University:
American Career College
Course:
NURS112 | Fundamentals of Nursing
Academic year:

2019
Views:

203

Pages:

13
Author:

chin5tgu

Structure Determines Function List of Levels of Biological Organization: Structure + Function Homeostasis Communication Organ Systems Regulatory Systems Regulated Variables Cellular Mechanisms Detailed Breakdown: Structure (with examples) Subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, electrons Atoms: C, H, Na+, Ca2+, H+ (ions - charged particles) Molecules: H₂O, O₂, CO₂ Biomolecules: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) Organelles: mitochondria, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, cell membrane, nucleus Cells - LIFE Tissues: cells work together for a common function (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous) Organs: tissues work together for a common function (heart, brain, liver) Organ Systems: organs work together for a common function (digestive, respiratory, circulatory) Organism - human Homeostasis: Maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment. Body systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the body. Internal environment - constant - stays within a range Humans are bags of fluid The Human 40% Fluid 66% Intracellular fluid (ICF) 34% Extracellular fluid (ECF) 25% Blood Plasma 75% Interstitial Fluid Homeostasis: is the maintenance of a relatively constant Extracellular fluid (ECF) Negative Feedback Loop in Homeostasis Regulated Variable Δ in RV detected by sensor Sensor - then generates a signal Integrator (control center) Set Point output message Effector Target Do Something Negative Feedback Loop Change happens - sensor has to generate a message - referred to as Error signal - Message not sent if you are in a homeostatic range - It's if you go outside of HR - Sensor sends a message