Courses : Forest Ecology Lecturer :Frischa Adellia Semester : 4thSemester, 2022/2023 Session Tolerance Resistance in Plants Resistance Tolerance in plants refers to the ability of plants to survive, grow and develop well even though they are exposed to pest or disease attacks. In this case, the plants are not completely immune to attack, but they are able to tolerate or withstand the effects of the attack without experiencing significant damage to growth or production. Resistance Tolerance can be seen as a plant response to attack that allows the plant to continue to function properly, even in non-ideal environmental conditions. This is different from antibiosis resistance where plants produce chemical compounds that inhibit or kill pests or diseases. Some examples of Tolerance Resistance include: 1. Resistance to soil diseases: Some plants can show resistance to soil diseases such as fusarium wilt or root rot, where even though exposed to these pathogens, the plants can still survive and grow well. 2. Resistance to drought or adverse environmental conditions: Plants that are resistant to extreme environmental conditions such as drought or high humidity can survive and remain productive even when exposed to environmental stress. 3. Low resistance to pest attacks: Some plants may show a low level of resistance to pest attacks, where even though there is an attack, the plant can still grow and develop well. The benefits of Tolerance Resistance are: • Increased resistance: Plants that are tolerant to pest or disease attacks have the ability to survive and reproduce in conditions that are not ideal or under the pressure of attack. • Increased productivity: Plants that are able to survive and grow well even when exposed to pest or disease attacks can produce better results than plants that are susceptible to attacks. • Reduction in pesticide use: Since tolerant crops do not require intensive pesticide treatment, this can reduce costs and environmental losses associated with the use of chemical pesticides. • Production stability: Plants that are tolerant of pest or disease attacks tend to be more stable in producing harvests, thereby providing production stability for farmers. Thus, Tolerance Resistance is a highly desired attribute in plant breeding to increase resistance to pest attacks, disease, or unfavorable environmental conditions. The goals of tolerance resistance in plants are: 1. Increase plant resistance: One of the main goals of tolerance resistance is to increase plant resistance to pest attacks, diseases, or unfavorable environmental conditions. By having more tolerant crops, agriculture becomes more stable and can face diverse environmental challenges. 2. Provides more sustainable protection: Plants that are tolerant of pests or disease require fewer chemicals for protection. This reduces reliance on chemical pesticides and provides more sustainable protection for the environment and human health. 3. Increase productivity and production stability: By having tolerant plants, farmers can produce better and more stable harvests. Plants that are not disturbed by pests or disease can grow well and produce optimal results, which in turn increases overall agricultural productivity. 4. Reducing economic losses: Tolerant resistance can help reduce economic losses caused by pest or disease attacks. Crops that are more tolerant of pest or disease attacks tend to experience fewer losses, so farmers can avoid losses caused by reduced yields or high protection costs. 5. Improving agricultural sustainability : By reducing dependence on chemical pesticides and increasing plant resistance naturally, tolerance resistance helps improve agricultural sustainability. This helps maintain the balance of the agricultural ecosystem and minimizes negative impacts on the environment. Thus, the aim of tolerance resistance in plants is to increase plant resistance, reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, increase productivity and production stability, reduce economic losses, and increase overall agricultural sustainability.