University:
West Coast University
Course:
NURS 180 | Pharmacology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

100

Pages:

2
Author:

rezancuk2j

RACEMIC EPINEPHRINE SODIUM BICARBONATE SODIUM NITROPRUSSIDE Name/Class: RACEMIC EPINEPHRINE (microNefrin, Vaponefrin)/Sympathomimetic Agonist Description: Racemic epinephrine is a variation of epinephrine used only for inhalation to induce bronchodilation and to reduce laryngeal edema and mucus secretion. Indications: Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis). Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, hypertension, or epiglottitis. Precautions: May result in tachycardia and other dysrhythmias. Patient vital signs and ECG should be monitored. Dosage/Route: 0.25 to 0.75 mL of a 2.25% solution in 2 mL NS once by nebulizer. Ped: same as adult. Name/Class: SODIUM BICARBONATE (NaHCO3)/Alkalizing Agent Description: Sodium bicarbonate provides vascular bicarbonate to assist the buffer system in reducing the effects of metabolic acidosis and in the treatment of some overdoses. Indications: Tricyclic antidepressant and barbiturate overdose, refractory acidosis, or hyperkalemia. Contraindications: None when used in severe hypoxia or late cardiac arrest. Precautions: May cause alkalosis if given in too large a quantity. It may also deactivate vasopressors and may precipitate with calcium chloride. Dosage/Route: 1 mEq/kg IV, then 0.5 mEq/kg/10 min. Ped: same as adult (may be given IO). Name/Class: SODIUM NITROPRUSSIDE (Nipride)/Nitrate Description: Sodium nitroprusside is a rapid-acting hypotensive agent producing peripheral vasodilation and a mild increase in heart rate, a decrease in cardiac output, and a slight decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. Indications: Hypertensive crisis. Contraindications: Compensatory hypertension or impaired cerebral circulation (head injury, stroke). Precautions: Hepatic or renal impairment, hyponatremia, or hypothyroidism. Dosage/Route: 0.5 to 0.1 mcg/kg/min IV drip. Ped: same as adult.