University:
Swansea University
Course:
EGA109 | Introductory Organic Chemistry
Academic year:

2023
Views:

73

Pages:

3
Author:

Sanjeev K

engine statement of and Law: - Impossible for sys to have 2 = 1 (100% off) (Kelvin's) Simp. for any process to have los as its sole result the transfer of heat from a culer object to warmer objed. (Claussius) Energy efficiency of Cycle in Independent of working subs. Any cyclic process that aborrbs heat at one temp. Cf rejectes heat at another temp. Cy is reversible has energy efficiency of Carmot ajele. Thermal devices or thermal machines are one of the application Heat pumps to produce healing Refrigerators to produce corling Steam turbines used in ships. Combustion engines of combustion vehicles Ren Curbines of aircraft. Refrigeration, Als by Heat Pump 4 Heat Speratores engines operating in reverse -By dring work, heat extracted from orld reservoir f exhausted to hot reservoir. Intensive, lemp, boiling pt. Extensive, weight, length State: Top, P, Uint E), H(enthalpy) etc. Path W(workdme), (heat transf) etc.. Hin U. Stato te y extensive prop. of system. Changes when Evis transferred ints of but the sys. in form of heat/work. WD dw when system expands by dv against Pex dw= -Pex dv Wo W2 - - S Perde Vi System doing work on surrounding Thermo process is reversible if process can be tured back such that both system of surroundings neturn to their og states, with no change anywhere else in univeme. In reality, no such prous exist. A change can be reversed by in-finitesimal modification of a variable. dj. Thermal eq. of 2 systems with same lemp. • If lemp of either system is lauened Extinilencimally then energy Hours in the system with lower temp. mised, flows out of hotter. ig. Reversible expansion Suppose gas is contined by piston, Pea 2 P of confined gas. Such a system its surroundings change in ett is in mechanical eq with 'cause an infinitenmal in either direction causes it p in v in opp. directions. changes in dwa - Peadv. -pdv 2 - 2 Wo - pdv Vi 2 septems in thermal eg. of no net flow of ess heat (thenial energy) between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Zeroth Law Two syplems = Khe Third the two cwith each other.