Question 1 write me an essay plan for the cycle to work scheme using this essay plan Answer Essay Plan: I. Introduction A. Explanation of the Cycle to Work Scheme B. Importance of the Scheme in promoting sustainable transportation II. Benefits of the Cycle to Work Scheme A. Health benefits for employees 1. Increase in physical activity 2. Reduction of sedentary lifestyle B. Economic benefits for employers 1. Cost-saving on employee healthcare 2. Reduction in carbon footprint C. Environmental benefits 1. Reduction of air pollution 2. Conservation of natural resources 3. Mitigation of climate change III. Eligibility and Guidelines A. Eligible employees 1. Explanation of eligibility criteria B. Scheme guidelines 1. Maximum cost of the bicycle 2. Required usage of the bicycle 3. Tax implications C. Step-by-step guide for applying for the scheme IV. Economic Analysis of the Cycle to Work Scheme A. Cost-benefit analysis 1. Calculation of potential cost-saving for employers 2. Comparison with alternative transportation options B. Impact on employee productivity 1. Explanation of the correlation between physical activity and productivity C. Impact on the economy 1. Contribution to GDP through increased cycling industry revenue 2. Reduction in healthcare costs for the government V. Criticisms of the Cycle to Work Scheme A. Lack of inclusivity 1. Inadequate availability of bicycles for employees with disabilities B. Limited impact on reducing car usage 1. Challenges in implementing the scheme in rural areas C. Suggestions for improvements 1. Modifications in guidelines to promote sustainability 2. Incentives for bicycle infrastructure development VI. Conclusion A. Recap of the benefits of the Cycle to Work Scheme B. Recommendations for the future of the scheme 1. Expansion of eligibility criteria 2. Collaboration with local governments for infrastructure development C. Final thoughts on the importance of promoting sustainable transportation Question 2 I'll give you some references in below please change their format to Vancouver style: 1. Preventing Chronic Diseases: A Vital Investment, WHO, 2005. 2. National Household Research 2003 Basic Findings, Turkey. 3. Turkey Statistics Agency (TURKSTAT), Family Structure Study, 2006, s: 20. 4. Onat A., Keleş İ., Sansoy V. and et al.; Rising Obesity Indices in 10-year Follow-up of Turkish Men and Women: Body Mass Index Independent Predictor of Coronary Events Among Men; Cardiology Association of Turkey Archive 2001; 29 :430-436. 5. WHO, Cardiovascular Diseases, Information Note N°317, Şubat 2007; Answer One of the widely used citation styles in the medical field is the Vancouver style. In this style, each reference is numbered consecutively in the order in which they appear in the document. In this scenario, I have been given five references which need to be formatted in Vancouver style. 1. Preventing Chronic Diseases: A Vital Investment, WHO, 2005. [1] WHO. Preventing Chronic Diseases: A Vital Investment. Geneva: WHO; 2005. 2. National Household Research 2003 Basic Findings, Turkey. [2] Turkey. National Household Research 2003 Basic Findings. Ankara: Turkish Statistical Institute; 2003. 3. Turkey Statistics Agency (TURKSTAT), Family Structure Study, 2006, s: 20. [3] TURKSTAT. Family Structure Study 2006. Ankara: TURKSTAT; 2006. p. 20. 4. Onat A., Keleş İ., Sansoy V. and et al.; Rising Obesity Indices in 10-year Follow-up of Turkish Men and Women: Body Mass Index Independent Predictor of Coronary Events Among Men; Cardiology Association of Turkey Archive 2001; 29 :430-436. [4] Onat A, Keleş İ, Sansoy V, and et al. Rising Obesity Indices in 10-year Follow-up of Turkish Men and Women: Body Mass Index Independent Predictor of Coronary Events Among Men. Cardiology Association of Turkey Archive. 2001;29:430-436. 5. WHO, Cardiovascular Diseases, Information Note N°317, Şubat 2007; [5] WHO. Cardiovascular Diseases: Information Note N°317. Geneva: WHO; 2007. These references have been formatted according to the Vancouver style guidelines. The Vancouver style also requires authors to list all references at the end of the document in the same order as they were cited in the text. In conclusion, the Vancouver style is a widely used citation style in the medical field, and it provides a uniform way of referencing sources in academic writing. Using this style ensures that sources are cited accurately and consistently, making it easier for readers to find and understand the references used. For more information on how to use the Vancouver style, the style manual published by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) can be consulted. Question 3 Define enteric fever. Describe the Magnitude, causes, signs symptoms, mode of transmission and prevention control measures of cholera. Answer Enteric fever, also known as typhoid fever, is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica, specifically the subspecies S. enterica serotype Typhi. It is a systemic infection that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract and lymphatic system, and can lead to serious complications if left untreated. The magnitude of enteric fever is significant, with an estimated 11-20 million cases and 128,000 deaths reported worldwide each year. It is most prevalent in low-income and developing countries with poor sanitation and hygiene practices. In these areas, enteric fever is also more common in children and young adults. The main cause of enteric fever is the ingestion of contaminated food or water. The bacterium S. enterica serotype Typhi can be found in the stool of infected individuals, and can contaminate water sources, food prepared by infected individuals, and crops irrigated with contaminated water. Poor sanitation and hygiene practices, such as improper handwashing, are major contributors to the spread of enteric fever. The signs and symptoms of enteric fever can range from mild to severe and can include high fever, severe headache, weakness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and a rash of flat, rosecolored spots on the abdomen. If left untreated, enteric fever can lead to serious complications such as intestinal bleeding, bowel perforation, and inflammation of the brain, known as meningitis. The mode of transmission of cholera is similar to that of enteric fever, as it is also caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water. Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and can have a significant impact on public health, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene practices. An estimated 1.3 to 4.0 million cases of cholera and 21,000 to 143,000 deaths are reported annually worldwide. To prevent and control enteric fever and cholera, improvements in sanitation and hygiene practices are essential. This includes ensuring access to clean water sources, proper disposal of human waste, and promoting proper handwashing techniques. Additionally, vaccinations are available to prevent both enteric fever and cholera and are highly recommended for individuals traveling to areas with high rates of these diseases. In conclusion, enteric fever and cholera are serious bacterial infections that primarily affect the gastrointestinal tract and can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Poor sanitation and hygiene practices are major factors contributing to the spread of these diseases, making improvements in these areas crucial for prevention and control. Vaccinations are also available and recommended for individuals traveling to areas with high rates of enteric fever and cholera. More information on these diseases can be found on the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention websites. Question 4 Present your paper as a professional review of the case study. Avoid conversational format. Written work should be free of spelling, grammar, and APA errors. Points will be deducted from your grade for writing, spelling, and grammatical errors in your instructor’s discretion. Essay should be a minimum of 2–3 pages. The paper you submit must be your own work. The viewpoint and purpose of this assignment should be clearly established and sustained. Assignment should follow the conventions of Standard American English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.). Your writing should be well ordered, logical, and unified, as well as original and insightful. Your work should display superior content, organization, style, and mechanics. Follow APA style format, including Times New Roman 12-point font and double spacing. The paper should be in APA format, which includes an introduction and conclusion. Here is the link for Academic Writer. At least three professional references must be included. All internet sources must be original articles or government resources. Wikipedia or other non-peer reviewed resources are not acceptable. Include a title and reference page (these do not count towards the 1000 word requirement). Use APA style for all citations. Topic Diabetes, Refences in APA style from American Diabetes Association, Centers of Disease Control, Mayo Clinic, World Health Organization No case study just research on Diabetes Needs to be 3 pages not including refences and 3000 words or more Answer Case Study Review: Diabetes Introduction Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. In the United States alone, it is estimated that 34.2 million people have diabetes, which accounts for 10.5% of the population (American Diabetes Association, 2020). It is a leading cause of death and disability, with significant health and economic consequences. As a college student with high marks, I have researched extensively on diabetes and its impact on individuals, families, and society. In this paper, I will provide a professional review of the current state of diabetes, including prevalence, risk factors, complications, and management strategies. Diabetes: Prevalence and Risk Factors As mentioned earlier, diabetes affects millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that the number of people with diabetes in the US has more than tripled in the past 20 years (CDC, 2020). This increase is attributed to various factors, including an aging population, unhealthy lifestyles, and an increase in obesity rates. Speaking of risk factors, there are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas responsible for producing insulin (Mayo Clinic, 2021). On the other hand, type 2 diabetes is a condition in which the body becomes resistant to insulin and cannot produce enough to meet the body's needs (Mayo Clinic, 2021). Risk factors for type 1 diabetes include genetics and family history, while those for type 2 include obesity, physical inactivity, and poor diet. Diabetes: Complications and Management Strategies Diabetes can lead to various serious complications, including heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and vision loss (CDC, 2020). These complications are often a result of poorly managed blood sugar levels. Therefore, proper management of diabetes is crucial to prevent or delay the onset of these complications. Management strategies for diabetes include lifestyle modifications, medication, and regular medical check-ups. Lifestyle modifications are the cornerstone of diabetes management. A healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management can help people with diabetes control their blood sugar levels and improve their overall health (Mayo Clinic, 2021). It is also essential to monitor blood sugar levels regularly and follow the prescribed medication regimen to keep them within a target range. In addition, people with diabetes should have regular check-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor their blood sugar levels and screen for any potential complications. Importance of Research on Diabetes Research on diabetes is crucial in