Lecture Notes: Basic Service Set (BSS) What is a Basic Service Set (BSS)? A Basic Service Set (BSS) is the fundamental unit of a wireless local area network (WLAN). It consists of one or more wireless stations (devices) that are connected to a common access point (AP). A BSS is also known as an infrastructure network. Key Components of a BSS: ● Access Point (AP): A device that acts as a central hub for the BSS, providing wireless connectivity to the connected stations. ● Wireless Stations: Devices that communicate with the AP over a wireless medium, such as laptops, smartphones, and tablets. ● Wireless Medium: The physical medium used for wireless communication, typically radio waves. How a BSS Works 1. Association: Wireless stations associate with the AP by sending an association request and receiving an association response. 2. Authentication: The AP may require the station to authenticate itself using a security protocol, such as Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA). 3. Data Transmission: Once associated and authenticated, the station can send and receive data through the AP. The AP acts as a bridge between the wireless network and the wired network. Types of BSS ● Infrastructure BSS: The most common type of BSS, where stations communicate through an AP. ● Ad-hoc BSS: A BSS without an AP, where stations communicate directly with each other. BSS Parameters ● ● ● ● SSID: The Service Set Identifier, a unique name used to identify the BSS. Channel: The frequency channel used for wireless communication. Transmission Rate: The maximum data transfer rate supported by the BSS. Security Settings: The security protocols and settings used to protect the BSS, such as WPA or WPA2. BSS Limitations ● Range: BSSs have a limited range, typically around 150-300 feet indoors. ● Interference: BSSs can be susceptible to interference from other wireless networks or devices. ● Security Risks: BSSs can be vulnerable to security attacks, such as unauthorized access and eavesdropping. Conclusion A Basic Service Set is the fundamental unit of a wireless local area network. It provides a way for wireless devices to connect to a network and communicate with each other. Understanding the components and functions of a BSS is essential for designing and managing wireless networks.