Vein and Artery Blood Collection

Vein and Artery Blood Collection The concept of taking specimens for laboratory examination Laboratory and diagnostic examinations are important forother nurses to know because one of the main roles of nurses is to teach patients and their families or people close to the patient how to also prepare thetopatient to implications undergo examinations and treatment thataim maytobeprovide neededappropriate afterwards. Nurses need know the of examination results which nursing care for clients. The examination can tobehelp usedconfirm as a basic screening which is part of a welfare examination. Examinations are often used the diagnosis, monitor disease conditions, and provide valuable information about the client's response to therapy. The results of diagnostic can helpexamination. identify or clarify abnormalities or findings obtainedandinlaboratory the nursingexaminations history and physical Taking specimens Takingbecause specimens isthe a very important first step forcaused the successful isolation andin the identification ofbutmicrobes, often failure of this effort is not by technical errors laboratory, because of errors in taking specimens. To avoid these errors, specimen collection and delivery must be carried out as follows: a. Collection must be done before the patient is given antimicrobial treatment (antibiotics or chemotherapeutics) b. The collection must be carried out atWuchereria a time whenbancrofti there is amicrofilaria, high probability that thebemicrobe can be found, for example to isolate blood must atfever. night, while for isolation of Plasmodium sp., blood must be taken when the patient taken has a c. Collection must be done at the place where the infection is ongoing d. Specimens must be taken in sufficient quantities e. Collection mustTools be carried out withspecimens, appropriateforequipment and storage before beingand sent to the laboratory. for collecting example cotton swabs or syringes tubes, must not contain substances that interferemust withbethesterile viability ofprotected microbes.from Specimen storage equipment for sending to the laboratory and contamination by other microbes. f. It should be sent immediately to a laboratory for analysis g. It must be stored in the right environment or medium before it is processed h. Specimens greater must be processed immediately so that the possibility of successful isolation is Arterial blood sampling Arterial blood is takendisorders to check blood gasbyanalysis (GDA), which isortometabolic assess thedisorders. presenceToor absence of acid base balance caused respiratory disorders determine the presencedueof toacid-base disorders dueistocarried breathing, PCO2 and pHBEchecks are carried out. Acid base assessment metabolic disorders out by examining (base excess) and bicarbonate (HCO3). Arterial blood canatbethetaken viaand the the radialdorsalis arterypedis (at theartery wrist),atthe brachial artery at the elbow, the femoral artery groin, the ankle. Because arterial blood pressure is relatively high, bleeding must be prevented by applying pressure togenerally the puncture area for 5 ‒ 10 minutes after the needle is removed. This arterial blood test is carried out in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Guillain Barre syndrome, diabetic ketoacidosis, severe diarrhea, kidney failure, burn wounds, acute myocardial infarction, hyperthyroidism, pulmonary embolism, and hypokalemia. ARTERIAL BLOODSAMPLING Pre-Interaction Stage a. Review the laboratory examination data that must be carried out on the client b. Prepare equipment c. Move the equipment close to the patient Orientation Stage a. Offer greetings as a therapeutic approach b. Give the nurse's name again c. Make sure the identity of the client whose action will be taken is correct d. Explain the objectives and procedures of action to the client/family e. Ask the client's readiness before the activity is carried out f. Adjust the client's position until the client feels comfortable g. Close doors/windows/put up curtains, make sure there is sufficient light in the room Work Phase a. Explain the procedure to be carried out b. Wash hands and use gloves c. Take a syringe the size (5it ml) then fill it with 0.1 cc of heparin. Wet the inside of the syringe withaccording heparin byto shaking d. Determine the artery from which blood will be taken e. Install support/pads when taking arterial blood at the wrist f. Disinfect the area with a 70% alcohol swab g. Perform on the artery with the syringe positioned perpendicularly, drawing blood accordinga puncture to the program h. Close the syringe with an airtight cover (rubber cover) i. Apply pressure to the pierced area for 2-5 minutes j. Complete laboratorythe laboratory examination request form correctly and send the specimen to the k. Label the specimen bottle with the patient's identity TERMINATION STAGE a. Evaluate responses and actions carried out correctly b. The patient is well groomed c. Provide education related to follow-up after the action is taken d. Tools are neatly arranged e. The subsequent time contract was submitted correctly f. Therapeutic greetings are delivered in a friendly manner g. Wash your hands properly