Suspecting Cataracts with Answers

1. A client is experiencing bilateral cloudy vision and difficulty seeing at night. Suspecting cataracts, the nurse would also expect which of the following findings as well? (Select all that apply.) *a. color distortion b. unilateral pain in eye *c. painless d. loss of peripheral vision, central vision intact e. floaters f. elevated IOP (intraocular pressure) of 26mmHg 2. A client is diagnosed with glaucoma and is prescribed medication to treat it. The nurse knows that which of the following best explains the purpose of the medication? a. This medication helps dry up excess secretions. b. This medication lowers extraocular pressure. c. It strengthens the muscles of the eye. *d. This medication lowers intraocular pressure. 3. A client has been diagnosed with cataracts. The patient fears permanent loss of vision. The nurse responds to the patient verbalizing which of the following treatments for cataracts? a. Medical management with eye drops b. Phototherapy c. Cryopexy *d. Surgical removal of the lens 4. A client is experiencing a loss of central vision but not a loss of peripheral vision. Upon further assessment of the suspected cause, the nurse would also expect which of the following findings as well? (Select all that apply.) *a. mid-visual field blind spots *b. blurred vision c. flashes of light d. floaters or bursts of spots *e. gradual painless loss of vision 5. A 70-year-old client is taking timolol (Timoptic) for glaucoma. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of how to safely use this medication? a. “I do not need to monitor my pulse because I am not ingesting this medication.” b. “I should take this medication whenever I feel irritation in my eye.” c. “I will ensure that the tip of the applicator is touching the inner corner of my eye during administration.” *d. “I will put pressure on the corner of my eye near my nose right after I put in my eye drops.” 6. A client complains of a shadow or curtain moving down into the visual field and complains of floaters. The nurse suspects the patient is experiencing a detached retina, the nurse would further assess for which of the following correlated findings? (Select all that apply.) a. mid-visual field blind spots b. blurred vision *c. loss of side vision *d. bursts of spots e. unilateral eye pain 7. A client is being discharged after surgery to correct a retinal detachment. Which symptoms will the nurse teach the client to immediately report to the health care provider? (Select all that apply.) *a. Purulent discharge in the affected eye. *b. Fever of 102 F. c. Pupil that constricts in response to light. d. Improved visual acuity. *e. Pain in the eye. 8. A client is diagnosed with a sensorineural hearing loss. The nurse realizes this type of hearing loss is associated with which of the following? a. Cerumen *b. Brain damage c. Otitis media d. Otosclerosis 9. A client is complaining of dizziness, unilateral ringing in the ear, feeling of pressure or fullness in the ear, and unilateral hearing loss. Suspecting that the condition is Meniere’s disease, which medication would the nurse expect the provider to order? a. Latanoprost b. Timolol c. Acetazolamide *d. Furosemide Blank 10. A nurse is preparing to administer lamivudine 150 mg PO BID. Available is lamivudine 100 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? ___ Tablets (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) a. 1.5 11. Which of the following tests can be done by the nurse to assess a client’s hearing? (Select all that apply.) *a. Voice-whisper test b. Allen’s test *c. Weber test d. Cochlear test *e. Rinne test f. Stapes test 12. To communicate effectively with a client who has sensorineural hearing loss caused by the natural aging process, the nurse should use which strategy to improve communication with the client? (Select all that apply.) *a. Approach the client from the front. b. Use the mouth to over-exaggerate word pronunciation. c. Shout initially to get the patient’s attention. *d. Turn down background noise from radio or TV before speaking. e. Speak very loudly but in an even tone of voice. 13. The nurse is caring for a client who has Rheumatoid Arthritis and is explaining the pathophysiology of inflammation. The nurse is explaining which type of hypersensitivity reaction? a. Type I b. Type 2 *c. Type 3 d. Type 4 14. The nurse is instructing a client diagnosed with otitis media on management during the acute phase. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) *a. Take the antibiotics as ordered. *b. Take over-the-counter analgesics for mild pain as recommended. c. It is okay to go swimming. d. It is okay to go on a vacation/trip that requires flying. *e. If excruciating pain suddenly develops, seek medical care. f. Limit fluids. 