HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Part 5

57) Which of the following is NOT a nucleobase of DNA? A) adenine B) guanine C) thymine D) uracil 58) Which of the following materials is the primary structural protein of the epidermis, nails, and skin? A) eponychium B) collagen C) keratin D) fibroblast 59) Which of the following correctly describes atomic number? A) the atomic number is the number of atoms in a mole of a given substance B) the atomic number is the number of neutrons in an atom C) the atomic number is the number of atoms in a gram of a given substance D) the atomic number is the number of protons in an atom 60) Which of the following is a descriptive, generalized body of scientific observations? A) law B) theory C) model D) hypothesis 61) Which of the following types of cells are the main transporters of oxygen through the body? A) goblet cells B) white blood cells C) red blood cells D) platelets 62) Which of the following is the general term for a chemical substance that the body produces and transports through the blood to stimulate a cellular response? A) hypophysis B) amino acids C) oxytocin D) hormones 63) Which of the following is NOT a function of hair? A) regulation of body temperature B) extension of the sensory system C) protection from UV radiation D) protecting soft tissue from injury 64) Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of proteins found in the phospholipid bilayer of a cell membrane? A) to break down material that enters through the cell membrane B) to act as receptors that recognize and transmit hormonal messages C) to provide an attachment point for other cells D) to transport material across the membrane into the cell 65) Which of the following is the muscular action that moves a part of the body away from its median plane? A) abduction B) adduction C) pronation D) supination 66) Which of the following does NOT distinguish quantitative data collection from qualitative data collection methods? A) qualitative methods are more open-ended than quantitative B) results from randomized quantitative methods can be applied to a general population; results from qualitative cannot C) quantitative methods are number based; qualitative methods are text based D) qualitative methods do not need to be as valid or reliable as quantitative methods 67) Which of the following is an example of a birthmark caused by an increased volume of capillaries close to the surface of the skin? A) ephelides B) vascular nevis C) melanocytes D) comedones 68) Which of the following correctly describes the valence shell of an atom? A) the valence shell is the outermost-occupied electron orbital energy level B) the valence shell is always partially filled with electrons C) the valence shell is found only in ions, not in neutral atoms D) the valence shell must contain p-orbitals 69) Which of the following describes how skeletal muscles and bones work together to stimulate movement? A) muscles contract and exert force on the bone, which acts as a lever to stimulate movement B) bones contract and exert force on the muscle, which acts as a lever to stimulate movement C) muscles elongate, moving the bone involuntarily D) bones elongate, moving the muscle involuntarily 70) Which of the following describes the correct order of stages of the cell cycle? A) interphase --> mitosis --> cytokinesis B) prophase --> metaphase --> anaphase --> telophase C) interphase --> meiosis I --> meiosis II D) gap I --> synthesis --> gap II 71) Which of the following occurs due to a hypersensitivity in the immune system that causes a major inflammatory response to a common material? A) development of antibodies B) autoimmune disorders C) allergies D) AIDS 72) Which of the following is one of the primary muscles that drives ventilation? A) thoracic cavity B) oblique C) lungs D) diaphragm 73) White blood cells develop from stem cells located in which of the following organs? A) thymus B) bone marrow C) lymph node D) spleen 75) Which of the following molecules have London dispersion forces? A) all atoms and molecules have London dispersion forces B) atoms and molecules with full valence shells have London dispersion forces C) atoms and molecules with a noble gas electron configuration have London dispersion forces D) atoms and molecules that contain at least one metal atom have London dispersion forces 76) Which of the following are the two proteins found in muscle tissue that cause muscle contraction as they slide past one another? A) actin and sarcomeres B) actin and myosin C) myosin and tropomyosin D) troponin and sarcomeres