Analogy Notes

Analogy Analogy basically means “resemblance of one object to another in certain aspects.” The aim of analogy is to test the candidate’s ability to discover the relationship between the question pair and then to find the required pair of words which is most similar to that relationship. Different types of questions covered in this chapter are as follows          Analogous Pair Completion Direct or Simple Analogy Similar Word Selection Multiple Word Analogy Number Based Analogy Analogous Pair Selection Double Analogy Analogy Detection Letter Based Analogy In this chapter, a question consists of words related to each other based on some logic and it is required to find a word/pair of words analogous to those given in the question To solve these questions, following two simple steps are to be followed Step I The candidate is required to identify the relationship between the pair of numbers/letters/words given. Step II Find out the other pair such that the relationship between the third and the fourth numbers / letters / words is similar to the relationship that exists between the first and second numbers / letters / words. Now, it is clear that analogy is established, when the two pairs on both the sides of the sign (::) bear the same relationship. This analogical relationship can be established in two ways as follows 1. Basic Relation Basic relation is as follows Here, the relation of 3 to 4 or 4 to 3 is the same as the relation of 1 to 2 or 2 to 1. 2. Advanced Relation Advanced relation is as follows Here, the relation of 2 to 4 or 4 to 2 is the same as the relation of 1 to 3 or 3 to 1. To have more Clearty about analogical relationship, let us consider the example given below Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : School (I) (II) Now, Just think over (I) and (II). What relationship can you establish between these two? If you go for a deeper analysis, you will find the following (I) Doctor : Hospital A ‘doctor’ work in a ‘hospital’. It means ‘hospital’ is a working place for a ‘doctor’. Hence, doctor : Hospital has worker an working place relationship. (II) Teacher : School A ‘Teacher’ works in a ‘school’. It means ‘School’ is the working place for a ‘teacher’. Hence, Teacher : School has worker and working place relationship. Clearly, it is observed that in both the cases (I) and (II), The relationship is similar, i.e., worker and working place relationship. Therefore, we can say that these two are analogical pairs. Sometimes, these analogical relationships can be established as given below Doctor : Teacher : : Hospital : School Here, ‘Doctor’ is related to ‘Hospital’ in the same way as “Teacher’ is related to ‘School’. (I) [Doctor : Hospital] and (II) [Teacher : School] are actually different from each other but they are logically similar. These analogous relationships can be several types depending upon the kind of relationship between the two objects of a pair. Some most common types of analogous relationship are as follows Synonymous Relationship This type of relationship is established between the two words, when they convey the same meaning. e.g., Abandon : Leave ‘Abandon’ means almost the same as ‘Leave’. Hence, ‘Abandon’ is a synonym of ‘Leave’. Some more example are given below Dwelling : Abode Vacant : Empty Ban : Prohibition House : Home Idea : Notion Contact : Meet Endless : Eternal Escape : Abscond Kind : Benevolent Enormous : Huge Synthetic : Artificial Encumber : Burden Substitute : Replace Dissipate : Squander Fallacy : Illusion Flaw : Defect Assign : Allot Dearth : Scarcity Fierce : Violent Mend : Repair Brim : Edge Abduct : kidnap Sedate : Clam Antonymous Relationship This type of relationship is established between the two words, when they are opposite in meaning. e.g., Kind : Cruel ‘Kind’ means the opposite of ‘Cruel’. Hence, ‘Kind’ and ‘Cruel’ have antonymous relationship. Some more examples are given below Meet : Avoid Never : Always Scarcity : Abundance Weak : Robust Deep : Shallow Advance : Retreat Cordial : Hostile Slim : Bulky Chaos : peace Affirm : Deny Gradual : Abrupt Stale : Fresh Final : Initial Create : Destroy Notice : Ignore Rejoice : Mourn Harsh : Gentle Blunt : Sharp Lethargy : Alertness Kindle : Extinguish