15. A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse’s priority? *a. CD4-T-cell count of less than 180 cells/mm3 b. Platelet count of 155, 000/mm3 c. WBC 5,500/mm3 d. Positive Western blot test 16. A health care provider has accidentally been stuck with a used needle. The health care provider is going to be tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following would be the testing schedule for the health care provider? a. Tested in 2 months and again at 6 months b. Tested immediately and again in 1 year *c. Tested immediately, at 3 months, and again in 6 months d. Tested in 6 months and again in 1 year 17. The nurse is planning care for a client diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and realizes the most common infection that occurs in clients with this health problem would be which of the following? a. Cytomegalovirus infection b. Tuberculosis *c. Pneumonia d. Staphylococcus aureus 18. The nurse is reviewing the physician's orders for a client newly admitted with a diagnosis of Meniere's disease. Which diet will most like be prescribed? a. Low-cholesterol diet. *b. Low-sodium diet. c. Low-carbohydrate diet. d. Low-fat diet. 19. A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client? a. NPH insulin b. Insulin glargine c. Insulin detemir *d. Regular insulin 20. Your patient’s blood glucose level is 275 mg/dL. The patient is about to eat breakfast. Per sliding scale, you administer 8 units of Insulin Regular (Humulin R) subcutaneously at 0730. As the nurse, you know the patient is most at risk for hypoglycemia at what time? a. 0800 *b. 0930 c. 1430 d. 1630 21. A client receiving treatment for human immunodeficiency virus infection is demonstrating signs of resistance to the medication. Which of the following does this suggest to the nurse? a. The medication dosages need to be increased. b. The client needs to be taken off of all medications. c. The client needs additional medication to treat side effects. *d. The client is not adhering to the prescribed medication schedule. 22. You are a nurse caring for a patient who has frequent complaints of dizziness, unilateral ringing in ears and unilateral hearing loss with a feeling of pressure/fullness that cause her to have to remain in bed for days at a time. You recognize these symptoms as being correlated to which of the following conditions? a. Otitis media b. Vertigo *c. Meniere’s Disease d. Otitis externa 23. A nurse in a clinic is assessing a client who has AIDS and a significantly decreased CD4-T-cell count. The nurse should recognize that the client is at risk for developing which of the following infectious oral conditions? *a. Candidiasis b. Gingivitis c. Xerostomia d. Halitosis 24. A nurse is teaching a female client who has a new diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nurse should recognize the teaching was effective when the client identifies which of the following as a factor that can exacerbate SLE? a. Sedentary lifestyle b. Cold temperatures c. Dehydration *d. Sunlight 25. The nurse is planning care for a client diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following should be included in this plan of care? (Select all that apply.) a. Complete bed rest *b. Range of motion exercises *c. Hot or cold compress *d. Pain relief with NSAIDS or ASA e. Joint massage f. High impact exercise 26. A client who arrived to the emergency department is experiencing an allergic reaction after being stung by a bee. The nurse realizes that this type of reaction is which type of hypersensitive reaction? *a. Type 1 b. Type 2 c. Type 3 d. Type 4 27. A client is experiencing intense pruritus from contact dermatitis. Which of the following would be helpful for this client? *a. Administer hydroxyzine HCL as prescribed. b. Cover the area with a warm compress. c. Instruct to scratch the skin with finger pads. d. Increase ambulation when itching occurs. 28. The nurse is caring for a client who was exposed to poison ivy and has begun to experience red, itchy skin all over their body. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is she experiencing? a. Type 1 b. Type 2 c. Type 3 *d. Type 4 29. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations specific to hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.) a. Polyuria *b. Blurred or double vision c. Polydipsia *d. Tachycardia *e. Moist, clammy skin 30. A client is demonstrating signs of an anaphylactic reaction. Which of the following should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.) *a. Maintain patent airway b. Assist the client out of bed to chair *c. Place the client in Trendelenburg position to aid in preventing shock d. Provide oral fluids *e. Begin administering ordered intravenous fluids f. Place the client in the prone position 31. A client is diagnosed with cellulitis. Which of the following will the nurse most likely assess in this client? (Select all that apply.) *a. Heat b. Pallor *c. Swelling *d. Pain e. Dusky bluish skin appearance f. Thirst 32. The nurse has just taken change-of-shift report on a group of clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which client does the nurse assess first? a. Client taking repaglinide (Prandin) who has nausea and back pain. *b. Client taking glyburide (Diabeta) who is dizzy and sweaty. c. Client taking metformin (Glucophage) who has abdominal cramps. d. Client taking pioglitazone (Actos) who has bilateral ankle swelling. 