University:
Stanford University
Course:
MED 101 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2023
Views:

217

Pages:

2
Author:

larbi43100

‭1.‬ ‭THE DIAGNOSIS OF A DEPRESSIVE EPISODE‬ ‭including a sadness of mood, a psychomotor slowing syndrome and‬ ‭instinctive‬ ‭disorders‬ ‭evolving‬ ‭for‬ ‭at‬ ‭least‬ ‭15‬ ‭days‬ ‭and‬ ‭inducing‬ ‭clinically‬ ‭significant‬ ‭distress‬ ‭or‬ ‭impairment in social or other important functioning.‬ ‭1.1.‬ ‭Depressive Syndrome‬ ‭It combines a clinical triad, often with an insidious onset.‬ ‭1.1.1.‬ ‭Depressed mood‬ ‭A sad mood‬ ‭There‬‭is‬‭a‬‭feeling‬‭of‬‭sadness,‬‭which‬‭can‬‭vary‬‭from‬‭the‬‭exaggeration‬‭of‬‭a‬‭normal‬‭feeling‬‭of‬‭sadness‬‭to‬ ‭moral‬ ‭pain.‬ ‭The‬ ‭sadness‬ ‭is‬ ‭apparent,‬ ‭persistent‬ ‭and‬ ‭sometimes‬ ‭inconsolable.‬‭It‬‭may‬‭be‬‭replaced‬‭by‬ ‭dysphoria, which is a feeling of boredom associated with an irritable mood.‬ ‭A loss of interest and pleasure‬ ‭Sadness‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭replaced‬ ‭by‬ ‭or‬ ‭coexist‬ ‭with‬ ‭a‬ ‭general‬ ‭feeling‬ ‭of‬ ‭weariness‬ ‭and‬ ‭disinterest,‬ ‭often‬ ‭leading‬‭to‬‭an‬‭experience‬‭of‬‭helplessness‬‭and‬‭guilt.‬‭There‬‭is‬‭also‬‭an‬‭inability‬‭to‬‭feel‬‭pleasure‬‭in‬‭usually‬ ‭pleasant‬ ‭activities:‬ ‭this‬ ‭is‬ ‭depressive‬ ‭anhedonia‬ ‭which‬ ‭can‬ ‭affect,‬ ‭in‬ ‭severe‬ ‭forms,‬ ‭affectionate‬ ‭feelings: this is affective anesthesia.‬ ‭A negative view of oneself, the world and the future‬ ‭‬The vision of self‬‭is negative : feelings of inferiority, incapacity and uselessness, sometimes with ideas‬ ‭of helplessness and guilt.‬ ‭‬The world view‬‭and relationships with those around them are also negative.‬ ‭‬The vision of the future‬‭is reduced to only pessimistic potentialities.‬ ‭Pessimism, anhedonia, disinterest and discouragement can lead to a disgust with life, sometimes‬ ‭leading to suicidal thoughts.‬ ‭1.1.2.‬ ‭Psychomotor slowing‬ ‭Engine slowdown‬ ‭He experiences bradykinesia which results in hypomimia and a reduction in gestural punctuation of‬ ‭speech. Everything in the subject's attitude seems slow: slow walking.‬ ‭1.1.3.‬ ‭Instinctual disorders‬ ‭Sleeping troubles‬ I‭‬ nsomnia‬‭late‬‭nightis‬‭the‬‭most‬‭evocative‬‭(early‬‭awakening).‬‭It‬‭can‬‭also‬‭be‬‭insomnia‬‭falling‬‭asleep,‬‭in‬ ‭the middle of the night, or mixed.‬ ‭‬Hypersomnia‬‭is possible,but more rare Appetite disorders‬ ‭‬Anorexia‬‭, more frequent, may be accompanied by weight loss.‬ ‭‬The increase‬‭appetiteis rarer. Sexual disorders‬ ‭‬Sexual disinterest with reduced desire in both sexes.‬ ‭‬Erectile dysfunction in men and orgasm problems in women.‬ ‭1.1.4.‬ ‭Associated symptoms‬ ‭Anxiety‬ ‭Anxiety is often present in depression and leaves a specific mark on it:‬ ‭dysphoric mood, motor instability, insomnia when‬‭falling asleep. Somatic‬ ‭symptoms‬ ‭In addition to asthenia, various pains, including headaches, may be reported, as well as digestive and‬ ‭genitourinary symptoms.‬ ‭Character disorders‬ ‭Sometimes, the depressive picture combines either regression and passivity or hostility and intolerance to‬ ‭those around them (noise, requests, etc.).‬