ion: SO32Sulfide ion: S2-

CHEM 145 Inorganic Chemistry, Chapter 6 Notes

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