University:
American Career College
Course:
MA700 | Clinical Procedures and Pharmacology
Academic year:

2021
Views:

68

Pages:

10
Author:

VNever

Isospora belli Isospora belli • • • • • Isospora belli oocysts ,Average size 30 by 12 µm Shape: oval Appearance: transparent Young oocyst: one or two sporoblast Mature oocyst: two sporocyst, each containing four sausage shaped sporozoites • Two-layered cell wall surrounded the sporocysts (smooth and colorless) • Disporic-tetrazoic R. Rafiei 8 Isospora belli • the symptoms are called traveller’s disease. • Isospora is an opportunistic parasite in AIDS patients.. R. Rafiei 9  Humans serve as the definitive host.  Parasite does not have intermediate hosts. R. Rafiei 10  Both sexual and asexual reproduction runs inside vacuoles of epithelial cells of the human small intestine, so-called parasitophorous vacuole. R. Rafiei 11 Clinical symptoms • Asymtomatic: the infection is self- limited. • Isosporiasis: Infected patients may complain of a number of symptoms, ranging from mild gastrointestinal disorders to severe diarrhea. • clinical symptoms include: weight loss, chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia, malaise, nausea, increased number of bowel movements. • Patients with severe infection typically develop a malabsorption syndrome. • In these cases, patients produce foul-smelling stools that are pale yellow and of a loos consistency. Fecal fat levels of these stool samples may be increased. Death may results from such severe infections. R. Rafiei 12 Diagnosis • Stool examination (Concentration or flotation techniques ) • A modified acid fast staining (The sporoblast within the oocysts stain a deep red.) • demonstration oocysts in duodenal contents. R. Rafiei 13 All stages, from immature oocysts to those containing fully developed sporocysts and sporozoits, may be seen in feces. R. Rafiei 14 The sporoblast within the oocysts stain a deep red. Background become green or blue. R. Rafiei 15 Treatment • The drug of choice is combination Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) cotrimoxazole • In resistance situation ciprofloxacin is used. R. Rafiei 16