University:
University of Cambridge
Course:
MBBS | Bachelor of Medicine Bachelor of Surgery
Academic year:

2021
Views:

261

Pages:

3
Author:

Nicole W.

VIRAL EXANTHEMSViral exanthemsVirusesViral exanthems/other skin lesionsHerpesvirusesHerpes simplex virusVesicular lesionsVaricella-zoster virusChickenpox and zosterEpstein-Barr virusFollowing ampicillin therapyHuman herpesvirus-6Roseola infantum (exanthem subitum or sixthdisease)Other DNA virusesPoxvirusesSmallpox, Molluscum contagiosumParvovirusErythema infectiosum (fifth disease)Papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndromeHuman papilloma virus (HPV)Warts: Common warts, flat warts, plantar warts,anogenital warts (condyloma acuminatum)Paragraphrawing9Viral exanthemsVirusesViral exanthems/others skin lesionsRNA virusesMeasles virusRashes, Koplik's spotsRubella virusRashesCoxsackie virusesHand-foot-mouth diseaseAgents of viral hemorrhagicfeverDengue, Ebola and othersNote :- pathognomic feature of measles - KOPLIK's spots MEASLESHighly contagious childhood disease characterized by fever and respiratory symptomsfollowed by typical maculopapular rashKoplik's spots on buccal cavityEPIDEMIOLOGYSource :- cases carriers - not known to occur . Inapparent or subclinical infections arerareReservoir - humans ( no animal reservoir)Infective material - virus - shed in secretions of nose . throat and Respiratory tract ofcases of measles - during the prodromal stage and early stage of rashPeriod of communicability : patients are infected from four days before to four days afterthe onset of rash . Isolation - recommended from the onset of prodromal stage until thirdday of rashSecondary attack rate is very highCommon childhood diseaseNo specific age is immuneOne attack ( vaccine or infection) is enough to provide life long immunityLate winter, early springPATHOGENESISTransmission : by dropletsUsually occurring in school environment, closed spacesHighly Infectious- before the rash appearsSpread : multiplies locally in respiratory tract -> enter the lymph nodesenter intobloodstream ( primary viremia) ) multiply in RES spills over into blood secondaryviremia ) -> disseminated to various sites. Incubation periodDisease periodMEASLESPATHOGENESISKoplik'sspotsRashVirus growthVirus growsin lymphon bodytissuesurfaceVirusRespiratorygoes todiseasebodysurfaceInfectious period (virusshed5101520Respiratory InfectionDaysCLINICAL MANIFESTATIONSIncubation period : 10 days ( maybe shorter in infants and longer - upto 3 weeks in adultsThree stages :- prodromal stage . eruptive stage , post measles stagePRODROMAL STAGElasts for four days ( from 10th to 14th day of infection )FeverKoplik's spots in buccal mucosa opposite lower molarsKoplik spot - white to bluish spots surrounded by erythemaERUPTIVE STAGEMaculopapular dusky red rashesCentrifugal in distribution ( from centre to periphery spread)POST MEASLES STAGECharacterized by weights loss and weaknessThere may be failure to recover and gradual deterioration into chronic illness

Viral Exanthems

Related Documents

Details

Description

Related Documents

Struggling with your assignment and deadlines?

Free up your schedule!

Take 5 seconds to unlock