University:
West Coast University
Course:
NURS 180 | Pharmacology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

156

Pages:

2
Author:

rezancuk2j

ATRACURIUM ATROPINE BRETYLIUM Name/Class: ATRACURIUM (Tracrium)/Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker Description: Atracurium is a synthetic skeletal muscle relaxant that produces a short-duration neuromuscular blockade. Indications: To produce skeletal muscle relaxation to facilitate endotracheal intubation and IPPV. Contraindications: Myasthenia gravis. Precautions: Asthma, anaphylaxis, cardiovascular or neuromuscular disease, electrolyte or acid/base imbalance, dehydration, or pulmonary impairment. Dosage/Route: 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg IV. Ped: < 2 years 0.3 to 0.4 mg/kg, otherwise same as adult. Name/Class: ATROPINE/Parasympatholytic Description: Atropine blocks the parasympathetic nervous system, specifically the vagal effects on heart rate. It does not increase contractility but may increase myocardial oxygen demand. Decreases airway secretions. Indications: Hemodynamically significant bradycardia, bradyasystolic arrest, and organophosphate poisoning. Contraindications: None in the emergency setting. Precautions: AMI, glaucoma. Dosage/Route: Symptomatic bradycardia: 0.5 to 1 mg IV/2 mg ET. Repeat 3 to 5 min to 0.04 mg/kg. Ped: 0.02 mg/kg IV, 0.04 mg/kg ET, may repeat in 5 min up to 1 mg. Asystole: 1 mg IV or 2 mg ET, may repeat 3 to 5 min up to 0.04 mg/kg. Organophosphate poisoning: 2 to 5 mg IV/IM/IO/10 to 15 min. Ped: 0.05 mg/kg IV/IM/IO/ 10 to 15 min. Name/Class: BRETYLIUM (Bretylol)/Antidysrhythmic Description: Bretylium causes a release of norepinephrine, depresses ventricular fibrillation, and reduces ectopy. Bretylium also suppresses ventricular tachydysrhythmias with reentry mechanisms. Indications: Ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia refractory to lidocaine. Contraindications: None in the presence of life-threatening dysrhythmias. Precautions: Digitalized patients, digitalis-induced dysrhythmias, fixed cardiac output, angina, or renal impairment. May induce postural hypotension. Dosage/Route: 5 mg/kg IV, then 10 mg/kg/15 to 30 min, to a max 30 mg/kg. Following conversion: 1 to 2 mg/min drip. Ped: 5 mg/kg IV, repeat 10 mg/kg in 15 to 30 min.