Pharmacology Exam 2 Answers

s/s of hypoglycemia cool clammy and diaphoretic -check blood sugar -orange juice if alert and awake followed by carbohydrates -check blood pressure and apical pulse, check when last dose of insulin was given Symptoms of aspirin toxicity -ototoxicity (tinnitus), nerve deafness, renal toxicity Gi bleeding Reynes syndrome (in children) fluroquinolone major side effects -Tendon pain (tendinitis) Ruptured tendon Worse with steroids No vitamins or mineral, causes photosensitivity Who cant use yogurt to increase their normal flora -tetracyclines -fluroquinolones -lactose intolerant What lab value is important to monitor when a patient is taking propylthiouracil WBC What is the generic name for debrox Carbamide peroxide When should you take prednisone In the morning with meals Don’t take with fruit juices or pop (decreases effectiveness of drug) We use steroids to help with chronic diarrhea in what type of patient Ulcerative colitis If you have patients taking steroids plus fluroquinolones you want to look out for Tendon Pain (tendinitis) Why does a patient on a macrolides have increased liver enzymes Decreased liver function eliminated and metabolized in the liver Nurse is about to administer desmopressin in the morning and the sodium is 110 and they are consuming gallons of water what would you do Hold medication and call the doctor What happens if you mix cephalosporin and alcohol Disulfiram reaction (vomiting) When should you take levo Early morning before breakfast If you’re on levo as a patient how do you know it’s working More energy Weight lost Build a tolerate to medication Who can not receive live vaccines No kid under 2 No pregnant women No adult over 50-55 No immunocompromised No egg allergy IV vancomycin administration Vesicant (will destroy tissue all the way to the bone) Central line Peak and trough Slow infusion Red man syndrome if given too fast (slow it down if this happens don’t stop it) If you have a diabetic patient and they are started on prednisone whats your concern Increased blood sugar If giving a IM inject of a antibiotic and it comes in a vial of power and you’re going to mix it. What would you use to mix it? And what gauge needle would you use, 1 ½ inch needle Mix with lidocaine Gluteus maximus 22-23 gauge needle Rifampicin TB drug Discoloration of body fluids to red Given 6-9 months some patient up to 2 years Diphenylamine (Benadryl) Allergies Motion sickness Colds and runny nose Sleep medication Used in any medication that has PM in it (Tylenol PM) Patient comes into hospital that’s a type 1 diabetic and they have a insulin pump. Family doesn’t know about it, that patient regulates it. How would you make sure they are able to regulate it? Check LOC When do we use glucagon? When sugar is too low (below 70) and the patient is unresponsive What type of drug is INH and what is the major side effect to this drug? What deficiency Isoniazid (INH) TB drug Preherial neuropathy, muscle weakness, pain, muscle spasm B6 deficiency Pyrixden If you’re going to use steroid to treat a vial rash. What would be an example? Measles shingles should steroids and NSAIDs (ibuprofen) be taken together? Why? No. increased bleeding *Know insulin peak times What type of vaccine is the BCG? Live vaccine (TB vaccine) No kids under 2 No pregnant No adult over 55 No egg allergy If you have a patient on prednisone what your concern? Infections First warning is fever Youre hanging a antibiotic. 10 mins later patient is having trouble breathing, itching, swollen tongue and lips. What would you do? Stop medication, administer epi and call doctor Major problems diabetics have with insulin administration Being able to see numbers on the needles (Vision) Can you administer metronidazole with alcohol No. What is emergency contraceptive? Terminates pregnancy When did you have sex last? If its been more than 72 hours it wont work Biggest risk of patients that want to be put on birth control High blood pressure Smokers History of blood clots Women over 35 Cyclophosphamide major side effects Hemorrhagic cystitis Increase fluid intake and should be taken during the day (at night it will sit in the bladder and erode it) What is the only insulin that can be given iv Regular Can you shake insulin? No. Roll it Will have to read sliding scale Way to prevent infection with a patient on steroids Handwashing Can you abruptly stop steroids No. must tapper off. Addison syndrome How do we give mycostatin orally? Swish in mouth and swallow Swish at least 15 seconds and then swallow