University:
Widener University
Course:
1046C | General Chemistry
Academic year:

2024
Views:

437

Pages:

20
Author:

Mani Sabaghi

Success Criteria Put a check mark for each success criteria that applies to you: I know I am successful when I can... 🗆 Define what is an aromatic hydrocarbon 🗆 Draw benzene 🗆 Name susbtituted benzenes 🗆 Draw substituted benzenes 🗆 Identify uses of aromatic hydrocarbons 🗆 Describe properties of aromatic hydrocarbons 🗆 Explain the reactions involving aromatic hydrocarbons 1 Uses of Aromatic HC 1. Benzene as the parent chain 2. Benzene as a substituent PRACTICE: p. 31, #s 1-2 DISCUSSION ON THE SUMMARY OF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS DISCUSSED WORKSHEET ON SUMMARY of CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS What Is an Aromatic Hydrocarbon? aromatic hydrocarbon an unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon with a pattern of bonding that makes it chemically stable Figure 2 (a) The structure of benzene, a planar ring system in which all bond angles are 120° (b) Two structural formulas implying that the structure of benzene is a combination of them both together (c) The common representation of benzene Properties of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Many aromatic hydrocarbons are liquids at room temperature, while others are crys-talline solids. Their symmetrical structure causes them to be non-polar unless they contain an electronegative substituent, so they are generally insoluble in water. From its discovery and well into the second half of the twentieth century, benzene was widely used as a solvent in industrial processes and for dry cleaning clothes. Since the discovery that benzene is carcinogenic, other chemicals have replaced benzene in the workplace. One replacement compound is methylbenzene, commonly known as toluene, C6H5CH3 (Figure 5). toluene Figure 5 Toluene (methylbenzene) is a substituted benzene compound with one methyl group substituted for a hydrogen atom. Aromatic nitro compounds Useful in lab reagents for the identification organic compounds e.g. o 2,4- DNPH used for the identification of carbony compounds. 2,4- dinitrofluoro benzene is widely used in proteir chemistry, commonly known as Sangers reagent. In the preparation of TNT which is widely used explosive. • In the preparation of Nitrazepam (used in the management of seizures & as sedative/hypnotic)