University:
Stanford University
Course:
MED 101 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2023
Views:

361

Pages:

1
Author:

larbi43100

MALFORMATIONS DUE TO ANAMALY 1. Malformations secondary to a tree anomaly respiratory Some are secondary to tree division anomalies bronchial: ✪Total or unilateral agenesis (by stopping the division process dichotomous), very rare, most often associated with a reduction in amniotic fluid volume (oligohydramnios). ✪Segmentation anomalies, most often without consequences functional. ✪ The others result from cystic dilatation of the extremities bronchial at the time of the formation of respiratory bronchioles and alveolar unfolding. ✪They are often linked to a genetic anomaly. 2. Malformations secondary to an abnormality of individualization of the respiratory bud ✪The most severe malformations are atresias of the esophagus most often with esophago-tracheal fistula which can present various anatomical aspects but all result in the passage of fluids into the lungs and are generally accompanied by an excess of amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios). ✪Reductions in tracheal caliber or stenoses without anatomical modification of the esophageal path. 3. The most common malformation The most common malformation (1/2500 births) is pulmonary hypoplasia secondary to diaphragmatic hernia and appendices Glossary. Pulmonary hypoplasia ✪This is a notable reduction in lung volume secondary to the protrusion of the abdominal viscera into the rib cage through the diaphragm. ✪The respiratory system is not malformed and the diaphragmatic anomaly can benefit from surgical treatment. Appendices Glossary : ✪Agenesis: Absence of development of a primordium embryonic. ✪Dichotomous: Mode of division of an embryonic structure resulting in the appearance of two analogous secondary structures.