Expand : Condense Individual and Group Relationship When one word of the pair is the collective group of another word of the pair, then it is called individual and group relationship. e.g., Cattle : Herd A group of ‘Cattle’ is called ‘Herd’. Some more example are given below Sheep : Flock Goods : Stock Fish : Shoal soldiers : Army Termites : Colony Pupils : Class Riders : Cavalcade Singer : Chorus Grapes : Bunch Sailors : Crew Bees : Swam Players : Team Robbers : Gang Flowers : Bouquet Ministers : Council Pilgrims : Caravan Rioters : Mob Countries : League Musicians : Band People : Crowd Chicken : Brood Intensity Relationship When one word of the pair if of higher intensity than the other word of the pair, then it is called intensity relationship. e.g., Quarrel : War ‘War’ is of higher intensity than ‘Quarre’ Some more examples are given below Sink : Drown Speak : Shout Kindle : Burn Anger : Rage Refuse : Deny Unhappy : Sad Wish : Desire Error : Blunder Moist : Drench Crime : Sin Famous : Renowned Worker and Product Relationship When one word of the pair represents the working Professionals and the other word of the pair represents their final product, then it is called worker and product relationship. e.g., Author : Book An author writes a book. It means ‘Book’ is the product of ‘Author’. Some more examples are given below Poet : Poem Cobbler : Shoes Producer : film Editor : Newspaper Choreographer : Tailor : Clothes Dramatist : Play Chef : Food Farmer : Crop Sculptor : Bust Carpenter : Furniture Goldsmith : ornaments Mason : Wall Architect : Design Ballet Worker and Tool Relationship When one word of the pair represents the working professionals and the other word of the pair is the tool used for their working, then it is called worker and tool relationship. e.g., Chef : Knife ‘Knife’ is a tool used by ‘Chef’ Some more example are given below Surgeon : Scalpel Tailor : Needle Labourer : Spade Author : Pen Blacksmith : Anvil Soldier : Gun Farmer : plough Sculptor : Chisel Warrior : Sword Woodcutter : Axe Mason : Plumb line Carpenter : Saw Doctor : Stethoscope Gardener : Harrow Product and Raw Material Relationship When one word of the pair represents the raw material used for the formation of the products given in the other word of the pair, then it is called product and raw material relationship. e.g., Furniture : Wood ‘Furniture’ is made of ‘Wood’ Some more examples are given below Jaggery : Sugarcane Book : Paper Paper : Pulp Road : Asphalt Shoes : Leather Rubber : Latex Jewellery : Gold Prism : Glass Cloth : Fibre Furniture : Wood Omelette : Egg Linen : Flax Sack : Jute Wall : Brick Fabric : Yarn Pullover : Wool Metal : Ore Oil : Seed Part and Whole Relationship When one word of the pair represents a single part of the whole object given in other word of the pair, then it is called part and whole relationship. e.g., Computer : Hard Disk ‘Hard Disk’ is a part of ‘Computer’. Some more examples are given below Fan : Blade Bicycle : Pedal Cart : Wheel Pen : Nib Circle : Arc Class : Student House : Room Car : Steering Clock : Neddle Book : Chapter Aeroplane : Cockpit Worker and Working Place Relationship When one word of the pair represents the working professional and the other word of the pair their working place, then it is called worker and working place relationship. e.g., Clerk : Office A ‘Clerk’ works in a ‘Office’. Some more examples are given below. Warrior : Battle field Doctor : Hospital Gambler : Casino Worker : Factory Mechanic : Garage Chef : Kitchen Scientist : Laboratory Waiter : Restaurant Umpire : Pitch Lawyer : Court Teacher : School Beautician : Parlour Engineer : Site Painter : Gallery Farmer : Field Actor : Stage Astronomer : Observatory Servant : House Artist : Theatre Tool and Action Relationship When one word of the pair represents the tool and the other word of the pair gives its function/action, then it is called tool and action relationship. e.g., Knife : Cut A ‘Knife’ is used for ‘Cutting’. Some more examples are given below. Gun : Shoot Axe : Grind Microscope : Magnify Pen : Write Needle : Sew Tongs : Hold Loudspeaker : Amplify Oar : Row Spoon : Feed Shovel : Scoop Spade : Dig Auger : Bore Binocular : View Spanner : Grip Shield : Guard Chisel : Carve Pair Relationship When the two words form a genuine pair, then it is called a pair relationship. e.g., Lock : Key ‘Lock’ and ‘Key’ make pair. Some more examples are given below. Question : Answer Pencil : Eraser Shoes : Socks Horse : Carriage Chair : Table Door : Window Saree : Blouse Cup : Saucer Shirt : Trousers Study and Topic Relationship When one word of the pair gives the branch of study and the other word gives the topic of study of that branch, then it is called study and topic relationship. e.g., Pathology : Diseases ‘Pathology’ is the study of ‘Diseases’. Some more examples are given below. Botany : Plants Oology : Eggs Archaeology : Artifacts Onomatology : Names Astrology : Planets Ornithology : Birds Entomology : Insects Palaeontology : Fossils Pedology : Soil Virology : Viruses Concology : Shells Zoology : Animals Palaeography : Writings Craniology : Skull Anthropology : Man Seismology : Earthquakes Cardiology : Heart Physiology : Body Animal and Movement Relationship When one word of the pair gives the animal name and other word of the pair represents its movement, then it is called animal and movement relationship. e.g., Donkey : Trot ‘Trot’ is the name given to the movement of the ‘Donkey’. Some more examples are given below. Rabbit : Leap Horse : Gallop Lamb : Frisk Cock : Strut Bird : Fly Owl : Flit Mouse : Scamper Lion : Prowl Bear : Lumber Elephant : Amble Eagle : Swoop Duck : Waddle Animal / Thing and Sound Relationship When one word of the pair represents the sound produced by the animal / thing given in the other word of the pair, then it is called animal / thing and sound relationship. e.g., Elephant : Trumpet ‘Trumpet’ is the sound produced by ‘elephant’. Some more examples are given below. Lion : Roar Rain : Patter Dog : Bark Hen : Cackle Bells : Chime Horse : Neigh Cat : Mew Thunder : Roar Snake : Hiss Leaves : Rustle Donkey : Bray Sparrow : Chirp Goat : Bleat Drum : Beat Bee : Hum Mice : Squeak Camel : Grunt Owl : Hoot Duck : Quack Frog : Croak Individual / Thing and Class Relationship When one word of the pair represents the class of the other word, then it is called individual / thing and class relationship. e.g., Lizard : Reptile ‘Lizard’ belongs to the class of ‘Reptiles’. Some more examples are given below. Frog : Amphibian Rat : Rodent Snake : Reptile Shirt : Garment Whale : Mammal Chair : Furniture Pen : Stationery Man : Mammal Cup : Crockery Curtain : Drapery Ostrich : Bird Butterfly : Insect Individual and Dwelling Place Relationship When one word of the pair represents the dwelling place of the individuals given in the other word of the pair, then it is called individual and dwelling place relationship. e.g., Mouse : Hole A ‘Mouse’ lives in a ‘Hole’. Some more examples are given below. Nun : Convent Soldier : Barracks Bird : Nest Lion : Den Lunatic : Asylum Eskimo : Igloo Hare : Burrow Owl : Barn Horse : Stable Monk : Monastery Peasant : Cottage Bee : Hive Eagle : Eyrie Spider : Web Pig : Sty Knight : Mansion Gypsy : Caravan King : Palace Cow : Pen / Byre Convict : Prison Animal / Things and Keeping Place Relationship When one word of the pair is the keeping place of the animal / thing given in other word of the pair, then it is called animal / thing and keeping place relationship. e.g., Grains : Granary ‘Grains’ are kept in ‘Granary’ Some more examples are given below Medicine : Dispensary Birds : Aviary Fish : Aquarium Patient : Hospital Clothes : Wardrobe Bees : Aplary Animals : Zoo Wine : Cellar Aeroplane : Hangar Guns : Armoury Car : Garage Games and Playing Place Relationship When one word of the pair represents the place for playing the game given in the other word of the pair, then it is called games and playing place relationship. e.g., Cricket : Pitch ‘Cricket’ is played on the ‘Pitch’. Some more examples are given below. Race : Track Exercise : Gymnasium Skating : Rink Badminton : Court Athletics : Stadium Tennis : Court Hockey : Ground Boxing : Ring Wrestling : Arena Male and Female Relationship When two words of the pair represents male and female gender of each other, then it is called male and female relationship. e.g., Man : Woman ‘Man’ is the male while ‘Woman’ is the female. Some more examples are given below. Dog : Bitch Bull : Cow Cock : Hen Lion : Lioness Monk : Nun Gander : Goose Drone : Bee Nephew : Niece Brother : Sister Fox : Vixen Animal and Young One Relationship Horse : Mare Bullock : Heifer Stag : Doe Wizard : Witch Earl : Countess Bachelor : Spinster Colt : Filly Son : Daughter Master : Mistress Drake : Duck When one word of the pair represents the name given to the young ones of the animals given in other word of the pair, then it is called animal and young one relationship. e.g., Frog : Tadpole ‘Tadpole’ is the young one of ‘Frog’. Some more examples are given below. Cat : Kitten Deer : Fawn Swan : Cygnet Stag : Fawn Hen : Chick Tiger : Cub Bear : Cub Butterfly : Caterpillar Dog : Puppy Duck : Duckling Man : Child Insect : Larva Lion : Cub Sheep : Lamb Horse : Colt / Filly / Foal Cockroach : Nymph Quantity and Unit Relationship When one word of the pair gives the unit used for the representation of the quantity given in other word of the pair, then it is called quantity and unit relationship. e.g., Force : Newton ‘Newton’ is the unit of ‘Force’. Some more examples are given below. Length : Metre Time : Seconds Volume : Litre Resistance : Ohm Work : Joule Power : Watt Pressure : Pascal Mass : Kilogram Temperature : Degree Current : Ampere Angle : Radian Energy : Joule Potential : Volt Area : Hectare Instrument and Measurement Relationship When one word of the pair represents the instrument used for the measurement of other word, then it is called instrument and measurement relationship. e.g., Scale : Length ‘Scale’ is an instrument used to measure ‘Length’. Some more examples are given below. Balance : Mass Thermometer : Temperature Odometer : Speed Anemometer : Wind Screw Gauge : Thickness Ammeter : Current Seismograph : Earthquakes Taseometer : Strains Sphygmomanometer : Blood Pressure Country and Capital Relationship When one word of the pair gives the capital of the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and capital relationship. e.g., India : Delhi ‘Delhi’ is the capital of ‘India’. Some more examples are given below. Japan : Tokyo USA : Washington DC Egypt : Cairo Spain : Madrid Greece : Athens Nepal : Kathmandu Iran : Tehran Kenya : Nairobi Afghanistan : Kabul Norway : Oslo UK : London Iraq : Baghdad Pakistan : Islamabad Canada : Ottawa Italy : Rome China : Beijing Russia : Moscow Denmark : Copenhagen Thailand : Bangkok Cuba : Havana State and Capital Relationship When one word of the pair gives the capital of the state given in other word of the pair, then it is called state and capital relationship. e.g., Bihar : Patna ‘Patna’ is the capital of ‘Bihar’. Some more examples are given below. UP : Lucknow Assam : Dispur Rajasthan : Jaipur Sikkim : Gangtok Gujarat : Gandhi Nagar Kerala : Thiruvananthapuram Nagaland : Kohima Meghalaya : Shillong Andhra Pradesh : Hyderabad Himachal Pradesh : Shimla Tamil Nadu : Chennai Karnataka : Bengaluru Odisha : Bhubaneshwar Country and Currency Relationship When one word of the pair gives the currency of the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and currency relationship. e.g., India : Rupee ‘Rupee’ is the currency of ‘India’. Some more examples are given below. USA : Dollar Japan : Yen Russia : Ruble Spain : Peseta Argentina : Peso Myanmar : Kyat Iraq : Dinar UAE : Dirham South Korea : Won Australia : Dollar UK : Pound Sweden : Krona Netherlands : Guilder Greece : Euro Iran : Rial Thailand : Baht Kuwait : Dinar Country and Continent Relationship When one word of the pair represents a continent and the other word gives the name of a country which is a part of the given continent, then it is called country and continent relationship. e.g., India : Asia ‘India’ is the part of ‘Asia’. Some more examples are given below. France : Europe Pakistan : Asia Brazil : South America Canada : North America Ghana : Africa Zimbabwe : Africa Country and Parliament Relationship When one word of the pair given the name of the parliament of the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and parliament relationship. e.g., Japan: Diet ‘Diet’ is the name of parliament of ‘Japan’. Some more examples are given below Australia : Federal parliament India : Parliament Canada : House of commous and assembly seriate Denmark : Folketing Iran : Majlis Israel : Knesset Mangolia : Khural Norway : Stortling Poland : Sejm Spain : Cortes Generals Russia : Duma Malaysia : Dewan Rakyat and Dewan Negara Sweden : Riksdag USA : Congress Afghanistan : Shora Country and National Emblem Relationship When one word of the pair represents the national emblem of the country given in the other word of the pair, then it is called country and national emblem relationship. e.g., Australia : Kangaroo ‘Kangaroo’ is the national emblem of ‘Australia’. Some more examples are given below Norway : Lion France : Lily Sri Lanka : Sword and Lion Japan : Chrysanthemum USA : Goiden Rod Spain : Eagle Italy : White Lily Pakistan : Crescent Germany : Corn Flower India: Lion Capital Ireland : Shamrock Denmark : Beach UK : Rose Canada : White Lily Country and official Book Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the official book of the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and official book relationship. e.g., Blue Book : Britain ‘Blue Book’ is the official report of the ‘British Government’. Some more examples are given below Green Book : Italy Yellow Book : France Orange Book : Netherlands White Book : China Gray Book : Japan/Belgium Sign and Symbol relationship When one word of the pair represents the sign of the symbol given in the word of the pair, then it is called sign and symbol relationship. e.g., Black Flag : Protest ‘Black Flag’ is the sign of ‘protest’. Some more examples are given below Dove : Peace White Flag : Truce Red Flag : Danger/Revolution Red light : Stop Red Triangle : Family Planning Red Cross : Hospital Wheel : Progress Red : Danger Green Light : Clear Star : Rank Black : Sorrow Swastik : Fortune Countries and national Monuments Relationship When one word of the pair gives the national monument of the country given in the order word of the pair, then it is called country and national monument relationship. e.g., Emperical Palace : Japan Some more examples are given below Eiffel tower : France Pyramid : Egypt Tajmahal : India Kermlin : Moscow Opera House : Australia Kinder Disk : Denmark City and monuments/important places relationship also exists in the same manner. Countries and News Agencies relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the news agency of the country given in the other word of the pair then it is called country and news agency relationship. e.g., India : PTI ‘PTI’ is an ‘Indian’ news agency. Some more examples are given below Iran : Irna Britain : Reuters China : Xin-hua Afghanistan : Khaama Indonesia Antara : Country and National Game Relationship When one word gives the name of the national game of the country given in the other word of the pair, then it is called country and national flower relationship. e.g., India : Lotus ‘Lotus’ is in the national flower of ‘India’. Some more examples are given below UK : Rose Germany : Knapweed Australia : Golden Wattle Hongkong : Orchid France : Iris Ireland : Shamrock Canada : Maple leaf Portugal : Lavender Country and National Animal Relationship When one word of the pair represents the national animal of the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and river relationship. e.g., India : Tiger ‘Tiger’ is the national animal of ‘India’. Some more examples are given below Australia : Kangaroo UK : Robin Redbrest Japan : Ibis Canada : Weaver Country and River Relationship When one word of the pair represents the river which flows through the country given in the other word of the pair, then it is called country and river relationship. e.g., India : Ganga ‘Ganga’ is a river that flows in’India’. Some more example are given below China : Hwang Ho Italy : Tiber Britain : Thames Austria : Danube India : Gomti Country and Intelligence Agencies Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the intelligence agency of the country given in other wod of the pair, then it is called country and intelligence agency relationship. e.g., India : CBI ‘CBI’ is the intelligence agency of ‘India’. Some more example are given below Israel : Mossad Russia : KGB Australia : ASIS Egypt : Mukhabarat Pakistan : ISI USA : CIA Country and Tribes relationship When on e word of the pair gives the name of the tribe living in