University:
The University of Law
Course:
M110 | LLB (Hons) Law
Academic year:

2024
Views:

46

Pages:

2
Author:

S. Sikora

Eu notes for EU LLB law course History of the EUYear 1945 1949 1950 1951 1953 1957 1965 1966 1973 1979 1981 1985 1986 1986 1989 1992 1995 1997 Event End of WW2. Establishment of the intergovernmental Council of Europe. The Schuman Declaration considered the concept of European Integration. Treaty of Paris established the European Coal and Steel Community (between France, West Germany (as it was then), Italy,, Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands.) This came to force in 1952. European Convention on Human Rights ECHR ratified and operational Adoption of the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (the Treaty of Rome) and the Euratom Treaty, came into force in 1958. Merger Treaty signed, came into force in 1967. ‘Luxembourg compromise’ – resolution of dispute with France. Accession of the UK, Ireland and Denmark. European Monetary System EMS, established. Accession of Greece. Schengen Agreement created the ‘Schengen area’ (multi-national area without internal borders which compromises 26 European countries) this includes some countries not in the EU and excludes EU member states; Ireland, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania and the UK. Effective from 1995. Accession of Spain and Portugal. Single European Act SEA, introduced qualified majority voting and aimed to establish the ‘Internal Market’ by the start of 1933. Came into effect in 1987. Collapse of the Soviet Bloc. Germany was reunified in 1990 and USSR was dissolved in 1991. Treaty on European Union TEU, or ‘Maastricht Treaty’ signed. Came into effect in 1993. Accession of Finland, Sweden and Austria. ` Treaty of Amsterdam signed, amending 1999 2000 2001 2001 2004 2005 2007 2007 2013 2016 2017 2020 the TEU. Came into effect in 1999. Economic and Monetary Union EMU came into effect, eleven MS’s adopted the Euro as their common currency. EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (ECFR) proclaimed. European Convention or Convention of the Future of Europe established to produce a draft constitution. Treaty of Nice signed. Came into effect in 2003. Accession of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia. Proposed ‘Constitutional Treaty’ was rejected in referenda in France and the Netherlands, the ratification process was halted for a ‘period of reflection’. Accession of Romania and Bulgaria The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union TFEU or ‘Lisbon Treaty’ or ‘Reform Treaty’ was signed. Came into effect in 2009. Accession of Croatia. UK citizens voted to leave EU in a referendum on membership UK triggered its withdrawal from the EU under Article 50 TFEU. UK left the EU.