University:
West Coast University
Course:
NURS 180 | Pharmacology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

213

Pages:

3
Author:

Trevon Bernard

Drug Study Generic Name: calcium carbonate Trade Name(s): Alka-Mints, Amitone, Calcarb, Calci-Chew Drug Classification: Therapeutic:mineral and electrolyte replacements/supplements Therapeutic Uses: Replacement of calcium in deficiency states. Control of hyperphosphatemia in end-stage renal disease without promoting aluminum absorption Maximum Dosage/24 hours: 2000 mg daily Possible Routes of Administration: PO Usual Dosage and Frequency:1000-2000 mg daily This Patient’s Dose and Frequency: 500 mg 3 times daily Mechanism of Action: Essential for nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems. Maintain cell membrane and capillary permeability. Act as an activator in the transmission of nerve impulses and contraction of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. Essential for bone formation and blood coagulation. Adverse Effects: CNS: headche, tingling. CV: arrhythmias, bradycardia. GI: constipation, nausea, vomiting.GU:calculi, hypercalciuria. Nursing Implications: Calcium Supplement/Replacement: Observe patient closely for symptoms of hypocalcemia (paresthesia, muscle twitching, laryngospasm, colic, cardiac arrhythmias, Chvostek’s or Trousseau’s sign). Notify physician or other health care professional if these occur. Protect symptomatic patients by elevating and padding siderails and keeping bed in low position. Monitor patient on digitalis glycosides for signs of toxicity. Antacid:When used as an antacid, assess for heartburn, indigestion, and abdominal pain. Inspect abdomen; auscultate bowel sounds. Lab Test Considerations: Monitor serum calcium or ionized calcium, chloride, sodium, potassium, magnesium, albumin, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations before and periodically during therapy for treatment of hypocalcemia Toxicity and Overdose: Assess patient for nausea, vomiting, anorexia, thirst, severe constipation, paralytic ileus, and bradycardia. Contact physician or other health care professional immediately if these signs of hypercalcemia occur Patient Teaching: Do not administer concurrently with foods containing large amounts of oxalic acid (spinach, rhubarb), phytic acid (brans, cereals), or phosphorus (milk or dairy products). Administration with milk products may lead to milk-alkali syndrome (nausea, vomiting, confusion, headache). Do not take within 1– 2 hr of other medications if possible. Instruct patients on a regular schedule to take missed doses as soon as possible, then go back to regular schedule. Advise patient that calcium carbonate may cause constipation. Review methods of preventing constipation (increasing bulk in diet, increasing fluid intake, increasing mobility) and using laxatives. Severe constipation may indicate toxicity. Advise patient to avoid excessive use of tobacco or beverages containing alcohol or caffeine. Calcium Supplement: Encourage patients to maintain a diet adequate in vitamin D. Osteoporosis: Advise patients that exercise has been found to arrest and reverse bone loss. Patient should discuss any exercise limitations with health care professional before beginning program.