Adlerian Therapy

1. taught that we must successfully master three universal life tasks. Which of the following is not one of these tasks? a. B  uildingfriendships b. E  stablishingintimacy c. C  ontributingtosociety E  nhancingwellness not part of Adler universal life task ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 102 2. __________ is often described as our perceptions regarding self, others, and the world, and includes the connecting themes and rules of interaction that give meaning to our actions.  a. S  trivingforsignificanceandsuperiority b. F  ictionalfinalism L  ifestyle d. H  olisticconcept ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 101 3. Which of the statements below about social interest is true? a  b. Adler believed most people to be incapable of developing social interest even though it was something to which they should aspire. c. In his later years, Adler recanted his beliefs about social interest and focused on addressing unconscious dynamics as the key to mental health. d. The concept of social interest was originally introduced by Freud, and Adler incorporated it into his theory. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 102 4. Dr. Jones told Emily that her efforts to overcome her fear of test taking at school will most likely lead her to outperform all of her classmates one day. This intervention was: a. appropriatebecauseitwasintendedtobolsterEmily’sselfesteemandacademicselfconcept. b inappropriatebecauseDr.JoneswasconfusingAdler’snotionofsuperioritywiththeideathatherclient c. not only unethical, it was illegal. d. inappropriate because Emily will never be able to outperform her classmates. ANSWER: b REFERENCES: page 100 Page 1 5. Thepurposeofexaminingaclient’sfamilyconstellationisto: a getapictureoftheindividual’searlysocialworld. b. bring unconscious factors to the surface. c. discoverhereditaryaspectsoftheclient’sbehavior. d. determine who else in the family needs help. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 110 6. The social interest and community feeling refer to:  a. anindividual’sattitudeindealingwiththeirpast. b. a sense of identification with others without empathy. c. individuals’strivingforabetterfutureforonlythemself. individuals’awarenessofbeingpartofthehumancommunityandtoindividuals’attitudesindealingwiththe ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 101 7. Thestatement“OnlywhenIamperfectcanIbesecure”isanexampleof:  b. something a personality disordered individual would say. c. a realistic goal. d. retroflection. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 100 8. All of the following are stages in Adlerian counseling except: a. r eorientation. b. i nsight. c. e stablishingatherapeuticrelationship. a nalysisofresistance. ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 108 9. The process of encouragement in Adlerian counseling includes all of the following except:  a. helping clients focus on their resources and strengths. b. helping clients become aware of their assets and strengths rather than dealing continually with their deficits and liabilities. c. helping clients recognize or accept their positive qualities. d.  ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 114 Page 2 10. AnAdleriantherapistasksfortheclient’searliestrecollectionsinorderto:  b. reveal their past and reintroduce the client to the pain and heartbreak of their basic mistakes. c. give clues as to the best way to steer the client to develop in a more positive way. d. gain a better understanding of what memories to not process during therapy. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 106 11. According to Adlerians, inferiority feelings:  a. are pathological. b. lead to depression. c. keep us from achieving our life goals.  ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 99 12. Dr. Kane pointed out to her client John that his feelings of inadequacy at work seem reminiscent of the feelings he experienced in his family of origin. It is probable that Dr. Kane was: a. crossingtheoreticalboundariesbyreferringtoJohn’spast. lookingforcontinuitybypayingattentiontothemesrunningthroughJohn’slife. c. trying to get John to tap into the unconscious realm by having him explore painful memories related to his family of origin. d. hoping her intervention would promote transference, which could then be worked through. ANSWER: b REFERENCES: page 100 13. Adlerians view the use of techniques in counseling as: a  b. more important than paying attention to the subjective experiences of the client. c. against their basic philosophy. d. unethical. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 109 14. Which of the following techniques is not used in Adlerian family counseling?  a. I mmediacy b. P  aradoxicalintention c.  d. The push-button technique ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 116 Page 3 15. Adlerian therapy has a phenomenological orientation. Thus, the therapist attempts to view the world from: a. an objective frame of reference. b. his or her own subjective frame of reference. theclient’sframeofreference. d. the frame of reference of a particular theory. ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 99 16. Which of the following statements is not true about Alfred Adler?  a. He created child guidance clinics.  . c. He worked with Freud for at least eight years. d. He had much to say about child-rearing practices. ANSWER: b REFERENCES: page 96 17. When Adler spoke of individuality, he referred to the unique way we: a. rewrite our own life script. b. deal with the crises of our development. c. confront our unfinished business.  ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 101 18. “Fictionalfinalism”isanAdleriantermmeaning: a. the unrealistic ideas that we have about the way life should be. b. our strict adherence to certain beliefs that are not based on reality.  d. our stubborn resistance to change. ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 100 19. In helping clients to examine their mistaken goals and faulty assumptions, an Adlerian therapist does not use: a. encouragement. b. challenge and confrontation. c. open-ended interpretations.  ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 104 Page 4 20. Which of the following aspects is notassessedwhenexploringaclient’sfamilyconstellation? a. Birth order b. Interactions between siblings and parents  d. Thechild’spsychologicalpositioninthefamily ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 106 21. Which of the following is nottrueabouttheAdlerianconceptof“privatelogic”? a  b. It provides a central psychological unity for us. c. It is the philosophy upon which we base our lifestyle. d. It often does not conform to the reality of social living. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 106 22. Adler chose the name ___________________for his theoretical approach because it is based on a growth model.   b. Community Psychology c. Ego Psychology d. Id Psychology ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 117 23. Which of these statements is not true about Alfred Adler? a. Along with Freud and Jung, Alfred Adler was a major contributor to the initial development of the psychodynamic approach to therapy. b. After resigning as president of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, Adler founded the Society for Individual Psychology. c  d. Adler stresses the unity of personality, contending that people can only be understood as integrated and complete beings. ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 98 Page 5 24. Adler pioneered the practice of teaching professionals through live demonstrations with parents and children before large audiences. This is now called: “openforum”familycounseling. b. spectator therapy. c. “onstage”familytherapy. d. “hotseat”familycounseling. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 96 25. One contribution of Adlerian therapy is that:  a.  b. it offers a well-defined theory of personality. c. many of its concepts have been supported by research. d. it is a common-sense psychology. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 117 26. WhoisprimarilycreditedwithpopularizingandextendingAdler’sworkbyapplyingAdlerianprinciplestogroup work?  a. Don Dinkmeyer b. Erik Erikson c. H. L. Ansbacher  ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 118 27. Which of the following did Adler not stress? a. The unity of personality b.  c. Behavior is purposeful and goal-oriented d. A unique style of life that is an expression of life goals ANSWER: b REFERENCES: page 98 28. Which child is most likely to demand center stage, tends to have difficulties in life when he or she is no longer the center of attention, and is likely to become dependently tied to the mother?   child a. Oldest  child b. Second  child c. Middle  child Only ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 104 Page 6 29. Which child tends to feel squeezed out and may develop a conviction that life is unfair and a feeling of being cheated a. O  ldestchild b. S  econdchild M  iddlechild d. Y  oungestchild ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 104 30. All of the following are life tasks that Adler taught we must successfully master except:  a. building friendships. b. establishing intimacy. c. contributing to society.  ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 102 31. Theclient’scoreexperienceinAdleriantherapyconsistsof: a. working through the transference relationship. b.  c. understanding how their relationship with their parents has shaped their personality. d. understanding how their birth order has determined the person who they are today. ANSWER: b REFERENCES: page 105 32. Which of the following would an Adlerian therapist particularly value? a. Interpretation of dreams b. Confronting the ways the client is living dependently since early childhood  d. Helping the client to work through the transference neurosis ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 107 33. The premise of Adlerian group work is that:  clients’problemsareusuallyofasocialnature. b. earlychildhooddisturbancesareattherootoftheclient’scurrentproblems. c. individuals are encouraged to become fully independent. d. insight, not action, is needed for change. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 118 Page 7 34. Adlerian therapists strive to establish and maintain:  b. a legalistic therapeutic alliance and a person-to-person relationship with their clients. c. an egalitarian therapeutic alliance without a person-to-person relationship with their clients. d. a legalistic therapeutic alliance without a person-to-person relationship with their clients. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 108 35. The Adlerian approach is well suited to multicultural counseling because the:  a.  b. approach has few rigid techniques. c. focus on early recollections allows clients to explore their past. d. focus on a lifestyle assessment is appealing to most cultures. