University:
Stanford University
Course:
MED 101 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2023
Views:

176

Pages:

2
Author:

larbi43100

‭Medical treatment‬ ‭It is based on 5-aminosalicylic acid derivatives (sulfasalazine, mesalamine,‬ ‭balsalazide) for moderate flare-ups, and on corticosteroids (oral prednisone or‬ ‭IV hydrocortisone) for more severe flare- ups. Serious outbreaks require‬ ‭hospitalization.‬ ‭Other medications can be used depending on the case:‬ ‭-‬ ‭ etronidazole: the risk of peripheral neuropathy is however high‬ m ‭(up to 50% of cases after 6 months of use);‬ ‭-‬ ‭ iprofloxacin (antibiotic);‬ c ‭tacrolimus (antibiotic and immunomodulator);‬ ‭budesonide: its main advantage is to reduce the risk of corticosteroid‬ ‭dependence;‬ ‭immunosuppressants (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine,‬ ‭methotrexate): they require regular monitoring of the blood count‬ ‭and liver enzymes;‬ ‭infliximab: this is a monoclonal antibody directed against tumor‬ ‭necrosis factor alpha, the only effective drug‬ ‭-‬ ‭-‬ ‭-‬ ‭-‬ i‭n Crohn's disease with fistulas. However, it seems that the‬ ‭appearance of lymphomas can be attributed to it.‬ ‭Surgical treatment‬‭-Surgery, as limited as possible,‬‭will one day be the‬ ‭therapeutic option for approximately 80% of patients within 20 years of‬ ‭diagnosis, and many of them will have to resort to at least one subsequent‬ ‭reoperation. . The risk of lesion recurrence is high, mainly near the anastomosis‬ ‭site.‬ ‭Others‬‭-A residue-free diet is instituted during flare-ups‬‭and symptomatic‬ ‭treatments of anemia or diarrhea may be warranted.‬ ‭Epidemiology‬ ‭Impact‬ ‭Crohn's disease: 3.1 to 14.6/100,000 (USA) Ulcerative colitis: 2.2 to 14.3/100,000 (USA)‬ ‭Prevalence‬ ‭Crohn's disease: 26 to 199/100,000 (USA) Ulcerative colitis: 37 to 246/100,000 (USA)‬ ‭Incidence peaks‬ ‭Crohn's disease: 15-30 years; 60-80 years old‬ ‭Ulcerative colitis: 15-30 years; 60-80 years old‬ ‭Sex ratio‬ ‭Crohn's disease: approximately 1.1 to 1.8 men for 1 woman‬ ‭Ulcerative colitis: approximately 1‬ ‭Ethnic factors‬ ‭Crohn's disease: yes Ulcerative colitis: yes‬ ‭Socio-economic factors‬‭Crohn's‬‭disease: high level Ulcerative colitis: high level‬