Courses : Forest Ecology Lecturer :Frischa Adellia Semester : 4thSemester, 2022/2023 Session Water Purification Water purification is the process of removing contaminants, dissolved substances, particles and microorganisms from water so as to produce water that is cleaner, safer and suitable for various purposes, such as human consumption, industry, agriculture and other environmental purposes. The main goal of water purification is to improve water quality by removing substances that can cause disease or pollute the environment. The water purification process can involve several stages, including: 1. Settling: This stage involves the settling of large solid particles dissolved in water, which can be done using a settling tank or coagulation-flocculation to help the particles collect and settle. 2. Filtration: After the deposition stage, water that has undergone deposition can go through a filtration process using filter media such as sand, activated carbon, or membranes. The filtration process aims to capture small particles remaining in the water. 3. Disinfection : The final step in water purification is disinfection, where chemical substances or physical processes such as the emission of ultraviolet (UV) light or treatment with ozone are used to kill or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms that may still be present in the water. Water purification is essential to ensure a safe and healthy water supply for communities. Polluted water can cause various diseases and serious health problems. Therefore, water purification is a crucial step in protecting public health and the environment. Water purification provides a number of significant benefits for society, the environment and various sectors of life. Some of the main benefits include: 1. Improves public health: Water purification removes contaminants and pathogens that can cause illnesses such as diarrhea, cholera, and other illnesses associated with polluted water. This helps maintain public health and reduces morbidity and mortality caused by waterborne diseases. 2. Improve quality of life: Clean and safe water is very important for daily activities such as drinking, bathing, cooking and washing. By having a water supply that meets good quality standards, people can enjoy a better quality of life and avoid the health risks associated with polluted water. 3. Support for industry: Water purification is also important in industry for production and cooling processes, use in manufacturing processes, and to maintain product quality. Clean water that meets standards helps increase production efficiency, reduces the risk of environmental pollution, and ensures high-quality products. 4. Environmental protection: The water purification process also helps protect the environment by reducing waste and water pollution. By removing contaminants from water before it is released back into the environment, the water purification process helps maintain aquatic ecosystems and the biodiversity that depends on them. 5. Prevention of natural disasters: Clean water also plays an important role in preventing natural disasters such as floods and landslides. By filtering rainwater and managing water flow appropriately, water purification can help reduce the risk of natural disasters caused by flooding and soil erosion. Thus, water purification not only provides direct benefits for public health, but also supports various sectors of life including industry, the environment and natural disaster mitigation. In conclusion, water purification has very important benefits for public health, the environment and the sustainability of various sectors of life. This process not only improves water quality by removing contaminants and pathogens that have the potential to harm health, but also has a positive impact on various aspects of daily life. With effective water purification, people can enjoy safe and clean water for drinking, bathing, cooking and other daily needs, which in turn improves overall health and quality of life. In addition, industry also benefits from a clean water supply that meets quality standards, which helps increase production efficiency and maintain product quality. Environmentally, water purification helps protect aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity by reducing waste and water pollution. This contributes to environmental conservation and maintaining the balance of water ecosystems which are important for life. Thus, water purification not only provides direct benefits for people's health, but also supports the sustainability of various sectors of life and maintains environmental balance. Therefore, investment and effort in water purification is an important step in maintaining the health and welfare of society as well as preserving the environment for future generations.