University:
West Coast University
Course:
NURS 180 | Pharmacology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

430

Pages:

2
Author:

do3ran7ut

LABETALOL LIDOCAINE LORAZEPAM Name/Class: LABETALOL (Trandate, Normodyne)/Beta Blocker Description: Labetalol is a beta blocker with some alpha blocker characteristics. It induces vasodilation, reduces peripheral vascular resistance, and lowers blood pressure. Indications: Acute hypertensive crisis. Contraindications: Asthma, CHF, 2nd- and 3rd-degree heart block, severe bradycardia, or cardiogenic shock. Precautions: COPD, heart failure, hepatic impairment, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease. Dosage/Route: 20 mg slow IV, then 40 to 80 mg/10 min as needed, up to 300 mg OR a continuous drip 2 mg/min up to 300 mg. Name/Class: LIDOCAINE (Xylocaine)/Antidysrhythmic Description: Lidocaine is an antidysrhythmic that suppresses automaticity and raises stimulation threshold of the ventricles. It also causes sedation, anticonvulsant, and analgesic effects. Indications: Pulseless ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia (w/ pulse). Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to amide-type local anesthetics, supraventricular dysrhythmias, Stokes-Adams syndrome, 2nd- and 3rd-degree heart blocks, and bradycardias. Precautions: Hepatic or renal impairment, CHF, hypoxia, respiratory depression, hypovolemia, myasthenia gravis, shock, debilitated patients, elderly, family history of malignant hypothermia. Dosage/Route: Cardiac arrest: 1 to 1.5 mg/kg IV repeated every 3 to 5 min up to 3 mg/kg, follow conversion with a drip of 2 to 4 mg/min. Ped: 1 mg/kg IV, repeat/3 to 5 min up to 3 mg/kg, follow conversion with a drip of 20 to 50 mcg/kg/min. Ventricular tachycardia (w/ pulse): 1 to 1.5 mg/kg slow IV. May repeat at one-half dose every 5 to 10 min until conversion up to 3 mg/kg. Follow conversion with an infusion of 2 to 4 mg/min. Ped: 1 mg/kg, followed by a drip at 20 to 50 mg/kg/min. Name/Class: LORAZEPAM (Ativan)/Sedative Description: Lorazepam is the most potent benzodiazepine available. It has strong antianxiety, sedative, hypnotic, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties, and a relatively short half-life. Indications: Sedation for cardioversion and status epilepticus. Contraindications: Sensitivity to benzodiazepines. Precautions: Narrow-angle glaucoma, depression or psychosis, coma, shock, acute alcohol intoxication, renal or hepatic impairment, organic brain syndrome, myasthenia gravis, GI disorders, elderly, debilitated, limited pulmonary reserve. Dosage/Route: Sedation: 2 to 4 mg IM, 0.5 to 2 mg IV. Ped: 0.03 to 0.5 mg/kg IV/IM/PR up to 4 mg. Status epilepticus: 2 mg slow IV/PR (2 mg/min). Ped: 0.1 mg/kg slow IV/PR (2 to 5 min).