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 119 36. The __________ sets forth the goals of the therapeutic process and specifies the responsibilities of both therapist and client. a. e arlyrecollections b. p rivatelogic c t herapeuticcontract d. t herapeuticgoal ANSWER: c REFERENCES: page 108 37. Adlerian psychology is a __________, holistic, optimistic, and socially embedded theory based on basic assumptions that have woven into various theories of counseling. a. r ational p henomenological c. s pecific d. c onstructive ANSWER: b REFERENCES: page 126 38. All of the following are characteristics that form the basis for an integrative framework in brief therapy except: a. t imelimitation. b. f ocus. c. t heassignmentofbehavioraltasks. c ounselorindirectiveness. ANSWER: d REFERENCES: page 125 Page 8 39. Individuals may believe that it is inappropriate to reveal: f amilyinformation. b. p ersonalinformation. c. societalsecrets. d. c ulturalbeliefs. ANSWER: a REFERENCES: page 121 40. During the reorientation and reeducation phase the most important intervention is: a. c hange. e ncouragement. c. m  akingadifference. d. t hepushbuttontechnique. ANSWER: b REFERENCES: page 117 41. Alfred Adler believed that genetics and heredity are not as important as what we choose to do with the abilities and limitations we possess. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 99 42. Adlerians have a teleological view of human nature. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 98 43. Adler and Freud created very different theories, even though both men grew up in the same city in the same era and were educated as physicians at the same university. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 98 44. Adlerian therapists pay careful focus to techniques and work in structured, set ways. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 109 Page 9 45. Adler maintained that individuals attempt to overcome feelings of basic inferiority by developing a lifestyle in which success is possible. a b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 100 46. InAdler’sviewwecanbefullyunderstoodonlyinlightofknowingthepurposesandgoalstowardwhichweare striving. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 100 47. Adleriansmaintainthatchangeisnotpossiblewithoutinsight;understandingthecausesofone’sproblemsisa prerequisite to behavioral change. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 113 48. Adlerian counseling focuses on the family constellation and the influence of the family on the individual. a b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 110 49. Encouragement is a part of the Adlerian counseling process. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 114 50. Adlerians typically do not use techniques of interpretation, for they believe that clients can make their own interpretations without therapist intervention. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 113 Page 10 51. From the Adlerian perspective, objective reality is more important than how we interpret reality and the meanings we attach to what we experience.  a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 99 52. Adlerians emphasize reeducating people and reshaping society. a b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 99 53. For Adlerian counselors, techniques are helpful when adapted to the needs of the client. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 125 54. Bydiscussingaclient’searliestrecollections,anAdleriancounselorhopestobringunconsciousconflictstothe surface. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 111 55. Adler stressed that our desire to strive for perfection is learned from our parents. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 99 56. One Adlerian concept is that everything we do is influenced by our style of life. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 101 57. “Fictionalfinalism”isatermthatAdleriansusetodescribeourattitudeindealingwiththesocialworld. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 100 Page 11 58. ClientsareviewedbyAdleriantherapistsas“sick”andinneedofacure. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 124 59. Theconceptoflifestylereferstoanindividual’scorebeliefsandassumptionsthroughwhichthepersonorganizeshis or her reality and finds meaning in life events. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 101 60. Adlerians maintain that the priorities we choose arise from our personality strengths. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 115 61. Adlerian views of birth order and family constellation are highly relevant to individuals from all cultural contexts. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 120 62. Research supporting the effectiveness of the Adlerian approach is limited. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 126  b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 117  b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 117 Page 12 65. Adlerian therapists use a psychoeducational approach. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 125 66. It is easy to overestimate the contributions of Adler to contemporary therapeutic practice. a. True ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 125 67. Adlerian psychology is a phenomenological, holistic, optimistic, and socially embedded theory based on basic assumptions that have been woven into various theories of counseling. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 126 68. The typical second child behaves as if she was in a race and is generally under full steam at all times. a b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 103 69. Adlerian therapists realize that clients do not become discouraged and function effectively because of mistaken beliefs, faulty values, and useless or self-absorbed goals. a. True b ANSWER: False REFERENCES: page 105 70. Adlerian therapists strive to establish and maintain an egalitarian therapeutic alliance and a person-to-person relationship with their clients. b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: page 108 Page 13