University:
University College London
Course:
LAWS0026 | Technology Law
Academic year:

2024
Views:

215

Pages:

4
Author:

Namira A.

Smart Cars: Driving To the Future UCL ALUMNI JOINT CHAPTER WEBINAR The Present and Future of Smart Cars - Law and Policy Date: 6th December 2023 Presented by: Mr. Pedro Duarte Batista, (Computer and Communications Law LLM, CCLSQMUL and General LLM, Universidad Cattolica Portuguesa), Senior Associate at VDA Vieira de Almeida. The Definition Of Artificial Intelligence Cambridge Dictionary: The use of computer programs that have some of the qualities of the human mind, such as the ability to understand language, recognize pictures, and learn from experience. Academia: Artificial Intelligence is the design of intelligent agents that are capable of adapting to and learning from various situations and achieving complex goals. AIA The notion of Al system... should be clearly defined and closely aligned with the work of international organizations working on Al to ensure legal certainty, harmonization and wide acceptance, while providing the flexibility to accommodate the rapid technological developments in this field. Moreover, it should be based on key characteristics of Al such as its learning, reasoning or modelling capabilities, so as to distinguish it from simpler software systems or programming approaches. Article 3.1(1) of Proposed Regulation of Al Al system) means a machine-based system that is designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy and that can, for explicit or implicit objectives, generate outputs such as predictions, recommendations, or decisions, that influence physical or virtual environments. Mobility Concerns 1. 90%+ accidents related to human error. 2. 80%+ potential reduction with introduction of autonomy 3. 40% parasite traffic looking for parking 4. Connected 5. Autonomous 6. Electric 7. Shared Definition of Smart Cars  There is no clear definition of Smart Car and / or autonomous vehicle under the EU or Portuguese law;  Smart Cars are technically defined taking into consideration their autonomy level.  The more autonomous are the cars, the more issues they create. The Liability Concern 1. Producer 2. Al programmer 3. Supplier 4. User/Owner 5. Machine The Liability Concern Balance in the market Consumer Protection.  Shifting costs of undesirable events  Ex ante: Higher investment in safety  Ex post: Ensure compensation EU Product Liability Directive The RMA attributes liability to the party that is best positioned to: identify a risk, control and minimize it and manage it, including through insurance. Benefits 1. Ex post uncertainty = ex ante risk management 2. Distribution of costs in the value chain 3. No need to prove causal link 4. Prompt compensation 5. Need for clear legal duties remains Advantages 1. Refusal to insure 2. Lack of relevant data means difficulties in assessing risk 3. Higher premiums = Chilling effect 4. DIRECTIVE 2009/103/EC: Compulsory Insurance for Motor Vehicles Other Key Aspects  How to regulate the existence of both smart and non-smart cars in the same road?  Need to guarantee consumer rights on cars certifications