the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and tribes relationship. e.g., India : Bheel ‘Bheel’ is a tribe of ‘India’. Some more examples are given below Canada : Eskimo USA : Red Indians New Zealand : Maori Malaysia : Semang Relationship Based on City’s Location on the River Banks When one word of the pair gives the name of the city situated on the bank of the river given in other word of the pair, then it is called relationship based on city’s location on the river banks. e.g., London : Thames ‘London’ is located on the bank of river ‘thames’. Lucknow : Gomti Rome : Tiber New York : Hudson Paris : Seine Delhi : Yamuna Country and Ports Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of port located in the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and port relationship. e.g., India : Mumbai ‘Mumbai’ is a port located in ‘India’. Some more examples are given below Australia : Sydney Bangladesh : Chittagong China : Shanghai Japan : Yokohama State and High Court Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the city, where the high court of the state given in the other word of the pair is located, then it is called state and high court relationship. e.g., Bihar : patna High Court of ‘Bihar’ is located in ‘Patna’. Some more examples are given below UP : Allahabad Rajasthan : Jodhpur Uttarakhand : Nainital Madhya Pradesh: Jabalpur Inventors and Inventions Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the inventor of the invention given in the other word of the pair, then it is called inventor and invention relationship. e.g., Television : John Baird ‘John Baird’ is the inventor of ‘Television’. Some more examples are given below Telephone : Graham Bell Bicycle : Mac Millian Telescope : Galilio Fountain : Waterman Religion and Worship Place relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of religious book of the religion given in other word of the pair, then it is called religion and religious book relationship. e.g., Hindu : Ramayana ‘Ramayana’ is the religious book of ‘Hindus’. Some more examples are given below Muslims : Quran Jews : Torah Christians : Bible Parsi : Gathas of Zarathushtra City of Founder Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the founder of the city given in other word of the pair, then it is called city and founder relationship. e.g, Srinagar : Ashoka ‘Ashoka’ was the founder of ‘Srinagar’. Some more examples are given below Jaipur : Saval Man Singh Amritsar : Guru Ramdas Agra :” Sikander Lodi Firozabad : Firoz Shah Tuglaq Dynasty and Founder Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the founder of the dynasty given in other word of the pair, then it is called dynasty and founder relationship. E.g., Mughal Dynasty : Babar ‘Mughal Dynasty’ was founded by ‘Babar’. Some more examples are given below. Gupta Dynasty : Chandraga gupt Sur Dynasty : Shershah Mayura Dynasty : Chandragupta Maurya Silver Dynasty : Qutub-ud-din-Aibak Sports and Players relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the player associated with the sport player relationship. e.g., Cricket : Virat kohli ‘Virat Kohli’ plays the game of ‘Cricket’. Some more examples are given below. Tennis : Sania Mirza Badminton : Sania Nehwal Cricket : Mithali raj Hockey : Sandeep singh Sports and Sports terms relationship When one word of the pair gives the sports terms which is associated with the sport given in other word of the pair, then it is called sports and sports term relationship. e.g., LBW : Cricket ‘LBW’ is the term used in the game of ‘cricket’. Some more examples are given below. Smash : Badminton/Tennis Penalty Corner : Hockey Diamond : Baseball Deuce : Tennis Persons and Specialised Field relationship When two words of the pair give the name of the person and the field with which that person is associated, then it is called person and specialized field relationship. e.g., Amitabh Bachhan : Films ‘Amitabh Bachhan’ is a film actor and hence he I associated with ‘Films’. Some more examples are given below. Uma Shrama : Dance Rajdeep Sardesal : Media Anil Ambani : Business Sachin Tendulkar : Cricket Sushma Swaraj : Politics VERBAL REASONING WORK Famous Personalities and Country Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of