Courses : Forest Ecology Lecturer :Frischa Adellia Semester : 4thSemester, 2022/2023 Session Drainage Engineering Drainage engineering is a branch of civil engineering that is concerned with the design, construction and maintenance of drainage systems to manage surface water, rainwater and wastewater so as not to cause excessive inundation or flooding in an area. The main goal of drainage engineering is to efficiently and effectively direct the flow of water from the ground surface to a safe disposal site, such as a river, lake, or wastewater treatment system. Basic concepts in drainage engineering include: 1. Rainwater handling: Drainage engineering designs systems to capture, direct and channel rainwater from the ground surface. This includes the use of drains, ditches, open drains, and rainwater collection systems to prevent surface water from pooling. 2. Early warning systems: Drainage engineering also involves developing early warning systems to warn the public about the potential danger of flooding. This involves the installation of water sensors, weather monitoring, and the use of information technology to provide warnings to residents before flooding occurs. 3. Building structure design: Drainage engineering takes into account the design of building structures to minimize the impact of rainwater. This includes roof designs that minimize standing water, the use of waterproof coatings, and efficient water drainage systems around the building. 4. Environmental protection: Drainage engineering also pays attention to environmental protection from rainwater pollution. This involves designing water quality control systems, using green filters, and developing vegetation capable of absorbing pollutants from rainwater. 5. Wastewater management: In an urban context, drainage engineering also includes the design and management of domestic and industrial wastewater. It involves a system for collecting, treating, and disposing of wastewater safely and efficiently. By applying drainage engineering principles, we can minimize the risk of flooding, manage rainwater more efficiently, and protect the environment from the negative impacts of excessive surface water. Drainage engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the design, construction, and maintenance of drainage systems to manage surface water flow and minimize waterlogging in an area. The main goal of drainage engineering is to control the flow of rainwater so that it can be channeled efficiently and safely to drainage channels or other water management systems, such as rivers or lakes. Some specific goals of drainage engineering include: 1. Flooding prevention: One of the main objectives of drainage engineering is to prevent water from pooling on the ground surface which can cause damage to buildings, infrastructure and the environment. By designing an effective drainage system, rainwater can be drained quickly from the ground surface, reducing the risk of puddles. 2. Erosion control: Drainage engineering also aims to control soil erosion caused by excessive rainwater flow. By channeling rainwater in a controlled manner through drainage channels or water control systems, soil erosion can be minimized, maintaining soil fertility and protecting the environment. 3. Environmental protection: Another goal of drainage engineering is to protect the environment from the negative impacts of uncontrolled surface water flows. By properly managing rainwater flow, drainage engineering can reduce water pollution, maintain natural habitats, and maintain biodiversity. 4. Improved water quality: Through the use of technology such as bio-swale or bio-retention systems, drainage engineering can help improve water quality by filtering dirt and pollutants from stormwater runoff before it reaches rivers or lakes. This helps maintain the sustainability of water ecosystems and supports aquatic life. 5. Flood management: One of the long-term goals of drainage engineering is to help manage flood risk by designing drainage systems that are able to accommodate and drain large volumes of rainwater efficiently, preventing flooding in residential or industrial areas. Thus, drainage engineering has an important role in water and environmental management, as well as in protecting infrastructure and communities from the negative impacts of uncontrolled surface water flows. In conclusion, drainage engineering is an engineering discipline that aims to manage surface water flows efficiently and safely through the design, construction and maintenance of drainage systems. Here are some important points that can be concluded about drainage engineering: 1. Flooding prevention: Drainage engineering aims to prevent waterlogging on the ground surface by designing an effective drainage system. This helps protect buildings, infrastructure and the environment from damage caused by uncontrolled water. 2. Erosion control: One of the goals of drainage engineering is to control soil erosion caused by excess rainwater flow. By directing rainwater through drainage channels, soil erosion can be minimized, maintaining soil fertility and protecting the environment. 3. Environmental protection: Drainage engineering also aims to protect the environment from the negative impacts of uncontrolled surface water flows. By managing water flows well, water pollution can be reduced, natural habitats maintained, and biodiversity maintained. 4. Improved water quality: Through the use of technology such as bio-swale or bio-retention systems, drainage engineering can help improve water quality by filtering dirt and pollutants from rainwater flows. This supports the sustainability of water ecosystems and aquatic life. 5. Flood management: The long-term goal of drainage engineering is to help manage the risk of flooding by designing drainage systems that are able to accommodate and convey large volumes of rainwater efficiently. This helps prevent flooding in residential or industrial areas. Thus, drainage engineering has an important role in water and environmental management, as well as in protecting infrastructure and communities from the negative impacts of uncontrolled surface water flows. By applying the principles of drainage engineering, effective and sustainable solutions can be produced to challenges related to surface water flow.