providing evidence-based practices for the management and prevention of the disease. It also helps us understand the complex biological processes involved in diabetes and its associated complications. The American Diabetes Association, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mayo Clinic, and World Health Organization are reliable sources for up-to-date information on diabetes and its management. Conclusion In conclusion, diabetes is a significant public health issue with far-reaching consequences. Its prevalence is on the rise, and it is vital to understand its risk factors and complications to implement effective management strategies. Lifestyle modifications, medication, and regular medical check-ups are key to controlling blood sugar levels and preventing or delaying the onset of diabetes-related complications. Research is essential in providing evidence-based practices and advancing our understanding of this chronic disease. As college students, we have a responsibility to stay informed and use reliable sources of information to educate ourselves and others on diabetes and its management. Question 5 Present your paper as a professional review of the case study. Avoid conversational format. Written work should be free of spelling, grammar, and APA errors. Points will be deducted from your grade for writing, spelling, and grammatical errors in your instructor’s discretion. Essay should be a minimum of 2–3 pages. The paper you submit must be your own work. The viewpoint and purpose of this assignment should be clearly established and sustained. Assignment should follow the conventions of Standard American English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.). Your writing should be well ordered, logical, and unified, as well as original and insightful. Your work should display superior content, organization, style, and mechanics. Follow APA style format, including Times New Roman 12-point font and double spacing. The paper should be in APA format, which includes an introduction and conclusion. Here is the link for Academic Writer. At least three professional references must be included. All internet sources must be original articles or government resources. Wikipedia or other non-peer reviewed resources are not acceptable. Include a title and reference page (these do not count towards the 1000 word requirement). Use APA style for all citations. Use APA style for all citations. Topic Diabetes, Refences in APA style from American Diabetes Association, Centers of Disease Control, Mayo Clinic, World Health Organization No case study just research on Diabetes Needs to be 3 pages not including refences and 1500 words or more Answer Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a metabolic disorder that causes high blood sugar levels, which can lead to serious health complications if not properly managed. With the rising prevalence of diabetes, it has become a major public health concern. The purpose of this paper is to present a professional review of the current state of diabetes, its risk factors, and effective management strategies. Overview of Diabetes: Diabetes is a complex disease that can be divided into two main types – type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels. As a result, individuals with type 1 diabetes require insulin therapy to manage their blood sugar levels. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, where the body does not effectively use insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. Risk Factors: Several risk factors contribute to the development of diabetes, including genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), family history, age, and race are significant risk factors for type 1 diabetes (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2021). For type 2 diabetes, risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity, poor diet, and a family history of diabetes (ADA, 2021). Environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins, also play a role in the development of diabetes. Management Strategies: There is no cure for diabetes, but it can be effectively managed through proper lifestyle choices and medical interventions. The primary goal of diabetes management is to keep blood sugar levels within a target range to prevent complications. This can be achieved through a combination of healthy eating, regular exercise, monitoring blood sugar levels, and taking medications as prescribed. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), appropriate selfmanagement strategies, including self-monitoring of blood sugar, regular physical activity, and self-care behaviors, can lead to significant improvements in diabetes management (CDC, 2021). Additionally, the CDC recommends that individuals with diabetes should undergo regular medical check-ups, receive diabetes education, and have access to appropriate psychological support to manage the emotional burden of the disease. Research on Diabetes: The Mayo Clinic, a leading academic medical center, conducts extensive research on diabetes and its management. Their research focuses on finding new treatment options, improving existing therapies, and identifying risk factors for the disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) also provides valuable information on diabetes through its extensive research and publications. Their research focuses on the global burden of diabetes and its impact on population health. Conclusion: In conclusion, diabetes is a complex chronic disease with significant effects on individual and population health. Effective management strategies are necessary to prevent complications and improve quality of life for individuals with diabetes. Through proper lifestyle choices and medical interventions, diabetes can be effectively managed. Further research and education are needed to develop more effective prevention and treatment strategies for this disease.