Courses : Forest Ecology Lecturer :Frischa Adellia Semester : 4thSemester, 2022/2023 Session Combined Breeding Composite breeding is a strategy in plant or animal breeding that combines traditional approaches with modern technology to create organisms with desired traits. This approach combines the advantages of various breeding techniques, such as traditional selective breeding, genetic engineering, and molecular breeding, to achieve more effective and efficient breeding goals. Combined breeding involves several steps, including: 1. Identify desired traits: The first step is to identify the desired traits in the organism to be cultivated. 2. Individual selection: Individuals with desired traits are selected from existing populations, either through traditional selection or by using modern technology such as genetic analysis. 3. Combining traits: The selected individuals are then selectively mated to combine the desired traits in one individual. 4. Continued evaluation and selection: The selection and evaluation process continues to be carried out on offspring to ensure that desired traits continue to be improved and maintained. Composite breeding allows breeders to exploit the advantages of modern technology in genetic analysis and genetic engineering to increase the efficiency and accuracy of the breeding process, while retaining the advantages of traditional approaches in the selection and evaluation of individuals with desired traits. By combining various breeding techniques, combined breeding can create organisms that are superior and better suited to the needs of modern agriculture and the environmental challenges it faces. The main goal of combined breeding is to create organisms that have desired traits in a more effective and efficient manner. Some specific goals of combine breeding include: 1. Increased productivity: Creating varieties of plants or livestock that are more productive in terms of agricultural output or animal production. 2. Quality improvement: Producing organisms of better quality, such as better tasting plants, tastier meat, or other products with higher added value. 3. Increased resistance: Increases an organism's resistance to disease, pests, or unfavorable environmental conditions. 4. Adaptation to new environments: Producing varieties of plants or livestock that are better able to survive and adapt to climate change or changing environmental conditions. 5. Production efficiency : Creating organisms that require fewer resources for growth and production, thereby reducing costs and increasing sustainability. 6. Development of new traits: Creating organisms with new traits that can provide new economic, environmental, or health benefits. Through combined breeding, breeders can utilize the advantages of modern technology in genetic analysis and genetic engineering to increase the efficiency and accuracy of the breeding process, while retaining the advantages of traditional approaches in the selection and evaluation of individuals with desired traits. Thus, the main goal of combined breeding is to create organisms that are superior and better suited to the needs of modern agriculture and the environmental challenges it faces. In conclusion, combined breeding is an approach to plant or animal breeding that combines various breeding techniques, both traditional and modern, to create organisms with desired traits. The main goal is to increase productivity, quality, and resistance of organisms to the environment and disease, as well as to increase production efficiency and develop new beneficial traits. By combining the advantages of modern technologies such as genetic analysis and genetic engineering with traditional approaches in selecting individuals possessing desired traits, compound breeding allows breeders to create organisms that are superior and better suited to the needs of modern agriculture and the environmental challenges it faces. Through combined breeding, it is hoped that the development of plant and livestock varieties that are more productive, resistant to disease, and adaptive to environmental changes will become more efficient, help increase food production globally, and provide solutions to increasingly complex agricultural and environmental challenges.