University:
American Career College
Course:
NURS115 | Intermediate Medical
Academic year:

2021
Views:

435

Pages:

23
Author:

Opfer8fg

Introduction  Neoplasia: New growth  Tumor: Swelling (inflammation, neoplsam)  Now Tumor= Neoplasm  Two types of growth disorders: Non-Neoplastic Secondary/ adaptation due to other causes Neoplastic Primary growth abnormality Non-Neoplastic Proliferation *Controlled & Reversible  Hypertrophy: Increase in size  Hyperplasia: Increase in number  Metaplasia: Change  Dysplasia: Disordered Neoplastic Proliferation Uncontrolled & Irreversible*  Heritable or genetic  Excessive & unregulated proliferation, independent of physiologic growth stimulatory stimuli  Benign  Localized, Non-invasive  Malignant (Cancer)  Spreading, Invasive  Metastasize Pathogenesis – Smoking &Lung Disease Chronic Hypertension Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Goiter – Iodine Deficiency Endometrial Hyperplasia Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Mechanism of Growth Disorders Normal Adaptation Polyclonal Benign Malignant Monoclonal Tumors Parenchyma Supporting host derived non neoplastic stroma (connective tissue, blood vessels, inflammatory cells) Nomenclature of benign neoplasms Cell of origin + Suffix (Oma) Connective tissue & derivatives: Fibroma, Osteoma, Chondroma, Lipoma Blood & lymph vessels: Hemangioma, Lymphangioma Brain covering: Meningioma Muscle: Leiomyoma, Rhabdomyoma Epithelial:  Adenoma (renal tubular, adrenocortical, liver cell, bronchial adenoma)  Papilloma (projection with finger like fronds): Squamous cell or urothelial papilloma  Polyp (projection above mucosal surface)  Cystadenoma (ovary)  Placental epithelium: Hydatiform mole  Melanocytes: Nevus Exceptions: Lymphoma Melanoma Seminoma Mesothelioma More than 1 neoplastic cell type  Derived from 1 germ cell layer: Salivary gland: Pleomorphic adenoma (Mixed tumor of salivary gland)  Derived from more than 1 germ cell layer: From totipotential cells in gonad or in embryonic rests (Mature teratoma, dernoid cyst) Hamartoma: malformation, mass of disorganized tissue indigenous to the particular site Choriostoma: congenital anomaly, heterotopic rest Multiple Adenoma colon Adenomatous polyp Ovary - Cystadenoma Pleomorphic adenoma Mixed tumor of parotid glands Choriostoma Heterotopic pancreas in stomach Bile duct hamartoma