Famous Psychologists - Chart, Names and What They Did

Psychology 15 Famous & Influential Psychologists Directions: Use either Google or any search engine to complete a bit of research about each of these famous and influential Psychologists. SUMMARIZE MAJOR FINDINGS/RESEARCH in Psychology, rather than writing about their life history! Name Contributions to Psychology 1. Solomon Asch 1907-1996), Asch found that group size influenced whether subjects conformed. The bigger the majority group (no of confederates), the more people conformed, but only up to a certain point. 2. Albert Bandura (1925-7/26/2021) Social cognitive theory Social learning theory considers how both environmental and cognitive factors interact to influence human learning and behavior. 3. Noam Chomsky (1928-present), theory of language centers around the idea that language is innate, meaning that we have a pre-existing mechanism in our brains that allows for language processing to happen and that this mechanism is triggered by our environment. 4. Erik Erickson (1902-1994) Theories on development his theory was impacted by psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud's work, Erikson's theory centered on psychosocial development rather than psychosexual development. 5. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), Known for articulating the psychoanalytic theory of motivation, mental illness, and the structure of the subconscious; and for influencing scientific and popular conceptions of human nature by positing that both are normal. etc 6. Howard Gardener (1943-Present), Gardener’s believed that people are not born with all the intelligence they will ever have. His theory went against the traditional belief that there is only one type of intelligence; this theory was known as the “9 intelligences”. 7. Elizabeth Loftus (1944- Present), Loftus studied the malleability of memory in eyewitnesses. She said that a majority of eyewitness reports are not reliable since short term memory can often be changed or recalled incorrectly. 8. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970), Abraham Harold Maslow was an American psychologist who was best known for creating Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization 9. Stanley Milgram (1933-1984), Stanley Milgram was best known for his controversial experiments on obedience conducted in the 1960s during his professorship at Yale. Milgram was influenced by the events of the Holocaust, especially the trial of Adolf Eichmann, in developing the experiment. (1849-1936), Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist best known in psychology for his discovery of classical conditioning. During his studies on the digestive systems of dogs, Pavlov noted that the animals salivated naturally upon the presentation of food. (1896-1980), Jean Piaget was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. He contributed to psychology by making a stage theory of child cognitive development. The theory consisted of detailed observational studies of cognition in children and a series of tests to reveal different cognitive activities. (1902-1987), Carl Rogers is best known for developing the psychotherapy method called client-centered therapy and for being one of the founders of humanistic psychology. (1904-1990), B. F. Skinner was an American psychologist best-known for his influence on behaviorism. Skinner referred to his own philosophy as 'radical behaviorism' and suggested that the concept of free will was simply an illusion. All human action, he instead believed, was the direct result of conditioning. (1878-1958), A pioneering psychologist who played an important role in developing behaviorism. Watson believed that psychology should primarily be scientific observable behavior. He is remembered for his research on the conditioning process. (1933-Present), a professor of psychology at Stanford for over 30 years, is known for his work on the Stanford prison experiment which demonstrated the power of social situations through a mock prison experiment with normal, healthy college students. 10. Ivan Pavlov 11. Jean Piaget 12. Carl Rogers 13. B.F. Skinner 14. John B. Watson 15. Philip G. Zimbardo