a famous personality associated with the country given in the other word of the pair, then it is called famous personality and country relationship. e.g., Anna Hazare : Indian `Anna Hazare’ is a famous social activist of ‘India’. Some more examples are given below Imran Khan : Pakistan Bill Clinton : USA Chetan Bhagat : India Maradona Argentina : Sports and Cups/Trophies Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the cup/trophy associated with the sport given in the other word of the pair, then it is called sports and cups/trophies relationship. e. g., Golf : Ryder Cup `Ryder Cup’ is an award or cup which is given to the winner in ‘Golf’. Some more examples are given below Cricket : Duleep Trophy Football : Durand Cup Hockey : Dhyan Chand Trophy Badminton : Uber Cup Awards and Field Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the award associated with the field given in other word of the pair, then it is called award and field relationship. e.g., Booker Award: Literature In the given relationship, first is award and the second is field i.e., Booker Award’ is given in the field of ‘Literature’. Some more examples are given below Gramy Award : Music Oscar Award : Film Dada Sahab Phalke Award : Film Global Award : Environment Country and National Sign Relationship When one word of the pair represents the national sign of the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and national sign relationship. e.g., India: Ashoka Chakra ‘Ashoka Chakra’ is the national sign of ‘India’. Some more examples are given below Spain : Eagle France : Lily Iran : Rose Australia : Golden Wattle Country and Place Relationship When. One word of the pair gives the name of a place situated in the country given in other word of the pair, then it is called country and place relationship. e.g., UK: Buckingham Palace ‘Buckingham Palace’ is a place situated in United Kingdom (UK). Some more examples are given below USA : White House Australia : Opera House Italy : Saint Peter’s Church Russia : Red Square City and Industries Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of industry for which the country given in other word of the pair is famous, then it is called city and industry relationship. e.g., Detroit: Automobiles ‘Detroit is famous city for ‘Automobiles’ Industry. Some more examples are given below Hollywood Film making Manchester Cotton Clothes Johannes Burg Gold Mining Pitts Burgh Steel India and National Symbol Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of national item of India given in other word of the pair, then it is called India and national symbol relationship. e.g., Sport: Hockey ‘Hockey is the national ‘Sport of India’. Some more examples are given below River : Ganga Animal : Tiger Sweet : Jalebi Bird : Peacock Flower : Lotus Monuments and Place Relationship When one word of the pair gives the name of the place, where the monument given in other word of the pair is situated, then it is called monument and place relationship. e.g., Taj Mahal: Agra ‘Taj Mahal’ is a monument of India which is situated in Agra. Some more examples are given below. Hawa Mahal : Jaipur Jahaz Mahal : Mehrauli Man Mahal : Gwalior Victoria Mahal : Kolkata Flag and Meaning Relationship When one word of the pair gives the types of flag and the other word of the pair gives what the flag symbolizes, then it is called flag and meaning relationship. e.g., Yellow Flag: Ambulance (Ambulance carrying a person suffering from infection) Here, first is the symbol used to denote the second. Some more examples are given below Black Flag : Against Red Flag : Revolution White Flag : Surrender Brown Flag : National Sorrow Students must keep in mind that basis of word relationships are taken from History Politics Economics Science and Technology Geography Art and Culture Sports Awards Social Facts Current Affairs Problems based on analogy are asked in different formats in various competitive exams where the candidate is required to either find out the similar analogous pair or to complete the given analogous pair. Sometimes, the candidate is required to find out the type of analogy shared by the given words. Based on this, we have classified analogy based into following types.