33. A client has what has the appearance of a bacterial infection or warts on her fingertips. The nurse realizes this could actually be which of the following? a. Herpes gladiatorum b. Herpes simplex c. Herpes zoster *d. Herpetic whitlow 34. The nurse knows that a patient in diabetic ketoacidosis will have which of the following labs associated with the condition? a. pH 7.35, HCO3 22, Blood sugar 605 b. pH 7.49, HCO3 19, Blood sugar 275 *c. pH 7.31, HCO3 19, Blood sugar 400 d. pH 7.48, HCO3 29, Blood sugar 375 35. A client is being treated for Pediculosis Pubis. Which of the following medications would the nurse expect to see prescribed for this client? a. Tar and Anthralin preparation b. Topical corticosteroids c. Mupirocin *d. Permethrin 36. A client is demonstrating patches of thick, red skin with silvery scales on the elbows and knees. The nurse suspects that this client is experiencing which of the following? *a. Psoriasis b. Rosacea c. Scabies d. Stasis dermatitis 37. The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus for symptoms associated with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following will the nurse most likely assess in this client? (Select all that apply.) a. Fluid overload *b. Fruity breath odor c. Hypertension d. Bradycardia *e. Kussmaul breathing *f. Abdominal discomfort 38. A client is diagnosed with a type of diabetes associated with an autoimmune destruction of plasma beta cells. Which type of diabetes is this client experiencing? a. Gestational diabetes b. DKA *c. Type 1 Diabetes d. Type 2 Diabetes 39. The nurse is preparing short-acting and long-acting insulin for administration to a client. The nurse recognizes the purpose for the client taking these types of insulin is which of the following? a. To make it easier for the client to self-administer the insulin *b. To mimic the body’s own insulin patterns c. To reduce the client’s appetite d. To help reduce the client’s body weight 40. Your patient’s blood glucose level is 215 mg/dL. The patient is about to eat lunch. Per sliding scale, you administer 4 units of Insulin Lispro (Humalog) subcutaneously at 1130. As the nurse, you know the patient is most at risk for hypoglycemia at what time? a. 1145 *b. 1230 c. 1430 d. 1630 41. The nurse is instructing a client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus on diagnostic tests used to evaluate how well the disorder is being managed. The nurse should instruct the client on which of the following diagnostic tests that will provide the best information? a. Fasting plasma glucose *b. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HGB A1C) c. Random plasma glucose d. Two-hour oral glucose tolerance test 42. Metformin has been prescribed for a client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which client statement about this medication validates to the nurse that the client has understood the teaching? a. Decreases sensitivity of peripheral tissue to insulin. b. Stimulates glucose production in the liver. c. Treats unstable diabetes type 2. *d. Decreases production of glucose by the liver. 43. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Which arterial blood gas (ABG) lab value would the nurse expect to see with this client? *a. pH 7.32; PaCO2 34; HCO3 18 b. pH 7.47; PaCO2 45; HCO3 28 c. pH 7.33; PaCO2 48; HCO3 24 d. pH 7.46; PaCO2 34; HCO3 23 44. A client presented to ER with decrease LOC, polydipsia, hyperthermia, dry mucous, positive Babinski sign. Blood glucose result was critical high of 600 mg/dl and serum Na= 155, K= 6, and no serum ketones. The nurse determines the physician will diagnosis this client with which of the following conditions? a. Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Ketotic Syndrome b. Diabetic nonketoacidosis *c. Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome d. Diabetic Ketoacidosis 45. The nurse would expect which of the following medications to appear on the medication list for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus? a. Capecitabine (Xeloda) b. Everolimus (Afinitor) *c. Glimepiride (Amaryl) d. Imatinib (Gleevec) 46. The laboratory values of a client who has diabetes mellitus include a fasting blood glucose level of 85 mg/dL and hemoglobin A1C of 6.9%. What is the nurse’s interpretations of these findings? *a. The client’s glucose control for the past 24 hours has been good, but the overall control if poor. b. The client’s glucose control for the past 24 hours has been poor, but the overall control is good. c. The values indicate that the client has poorly managed his or her disease. d. The values indicate that the client has managed his or her disease well. 47. A client is being discharged after surgery to correct a retinal detachment. Which symptoms will the nurse teach the client to immediately report to the eye care provider? (Select all that apply.) *a. Purulent discharge in the affected eye *b. Fever of 102° F (38.9° C) c. Pupil that constricts in response to light d. Improved visual acuity *e. Pain in the eye 48. A client is experiencing an episode of acute angle glaucoma. The nurse is anticipating to give which of the following medications? *a. Acetazolamide b. Atropine c. Furosemide d. Urokinase 49. A labyrinthectomy can be performed to treat Meniere’s syndrome. The nurse knows this procedure will result in which of the following? a. Anosmia b. Occasional ringing on the affected side *c. Permanent irreversible deafness on affected side d. Reduction in cerumen 50. The nurse suspects a client is experiencing rheumatoid arthritis when which of the following are assessed? (Select all that apply.) a. Brief morning stiffness. *b. Arthritis of three or more joints. *c. Arthritis of the hand joints. d. Pain in the left hand only. *e. Nodules over bony prominences f. Bruising