Forensics And Interrogations Intro To Law Enforcement

Introduction to Law Enforcement Test # 4 1. Define the term: Preliminary investigation. -actions performed immediately upon receiving a call to respond to a crime scene, conducted by uniformed patrol officers, patrol officers act as first responders and can determine the value of crime scene evidence for investigators. 2. Any area that contains or may contain evidence of criminal activity is known as a __crime scene_______________? 3. Introduction of something foreign into the scene or removing evidence from it is known as: (a) evidence tampering, (b) corruption, (c) contamination, (d) chain of custody violation, (e) none of the above? (C) Contamination 4. What is the purpose of photographing the crime scene before anything is moved and before evidence collection begins? To provide an accurate record of where everything was and how the place was originally found instead of going off someone's memory the photographs provide hard evidence 5. The two basic requirements before the police must issue a Miranda warning to a suspect are: ______________be in police custody and be under interrogation___________________ (2 points) 6. With respect to interrogation, the Beheler admonition is designed to: (a) coerce the suspect, (b) establish rapport with the suspect, (c) deceive the suspect, (d) inform suspect they are not in custody, (e) inform suspect that they can call their attorney? (D) inform suspect they are not in custody 7. The test for whether a suspect is in custody assesses the objective circumstances surrounding the interrogation and asks whether a _______________________a reasonable person would have felt that he or she was in custody, or felt subject to an arrest, or the equivalent restrictions of an arrest________________________? 8. What is meant by the term: Chain of Custody? Documenting who has had possession of evidence from the time it was discovered and taken into custody until the present time. 9. Which of the following is not allowed during an interrogation: (a) coercion, (b) deception, (c) beach-heading, (d) a, b, &, c, (e) a & b, (f) a & c, (g) b & c? (F) A&C 10. The Miranda warnings inform suspects of two constitutional rights. What are those rights? (2 points) they have the right to remain silent, they have the right to have an attorney present before and during the questioning 11.What is the purpose of the Crime Scene Log? Helps maintain the integrity of the scene, and helps ensure only those who are required to enter do so. 12.What is the difference between an interview and an interrogation? an interview is a less formal a conversation the main point is to get information relating to the incident whereas an interrogation is very formal and is designed to get a suspect to confess an interrogation 13.It is not a violation of a suspect’s constitutional rights to use deception during an interrogation? True/False True 14.Persons who are qualified, either by actual experience or by careful study, to form definite opinions with respect to a division of science, a branch of art, or a department of trade are known as: (a) courtroom work group professional, (b) forensic scientist, (c) expert witness, (d) courtroom advocate, (e) none of the above? (C) Expert witness 15.What are the two standards (court cases) for determining the admissibility of scientific evidence in a courtroom? (2 points) ! D.C. Circuit case, Frye v. United States, 293 F. 1013 (D.C. Cir. 1923), and a U.S. Supreme Court decision, Daubert v. 16.If a suspect is not advised of their Miranda rights during an interrogation, there are no ways that statements or evidence obtained during that interrogation may be used against them. True/False True 17.In 2009, National Academy of Sciences (NAS) published their evaluation of the state of forensic science in America (Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward.) In that publication they stated that with the exception of ____DNA______ - “no forensic method has been rigorously shown to have the capacity to consistently, and with a high degree of certainty, demonstrate a connection between evidence and a specific individual or source.” _________forensic laboratories are under resourced and understaffed___________ 18.Follow-up investigations of the National Academy of Science concluded that single source DNA analysis, as well as, fingerprint analysis were foundationally valid areas of forensic science. True/False True 19. Generally speaking, if the police fail to advise a suspect of their Miranda Rights, nothing said in response to the custodial interrogation can be used against them. But, any evidence that is derived from that improper custodial interrogation may be used in court against. True/False True 20.Securing a crime scene an hour after arriving on scene is acceptable as long as officers can testify that nothing was removed from the scene and nothing within the crime scene was tampered with. True/False False 21. Define the term: Beachheading. deliberate questioning first and then Mirandizing and re-questioning – is unconstitutional 22. Confessions obtained under “inherently coercive” conditions are admissible in court if the suspect has been given their Miranda Warnings. True/False False 23. Securing a crime scene as soon as possible after arriving on scene is acceptable as long as the police can testify under oath that nothing was tampered with before they secured the scene. True/False True